Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.24.3 (collagenase)
 18,340 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gold salts, auranofin (AF), aurothiomalate (ATM) and aurothioglucose (ATG) displayed immunosuppressive action in a series of in vitro assays which mimic the cell-cell interactions thought to occur in rheumatoid arthritis. The gold salts inhibited phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-induced thymidine incorporation and gamma-IF production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as well as IL-2-induced proliferation of PHA-blasts. The separate addition of IL-2 and gamma-IF partly reversed the anti-proliferative effects of ATM and ATG; however, the addition of IL-1 had no effect. ATM and ATG inhibited PHA-stimulated IL-1 production by mononuclear cells but not spontaneous or LPS-induced IL-1 production by adherent monocytes. It was concluded that ATM and ATG inhibited lymphocyte function and lymphocyte-amplification of macrophage function. The anti-proliferative effects of AF were partly reversed by IL-2 but not by gamma-IF or IL-1. AF inhibited PHA-stimulated IL-1 production by mononuclear cells as well as spontaneous and LPS-induced production by adherent cells. It appeared that AF inhibited lymphocyte and macrophage function directly. AF also displayed potential anti-inflammatory activity in that it inhibited PGE2 and collagenase production by proteolytically dispersed rheumatoid synovial cells.
 ...
PMID:Unique properties of auranofin as a potential anti-rheumatic drug. 309 56

The production of prostaglandins by rat renal tubular cells and by rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in response to vasoactive hormones was examined. A superfusion technique was used to stimulate collagenase-dispersed renal cortical or medullary tubular cells and trypsinized rat aortic smooth muscle cells with vasoactive hormones and ANF. All cell types responded promptly to the stimuli in a dose-dependent manner. Renal tubular cells produced mainly PGE2, less PGF2 alpha and no 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, while VSMC produced exclusively 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. This production of PG was strictly dependent on the presence of extracellular Ca2+ and was not inhibited by antagonists of voltage-dependent Ca2+-channels. Angiotensin II (Ang II) was active on cortical tubular cells and VSMC. Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin II blocked this action. Arginine-vasopressin (AVP acted on medullary tubular cells and VSMC and its effect was inhibited by selective V1-antagonists. The V2-agonist dDAVP had no effect on PG production. A clear distinction between V1-receptor mediated PG release and V2-receptor mediated cAMP extrusion was observed in medullary tubular cells. Bradykinin was a weak agonist on medullary tubular cell. The synthetic (1-24) atrial natriuretic peptide did not prevent 6-keto-PGF1 alpha release induced by Ang II or AVP in VSMC nor the PGE2 release in cortical tubular cells induced by Ang II.
 ...
PMID:The regulation of prostaglandins by vasoactive hormones in renal tubular and vascular smooth muscle cells. 312 55

Kupffer cells and other sinusoidal cells were isolated after perfusion and incubation with pronase and collagenase of pieces of liver tissue obtained from organ donors. The resulting cell preparations contained endothelial cells, Kupffer cells and fat-storing cells as well as considerable numbers of leucocytes. Attempts to purify the different sinusoidal cell types by density centrifugation and centrifugal elutriation were successful only for Kupffer cells. Kupffer cells, in contrast to endothelial cells and fat-storing cells, could be kept in maintenance culture for at least 5 days. Cultured Kupffer cells were active in the endocytosis of foreign substances, such as colloidal carbon, latex beads, horseradish peroxidase and bacterial endotoxin. The cultured Kupffer cells synthesized and secreted considerable amounts of prostaglandins PGE2, PGF2 alpha, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and thromboxane B2. The production of prostaglandins was influenced by the presence of Escherichia coli endotoxin.
 ...
PMID:Isolation and culture of Kupffer cells from human liver. Ultrastructure, endocytosis and prostaglandin synthesis. 327 5

Guinea-pig gastric mucosal cells isolated by collagenase and pronase digestion were used to study the release of prostanoids prostaglandin I2 (PGI2; measured as 6-keto PGF1 alpha), PGE2, PGF2 alpha and thromboxane A2 (TXA2; measured as TXB2). Lysophosphatide acyltransferase (LAT) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) were measured in the microsomal fraction of isolated but not separated gastric cells and isolated and enriched parietal and mucous cells. In all cell preparations PLA2 activity was approximately 5 times higher than that of LAT. Acid-activated omeprazole inhibited LAT in a concentration-dependent manner with similar IC50 values in gastric, parietal and mucous cells. It had no effect on PLA2. Gastric cells constantly produced PGI2, PGE2, PGF2 alpha and TXA2. The main prostaglandins released were PGI2 and PGE2. PGF2 alpha and TXA2 were released in smaller quantities. Omeprazole dissolved in polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG) pH 2 inhibited spontaneous PGI2 release in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 14.3 +/- 4.8 microM. Only concentrations as high as 100 microM produced a significant reduction in PGE2 release by 60%. No significant changes could be detected in the spontaneous release of PGF2 alpha and TXA2. Omeprazole dissolved in PEG pH 7 had no effect on PGI2 release except at 100 microM which led to an insignificant decrease by 40%. These data suggest that omeprazole beyond its inhibitory effect on parietal cell K+/H+-ATPase also affects gastric mucosal prostanoid formation and release. The inhibitory effect on PGI2 does not support the view that omeprazole protects the gastric mucosa by increasing prostanoid formation.
 ...
PMID:Effect of omeprazole on eicosanoid formation in and release from guinea-pig gastric mucosal cells. 329 28

Epithelial and stromal cells were isolated from endometrium of Day 1 pseudopregnant rabbits by enzymatic digestion with trypsin or trypsin:collagenase:deoxyribonuclease. Dispersed cells were grown in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% whole or steroid-depleted fetal bovine serum (FBS). Epithelial and stromal cells reached confluency after 6 to 7 days in culture and showed specific characteristics. Cells could be differentiated according to morphology, growth patterns, electrophoretic patterns, and response to estrogen or progesterone. Hormonal stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity was measured in broken cell preparations by catalytic transformation of alpha-32P-adenosine triphosphate into 32P-adenosine 3'-5' cyclic monophosphate (cAMP). Adenylate cyclase activity was present in fresh endometrial tissue and in dispersed cells after 7 days in culture. The enzyme activity was significantly higher in stromal than in epithelial cells at all stimulation levels: basal (9.2 +/- 1.0 vs. 2.3 +/- 0.6, p less than 0.001) and guanosine triphosphate (GTP, 300 microM) (25.4 +/- 2.9 vs. 7.0 +/- 1.6, p less than 0.001). Net response to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 10 microM) was three times higher (p less than 0.001) in stromal (17 +/- 2) than in epithelial (5.0 +/- 1) cells. These results suggest that PGE2 can stimulate adenylate cyclase in rabbit endometrium and that the enzyme is preferentially localized in the stroma. Our results are in agreement with the hypothesis that cAMP formed in endometrium in response to PGE2 might be involved in the decidual reaction.
 ...
PMID:Cell-specific localization of prostaglandin E2-sensitive adenylate cyclase in rabbit endometrium. 347 35

In adult guinea-pig stapes organ cultures, 3H (2,3)-proline incorporation into the collagenase-digestible protein (CDP) and non-collagen protein (NCP) fractions of the ossicles was measured and the percentage of collagen synthesis (PCS) was calculated. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a potent stimulator of bone resorption, inhibited the PCS in low concentrations (5 and 25 microM), whereas it stimulated it in pharmacological concentrations (50 and 100 microM). Ipriflavon, an isoflavone derivative of therapeutical potential in otosclerosis, also reduced the PCS in 1, 10 and 50 microM concentrations. 50 microM Ipriflavon stimulated the PCS inhibited by 5 microM PGE2, but decreased the PGE2-induced PCS enhancement in vitro.
 ...
PMID:Effect of flavonoid on PGE2-induced alterations in percentage collagen synthesis in ossicle organ cultures. 347 54

We studied PGE2-release from isolated human gastric mucosal cells. Mucosa was obtained at surgery and cells were dispersed by collagenase and pronase. Centrifugation with Percoll yielded a fraction of light density cells (70-75% parietal cells; 2-4% mast cells) revealing maximal rates of PGE2-release. A radioimmunoassay was used to measure PGE2-release into the incubation medium. Calcium ionophore A23187 which aids calcium transport across membranes caused a 3.5-fold increase of PGE2-release; this effect was abolished in calcium-free incubation medium. PGE2-release was also stimulated by phospholipase C (100 mU/ml) which is known to induce phosphoinositol breakdown, as well as by 1-oleyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OAG; 10 microM) and by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA; 10 microM) which cause direct activation of protein kinase C without preceding induction of phosphoinositol breakdown. The response to TPA was potentiated by A23187. The calmodulin antagonist naphthalene sulfonamide W 7 reduced PGE2-release in response to A23187 and TPA (IC50: 1 microM). Our data indicate that PGE2-release of human gastric mucosal cells is stimulated by calcium influx as well as by indirect (phospholipase C) and direct (OAG, TPA) activation of protein kinase C. Stimulation of PGE2-release involves calmodulin-mediated mechanisms.
 ...
PMID:[Calcium, phospholipase C and protein kinase C stimulate prostaglandin secretion of isolated gastric mucosa cells of the human]. 347 5

Recently, we demonstrated that normal human epidermis contains IL1. The present work analyses further the significance of this observation by comparing the quantities of epidermal IL1 to those of 7 internal organs in normal rat. Epidermal PGE2 stimulating activity was 200 to 900 fold higher than in the internal organs. Similar results were obtained for the collagenase stimulatory activity and the comitogenic effect on thymocytes. Epidermal IL1 activity in membrane preparations was more than 100 times lower than the activity of the cytosol containing supernatant from the epidermal homogenate. Biochemical analysis by HPLC identified a MW approximately 17 Kd form with a pI 5.7 and a MW approximately 30 Kd form. These results 1) confirm the presence of high amounts of preformed IL1 in normal unstimulated epidermis, 2) show that, compared to 7 internal organs, the epidermis contains the highest activity, 3) suggest that epidermal IL1 is mainly situated in the cytosol, 4) identify a MW approximately 17 Kd form with a pI 5.7, as well as a MW approximately 30 Kd form which might represent an IL1 precursor, 5) demonstrate the copurification of PGE2 and collagenase stimulatory and thymocyte comitogenic activity and 6) give a starting reference for the in vivo study of IL1 activity in pathologic situations.
 ...
PMID:Normal epidermis contains high amounts of natural tissue IL 1 biochemical analysis by HPLC identifies a MW approximately 17 Kd form with a P1 5.7 and a MW approximately 30 Kd form. 348 28

Primary cultures of adherent rheumatoid synovial cells contain variable proportions of fibroblasts, macrophages, and dendritic cells, as judged by morphological appearance. Comparative studies using various enzymic and histochemical staining procedures showed the dendritic cells to lack many of the characteristic features of macrophages, e.g. the failure to express HLA-DR (Ia) antigen. The dendritic cells and fibroblasts had several similarities, but differed to some extent in their nonspecific esterase activity, phagocytic and proliferative potential. As the proportions of dendritic cells and fibroblasts varied in relation to specific culture conditions, we examined the possibility that these morphologies might represent different functional states rather than distinct cellular origins. Using subcultured synovial fibroblasts with a uniform bipolar appearance, we have shown that exposure to interleukin-1 or mast cell products resulted in a transformation to dendritic morphology. This change in cell shape was prevented by the presence of indomethacin, but was subsequently achieved by the addition of exogenous PGE2. Thus it appears that the latter is the factor that modulates the morphological change of fibroblastic to dendritic cells. This study has also demonstrated the complete and reversible interchange of fibroblast/dendritic morphology, thereby confirming that these different shapes are manifest by the same cell. The changes in phenotypic expression associated with the dendritic appearance include increased production of collagenase, prostaglandin E, and nonspecific esterase, as well as an apparent inability to exhibit phagocytosis and to proliferate in culture. We conclude from our in vitro studies that the phenotypic behaviour of the synovial fibroblast (or synoviocyte) is very variable and dependent to a large extent upon local stimuli, but the identity and hierarchy of such stimulating and suppressive factors in relation to cellular interactions requires further study.
 ...
PMID:Comparative studies of adherent rheumatoid synovial cells in primary culture: characterisation of the dendritic (stellate) cell. 349 52

The developmental profile of prostaglandin (PG)-synthesizing enzymes in liver was investigated in rats from the fetus to 2 years old. In the neonatal period, the activities of PGD2-(2.7 nmol/min/mg protein) and PGE2-(2.2 nmol/min/mg protein) synthesizing enzymes were predominant, whereas PGE2-synthesizing enzyme alone further increased in activity during adult to old ages (5.2-6.1 nmol/min/mg protein). In order to determine the sites of PGs production in rat liver, we prepared hepatocytes and non-hepatocytes by a collagenase digestion method. Regardless of the ages we examined, the major PG produced in the hepatocytes was proved to be PGE2, on the other hand, PGD2 was almost exclusively produced in the non-hepatocytes. These results suggest that each PG may have individual roles in the development of rat liver.
 ...
PMID:Prostaglandin synthesizing enzyme activities of hepatocytes and non-hepatocytes in rat liver as a function of age. 381 60


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>