Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.24.3 (collagenase)
 18,340 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A technique utilizing Pregnant Mare's Serum Gonadotropin and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin treatment of hens (Gallus domesticus), followed by manual ovulation of the excised follicles, was developed to obtain a large number of mature ova. The intact ova were used to test whether acrosin, partially purified from the spermatozoa of the cock (Gallus domesticus), partially purified rabbit testicular acrosin and commercial preparations of several hydrolytic enzymes could dissolve the inner vitelline membrane. Enzymes were applied to pieces of filter paper placed on the ovum. Cock acrosin and endopeptidases such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, collagenase and elastase hydrolyzed the membrane whereas exopeptidases such as leucine aminopeptidase and carboxypeptidase A did not. Phospholipase A, sulfatase, hyaluronidase, beta-glucuronidase and rabbit testicular acrosin also failed to hydrolyze the membrane. Cock acrosin hydrolysis of the ovum surface was inhibited by soybean trypsin inhibitor. The surface of the ovum over the germinal disc region was hydrolyzed more quickly by cock acrosin than the surface over other regions of the ovum. Acrosin from cock sperm caused the release of trichloroacetic acid soluble material absorbing at 280 nm from sonicated preparations of inner vitelline membranes. Hydrolysis was greatest at pH 8.0 and was inhibited by soybean trypsin inhibitor.
 ...
PMID:Hydrolysis of the hen egg vitelline membrane by cock sperm acrosin and other enzymes. 0 Apr 54

The specificity of lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination for the proteins of the hepatoma tissue culture cell plasma membrane was examined by histochemical, biochemical, and cell fractionation techniques. Light microscope autoradiography of sectioned cells shows the incorporated label to be localized primarily at the periphery of the cell. Most of this label can be released from the cell by trypsin but not by collagenase or hyaluronidase. The label is recovered from the cells as either monoiodotyrosine or diiodotyrosine after hydrolysis of cell extracts with a mixture of proteolytic enzymes. The label co-purifies during cell fractionation with an authentic liver cell plasma membrane marker enzyme, 5'-nucleotidase. Thus, the incorporated iodide is itself a valid marker for those membrane polypeptides having tyrosine residues accessible to the lactoperoxidase. The polypeptide complexity of the purified plasma membrane was examined by high resolution dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. At least 50 polypeptides in the membrane are accessible to iodination. These polypeptides probably represent the bulk of the protein mass of the membrane and iodinating them does not affect cell viability, growth rate, or cell function. Labeling experiments with fucose and glucosamine show that at least nine of the iodinated peptides may be glycoproteins.
 ...
PMID:Proteins of the hepatoma tissue culture cell plasma membrane. 0 57

Mycobacterium ulcerans produces an exotoxin in culture which, when inoculated into guinea pig skin, causes inflammation, necrosis, edema, and other histopathological changes resembling those in infections of humans. The toxin was resistant to heat and to alkalies and was moderately acid labile. Toxic activity was destroyed by Pronase, phospholipase, lipase, amylase, and glucosidase but not by trypsin, collagenase, cellulase, lysozyme, hyaluronidase, or neuraminidase. Toxic activity was resistant to treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol, urea, guanidine hydrochloride, p-chloromercuribenzoate, ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and sodium deoxycholate but was destroyed by sodium m-periodate and sodium dodecyl sulfate. The toxin was precipitated by a wide range of ammonium sulfate concentrations. Extraction with chlorofrom-methanol or petroleum ether destroyed its activity. Isopycnic density gradient ultracentrifugation in KBr produced a high-density lipoprotein layer with a 24-fold increase in specific activity. The results indicate that this toxin is a high-molecular-weight phospholipoprotein-polysaccharide complex.
 ...
PMID:Further characterization of Mycobacterium ulcerans toxin. 3 Jun 94

Gingival samples removed from fifteen Beagle dogs were sectioned into small pieces, parts of which served as the uncultured piece; the remaining pieces were organ cultured for four hours at 37 degrees C in MEM control, compound 48/80, endotoxins, protease, collagenase, hyaluronidase, trypsin and chymotrypin media. Uncultured and cultured tissues and spent media were analyzed spectrofluorometrically for histamine content. The uncultured gingiva contained a mean of 2.80 mug histamine/g of tissue and was considered to contain 100% total histamine available for release. The percentages of histamine released into the medium were 5.4% for culture control, 57.3% for compound 48/80, 5.4% for endotoxins, 77.3% for protease, 16.1% for hyaluronidase, 24 for collagenase, 39.3% for trypsin, and 36.5% for chymotrypsin. When compared to the culture control, all test substances showed statistically significant histamine release (P less than 0.005 to P less than 0.0005) except for the endotoxins and for hyaluronidase (P greater than 0.05). The results demonstrate (1) that gingiva contains a potential source or reservoir of histamine, presumably in mast cells, and when appropriately challenged in vitro can release this histamine; (2) no direct effect of endotoxins on histamine release in vitro, (3) that all enzymes tested except hyaluronidase resulted in significant histamine release. The results of this in vitro study support a thesis that enzymes are active in the early events of gingival inflammation.
 ...
PMID:The effect of endotoxins and enzymes in vitro on the release of gingival histamine. 5 3

A method is described that uses trypsin digestion combined with collagenase-hyaluronidase which produces a population of gap junction vesicles. The hexagonal lattice of subunits ("connexons") comprising the gapjunctions appears unaltered by various structural criteria and by buoyant density measurements. The gap junction vesciles are closed by either a single or a double profile of nonjunctional "membrane," which presents a smooth, particle-free fracture face. Horseradish peroxidase and cytochrome c studies have revealed that about 20% of the gap junction vesicles are impermeable to proteins 12,000 daltons or larger. The increased purity of the trypsinized junction preparation suggests that one of the disulfide reduction products of the gap-junction principal protein may be a nonjunctional contaminating peptide. The gap junction appears to be composed of a single 18,000-dalton protein, connexin, which may be reduced to a single 9,000-dalton peak. The number of peptides in this reduced peak are still unknown.
 ...
PMID:In vitro formation of gap junction vesicles. 5 58

The ultrastructural identification and characterization of lung proteoglycans was studied using the polycationic dye, ruthenium red. Treating lung parenchyma with the detergent Triton X-100 increased epithelial permeability and allowed the dye to penetrate alveolar walls and stain the alveolar basement membrane and lung collagen. Ruthenium red stained numerous 10- to 40-nm granules concentrated at the lamina surface of basement membrane and attached to the major doublet collagen band. The granules attached to collagen were digested by chondroitinase ABC and papain, indicating that they represent proteoglycan aggregates containing chondroitin or dermatan sulfate. Granules observed on the alveolar basement membrane were resistant to digestion by collagenase and by all glycosidases, suggesting that heparin or heparan sulfate is the predominant glycosaminoglycan in epithelial basement membrane. Ruthenium red in association with tannic acid also stained a fine network of 3- to 10-nm filaments in which collagen was enmeshed, forming the interfibrillar matrix. This network was resistant to collagenase and glycosidase digestion but was removed after papain digestion, suggesting that it was a protein or glycoprotein that did not contain glycosaminoglycans. These methods have allowed visualization of lung proteoglycans and have identified a structure that does not contain glycosaminoglycan that is intimately associated with collagen. This technique can now be applied to explore the potential role of proteoglycans in lung development and in restructuring the lung in various disease states.
 ...
PMID:Ultrastructural localization and characterization of proteoglycans in the pulmonary alveolus. 9 9

Adult rat heart was dissociated into a single cell suspension by a perfusion technique which used 0.05% collagenase and 0.1% hyaluronidase in Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer (KRP). The non-muscle cells of the suspension were separated from the myocytes by centrifugation through 3% Ficoll solution in KRP with 0.01 mM Ca2+. An approximately 90% pure suspension of isolated single muscle cells was obtained with this method. The effects of the successive steps in the dissociation procedure on the ultrastructure of the heart were studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. After 30 minutes of enzyme digestion, dissociation of the inner endothelial lining of the ventricle into single cells or small groups of cells became apparent. In addition, the underlying cardiac skeleton began to disintegrate and linear arrays of cardiac muscle cells were observed. After 45 minutes of enzyme digestion the number of released single cells was higher because of the separation of intercalated discs. The majority of non-muscle cells were by now dissociated from the surfaces of muscle cells. Widening of the lateral intercellular spaces between the myocardial cells was associated with separation of desmosomes. In some regions of the heart, intact desmosomes, fasciae adherentes and gap junctions were observed even though lateral intercellular spaces had widened greatly. The majority of myocardial cells had become separated from one another after 60 minutes of enzyme digestion. Separation of gap junctional sites took place in two ways: (1) by 'unzipping' them through enzyme action; (2) by tearing them mechanically. Gap junction remnants were sometimes observed in a vesiculated state within the cell. The dissociation of the heart was ineffective when perfused with media containing 1.0 or 2 mM Ca2+. Alcian blue treatment after 60 minutes of enzyme digestion revealed that the basement membrane, and its accompanying collagen fibrils, was still present on the plasma membrane of dissociated single cells. The isolated myocardial cells retained their normal morphological characteristics. This study has enabled us to understand in detail how dismantlement of highly ordered adult cardiac tissue into a single cell suspension takes place. Cell suspensions of this type should be invaluable in the study of metabolic and synthetic activities in adult myocardial cells.
 ...
PMID:Dissociation of adult mammalian heart into single cell suspension: an ultrastructural study. 12 Mar 52

Some proteases, i.e. trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, thermolysin, proteinase K, alpha-amylase, collagenase, and papain were investigated on their effect on isolated zonular fibers. All these enzymes but collagenase were zonulolytic active. An attack on the ground substance of the fibers by substances solving glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans (hyaluronidase, EDTA, guanidinium chloride, H2O2) showed an increased effect of the enzymes used. These results suggest that the interfibrillar matrix has a protective function on the zonular fibers.
 ...
PMID:[The attack of different proteases on isolated zonular fibers (author's transl)]. 13 75

A method of dissociation of the rat heart cell for the mixed lymphocyte culture purpose is described. The treatment of the young rat heart with 0.1% collagenase-hyaluronidase solution yielded satisfactory heart cell suspension. The hear cells, thus obtained after mitomycin C treatment but not irradiation, stimulated allogeneic lymphocytes in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol. In the Fischer to Lewis combination compatible at the Ag-B locus, strong reactions of Lewis lymphocytes to the dissociated heart and skin cells of the Fischer rat were related to the acute rejection of heart and skin grafts, while negative reactions by the kidney and spleen cells reflected a prolonged survival of the kidney graft. The role of skin- and hear-specific antigens in the rejection phenomenon is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Mixed heart cell-lymphocyte reactions and graft survivals in Ag-B-compatible rats. 13 26

To investigate the dystrophic influence on the characteristics of actin, a method for the isolation of F-actin filaments from the skeletal muscle of small sizes, i.e., less than 0.5 g, was devised. In this method, minced muscle was treated with collagenase and hyaluronidase, and the isolated filaments were washed with adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Upon examination in the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the ATP-washed filaments showed a protein component identical in mobility to actin in untreated myofibrils or to that prepared by the conventional method. Electron microscopic appearances of the filaments were similar to those of F-actin filaments described in the literature. The dimensions of the filaments were 0.5--2.5 micrometer in length and 60--70 A in diameter. The ability to activate the Mg-adenosine triphosphatase or myosin was found to be Ca2+ independent. In all aspects of the above characteristics, the filaments from leg muscles of 129/Re dydy dystrophic mice and their litter mates were observed to be identical.
 ...
PMID:Isolation of F-actin filaments. Comparison of F-actin filament preparations from normal and dystrophic mouse muscle. 15 92


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>