Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.24.3 (collagenase)
 18,340 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) induces acute-phase protein synthesis in human hepatocytes. We evaluated whether the contiguous hepatic macrophages, human Kupffer cells (HKC), produce IL-6 in response to an inflammatory stimulus. HKC were harvested from collagenase-digested normal liver biopsies and purified (greater than 95% by phagocytosis) by adherence. Following overnight culture, 5 x 10(5) HKC were repleted with fresh media with or without 2.5 micrograms/ml of endotoxin (LPS). Parallel cultures contained polymyxin-B (10 micrograms/ml) or antihuman-IL-6 antibody (4 units/ml). Timed supernatants were collected and IL-6 levels (ng/ml) measured (B9.9 proliferative bioassay). Data analysis was by the paired Student's t test. Unstimulated HKC produced negligible IL-6 levels (less than 0.150 ng/ml). Endotoxin invoked early and sustained HKC production of IL-6, which was completely (P less than 0.001) abrogated by the addition of the anti-IL-6 antibody. Polymyxin B, an LPS-inhibitor, also blocked (P less than 0.001) IL-6 production, indicating the specificity of the response to the inflammatory stimulus. This is the first evidence that HKC can produce IL-6 in response to LPS. Local intrahepatic production of IL-6 may provide a necessary paracrine signal for HKC to amplify directly neighboring hepatocyte acute-phase responses during inflammation in man.
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PMID:Endotoxin stimulates interleukin-6 production by human Kupffer cells. 142 8

To elucidate the function of the reticuloendothelial system of liver in hepatic injury, we investigated the effect of endotoxins on superoxide anion (O-2) generating capacity and lysosomal enzyme activities of Kupffer cells isolated from rats treated with galactosamine (Gal N), with Gal N supplemented with polymyxin B (Polymyxin B-Gal N), with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and from control rats. After collagenase digestion of the liver and centrifugation over metrizamide gradient, Kupffer cells were prepared by the dish adherence procedure. O-2 production by the cells was examined as chemiluminescence during phagocytosis of latex particles and beta-glucuronidase activities were analyzed. High titers of endotoxemia were detected in LPS and Gal N rats by limulus test, while a low endotoxemia titer was found in Polymyxin B-Gal N rats. Hepatocyte damage was found in Gal N rats, but little was recognized in LPS and Polymyxin B-Gal N rats. In the latter groups, Kupffer cells, activated by endotoxins, showed the enhancement of chemiluminescence and a release of lysosomal enzyme. Though lysosomal enzyme was released from Kupffer cells in Gal N rats, chemiluminescence was slightly suppressed in spite of the high titer of endotoxemia. These results appear to be related to the consumption of O-2 during liver injury. The functional state of Kupffer cells was thus changed by the grade of endotoxemia and hepatic injury.
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PMID:Superoxide anion generating capacity and lysosomal enzyme activities of Kupffer cells in galactosamine induced hepatitis. 301 77

Collagenase purified from bacteria has been used to isolate islets for transplantation. However, collagenase is contaminated with small amounts of endotoxin, which induces dysfunction or apoptosis of islets. In this study, we investigated the effects of polymyxin B, endotoxin scavenger, on the yield and quality of isolated islets. It is revealed that polymyxin B neutralized endotoxin in vitro and inhibited endotoxin-mediated decreases of the glucose stimulation index. Additionally, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) quantitation, islet regression assay, and caspase-3 activation assay demonstrated that polymyxin B efficiently blocked the toxic effects induced by endotoxin. Thereafter, we isolated mouse islets both with and without polymyxin B and compared total islet equivalents (IEQs), glucose-stimulated insulin release, and ATP content. Polymyxin B enhanced islet recovery, and ATP content of islets, and glucose stimulation index, and reduced TNF-alpha expression of islets. Marginal transplantation (200 IEQs/mouse) under the kidney capsule of diabetic mice induced normoglycemia in 30% of the polymyxin B group, but not in any mouse of control group. This result suggests that islets isolated with polymyxin B more effectively lower blood glucose levels as compared with control islets. Thus, polymyxin B could serve as a useful agent in the protection of islets from endotoxin-induced inflammation and apoptosis.
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PMID:Polymyxin B, scavenger of endotoxin, enhances isolation yield and in vivo function of islets. 1987 68

This study aimed to evaluate sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), limewater (LW), and Polymyxin B (PMB) as irrigants over MMP-3, MMP-8 and MMP-9. Thirty-three patients with apical periodontitis of single-rooted teeth were treated according to three-experimental groups (n=11): group-1: 2.5% NaOCl was used as irrigant; group-2: 2.5% NaOCl for the first two files and LW: [0.14% Ca(OH)2] for the last two files; group-3: 2.5% NaOCl for the first two files and PMB for the last two files. The association of Ca(OH)2 and CHX was used as an intracanal medication in all groups. Four root canal samplings (S) were collected: S1) immediately after access cavity; S2) after biomechanical preparation; S3) after EDTA application; and S4) after removal of the intracanal medication. After quantification of MMP-3, MMP-8, and MMP-9, the data were analyzed by Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests and completed by Dunn test (5%). Regardless the used irrigant, there was no difference in reducing MMP-3 or MMP-8 (P=0,5273, P=0,7048 respectively). However, in reducing MMP-9 (P=0,0246) the NaOCl group was the most effective followed by NaOCl+LW group and NaOCl+PMB group respectively. The intracanal medication [Ca(OH)2 + CHX] with the NaOCl and NaOCl+LW was effective in reducing MMP-8 (P<0,0001, P=0,0025) and MMP-9 (P=0,0007, P=0,0047) respectively, but not for the group of NaOCl+PMB which was not effective in reducing MMP-8 or MMP-9 (P=0,1718, P=0,1953) respectively. NaOCl and NaOCl+LW were effective in reducing MMP-9 levels, and this effectivity could be improved by the use of the intracanal medication [Ca(OH)2 + CHX] in reducing MMP-8 and MMP-9 levels.
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PMID:Clinical Study of Sodium Hypochlorite, Polymyxin B And Limewater Effect on MMP-3,-8,-9 In Apical Periodontitis. 3255 9