Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.24.3 (collagenase)
 18,340 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six normal weight subjects without any heredity of diabetes (group 1), 3 obese subjects with normal (group 2) and 9 with pathological carbohydrate tolerance (group 3) were characterized by a 2-h glucose infusion test. Adipose tissue fragments were obtained from the abdominal wall by surgical biopsy under intracutaneous anesthesia. Adipocytes were isolated by collagenase digestion and incubated in buffer containing [1-14C] glucose and different concentrations of insulin. The metabolic effect of insulin was expressed as percent increase above control 14CO2 production. Maximal CO2 raised to 207 +/- 25% and 154 +/- 9% in groups 1 and 2, respectively. These values were significantly higher than in obese subjects displaying a pathological carbohydrate tolerance (group 3; 119 +/- 6%). A negative correlation was found between blood glucose levels and biological activity of insulin on adipocytes. The results suggest that insulin sensitivity of target tissue seems to play an important role in development of carbohydrate intolerance.
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PMID:Relationship between carbohydrate tolerance, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity of isolated fat cells from obese protodiabetics. 36 Jul 50

Sodium hyaluronate reduces adhesions after tendon repair in rodents and dogs, and has been used in limited clinical trials in people. To evaluate its effect on tendon healing and adhesion formation in horses and to compare these effects with those of a compound of similar visco-elastic properties, a study was performed in horses, using a model of collagenase injection in the flexor tendons within the digital sheath. Eight clinically normal horses were randomly allotted to 2 groups. Adhesion formation between the deep digital flexor tendon and the tendon sheath at the pastern region was induced in the forelimbs of all horses. Using tenoscopic control, a 20-gauge needle was inserted into the deep digital flexor tendon of horses under general anesthesia and 0.2 ml of collagenase (2.5 mg/ml) was injected. The procedure was repeated proximally at 2 other sites, spaced 1.5 cm apart. A biopsy forceps was introduced, and a 5-mm tendon defect was created at each injection site. Group-A horses had 120 mg of sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) gel injected into the tendon sheath of one limb. Group-B horses had methylcellulose gel injected at the same sites. The contralateral limbs of horses in both groups served as surgical, but noninjected, controls. Horses were euthanatized after 8 weeks of stall rest. Ultrasonographic evaluation revealed improved tendon healing after NaHa injection, but no difference in peritendinous adhesion formation. Tendon sheath fluid volume and hyaluronic acid (HA) content were greater in NaHA-treated limbs. Gross pathologic examination revealed considerably fewer and smaller adhesions when limbs were treated with NaHA. However, significant difference in pull-out strengths was not evident between NaHA-treated and control limbs. Histologically, the deep digital flexor tendon from the NaHA-treated limbs had reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, improved tendon structure, and less intratendinous hemorrhage. Treatment with methylcullulose had no significant effect on tendon healing, adhesion size, quantity, or strength or on the volume and composition of the tendon sheath fluid. Sodium hyaluronate, administered intrathecally, appears to have a pharmaceutically beneficial action in this collagenase-induced tendinitis and adhesion model in horses.
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PMID:Effects of sodium hyaluronate on tendon healing and adhesion formation in horses. 185 4

Adrenocortical function was assessed in six normal and six chronic (greater than 12 weeks), DOCA-hypertensive Yucatan miniature swine; mean arterial pressures were 115.3 +/- 11.7 and 163.6 +/- 27.2 mm Hg, respectively (mean +/- SEM). Adrenocortical function was evaluated in vivo by measuring changes in plasma cortisol and aldosterone in response to exogenous ACTH (0.25 mg, iv), and in vitro by measuring the responses of collagenase-isolated adrenocortical cells to ACTH and angiotensin II. Corticoids were measured by specific radioimmunoassay. Basal plasma cortisol values of conscious DOCA-hypertensive swine were approximately 53% of the values of normotensive swine (P less than 0.05). However, ACTH induced a 419% increase in plasma cortisol values in DOCA-hypertensive swine compared to a 261% increase in the normotensive swine (P less than 0.05). These differences between the two groups were not altered by anesthesia. There were no significant differences in ACTH-induced changes in plasma aldosterone between the normotensive and DOCA-hypertensive swine. Experiments in vitro showed that the corticoid secretory responses of adrenocortical cells from DOCA-hypertensive animals were 6 times more sensitive to ACTH and 3.2 times more sensitive to angiotensin II than those of cells from normotensive swine. Thus, despite the possibility of adrenocortical insufficiency due to suppressed plasma renin activity and the negative feedback of DOCA on the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-adrenal axis, adrenocortical function of DOCA-hypertensive swine was hyperresponsive to trophic hormones. Results from this study suggest that the DOCA-hypertensive swine may be a valuable model in elucidating the relationship between hypertension and adrenocortical function and in investigating nonclassical control of the adrenal cortex, that is, control exerted during the hypertensive state that exists apart from or in addition to that exerted by ACTH and angiotensin II.
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PMID:Adrenocortical function in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-hypertensive Yucatan miniature swine. 298 91

After treatment of herniation of a lumbar disc by injection of the enzyme chymopapain, i. e. after chemonucleolysis, anaphylactic reactions can occur in about one per cent of the cases. In order to recognise the pattern of signs associated with such reactions, well in advance, while avoiding the additional risk of general anaesthesia, some authors propagate local anaesthesia. We report on our perioperative procedure in 102 cases of chemonucleolysis under local anaesthesia. Prick's tests were carried out before surgery to exclude sensitization to the substances to be injected. In two cases only due to a positive prick test to chymopapain chemonucleolysis had to be effected with collagenase; as a matter of fact, collagenase is not known to have caused any anaphylactic reactions, but it may be responsible for local side effects, such as destruction of adjacent tissues. The patients were kept under observation by an anaesthetist during and after surgery. No anaphylactic reaction was seen. Chemonucleolysis appears to be a suitable treatment method provided it is carried out under local anaesthesia with the same precautions as applied under regional anaesthesia by the anaesthetist.
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PMID:[Anesthesiologic aspects of chemonucleolysis in local anesthesia]. 299 Feb 49

The effect of dietary supplementation with vitamin A on the healing of rat aortas was studied. Rats were divided into two groups: rats fed a standard chow and rats fed the chow supplemented with 150 IU vitamin A palmitate/g diet. Seven rats from each group were fed with the above diets for 7 days, killed with ether, and the abdominal aorta excised and assayed for hydroxyproline content and collagenase activity. Ten rats from each group were fed for 7 days on the above diets and then underwent a longitudinal aortotomy which was sutured with prolene sutures under pentobarbital anesthesia. The rats were maintained on their respective diets for 7 days and then killed with ether, their abdominal aorta was excised and both the segment with the arteriotomy and the adjacent distal normal segment were analyzed for hydroxyproline content and collagenase activity. Seven rats from each group were fed with the above diets and then underwent transverse division of the abdominal aorta and reanastomosis using nylon sutures under pentobarbital anesthesia. Rats were maintained on their respective diets throughout the postoperative period. Seven days later, all rats were killed with ether and the bursting strength of the aortic anastomoses was measured. The results showed that vitamin A supplementation in non-operated animals had no significant effect on aortic hydroxyproline content or collagenase activity. In rats undergoing longitudinal aortotomy and suture, there was a significant increase in hydroxyproline content both at the healing arteriotomy and at the adjacent non-wounded aorta in the vitamin A-supplemented group. There was also a significant increase in bursting strength of the healing aortic anastomosis in the vitamin A-supplemented rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effect of dietary supplementation with vitamin A on arterial healing in rats. 302 54

Hepatocytes were isolated from livers of fasted rats by a two-step Ca++-free/collagenase perfusion method. Suspensions of parenchymal liver cells were incubated in the absence and presence of three different anaesthetics, diethyl ether, pentobarbital and fentanyl at various concentrations. Their influence on the hepatocytes was monitored by measuring protein synthesis as the incorporation of L-(U-14C) valine (50 mCi/mol, 4.2 mM) into liver proteins. Diethyl ether representing anaesthetics mainly affecting cellular membranes unspecifically, inhibited protein synthesis markedly, concentrations of approximately 10, 20 and 30 mM caused 27, 50 and 74 per cent inhibition respectively, of cellular protein synthesis. The rate of synthesis process of these proteins or that ether also inhibited protein secretion from cells to media. The effect of diethyl ether was completely reversible when the anaesthetic was removed by changing the medium. Pentobarbital representing barbiturate anaesthetics, reduced the synthesis of cell and medium proteins very little, while the opiate anaesthetic fentanyl had no inhibitory effect. These results demonstrate a potential hepatotoxic mechanism for membrane active drugs like diethyl ether. They also indicate that special precautions should be taken when this type of anaesthesia is used during the study of hepatic protein synthesis.
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PMID:Effects of anaesthetics on protein synthesis in isolated rat hepatocytes: inhibition by diethyl ether in contrast to no influence by pentobarbital and fentanyl. 405 Apr 52

A randomized controlled trial was performed to assess the effect of intravenous aprotinin (Trasylol) on the healing of experimental colonic anastomoses in the rabbit following a standard left colonic resection anastomosis. Assessment of tensile strength was by means of both bursting pressure and breaking strength. Those animals subjected to bursting pressure assessment received intravenous aprotinin 80 000 KIU (kallikrein inhibitory units) at the time of anaesthesia, and postoperatively 160 000 KIU per day given in divided doses for three days. Control animals received saline placebo. A further group of animals received a lower loading and maintenance aprotinin dose (40 000 KIU and 60 000 KIU per day respectively) with control animals receiving saline. Breaking strength was employed as the means of assessment. The mean bursting pressures were 47.7 +/- 2.9 mmHg and 37.5 +/- 3.4 mmHg for aprotinin and controls respectively (P less than 0.05). The mean difference in collagen content of the anastomosis compared to the resected specimen was +1.25 +/- 0.50 microgram/mg and -1.02 +/- 0.47 microgram/mg for aprotinin and placebo groups (P less than 0.005). The mean breaking strength in the aprotinin group was 169.6 +/- 74.5 g and 110.0 +/- 65.9 g for the saline group (P less than 0.02). The mean difference in collagen content of the anastomosis compared to the resected specimen was +0.95 +/- 0.69 microgram/mg and -1.5 +/- 0.78 microgram/mg for the aprotinin and saline groups respectively (P less than 0.05). The significant elevation of both bursting pressure and breaking strength assessments, with a significant improvement in the collagen content of the anastomoses, may be the result of collagenase inhibition following the use of intravenous aprotinin in the experimental model.
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PMID:Collagenase inhibition in the healing colon. 618 11

Although significant progress has been achieved in isolated hepatocyte transplantation, the optimal site of cell implantation has not yet been determined. We have developed a novel experimental method of intraportal hepatocyte transplantation that allows easy assessment of the morphology and function of transplanted hepatocytes. Donor hepatocytes were harvested from Sprague-Dawley rats by in situ EDTA/collagenase perfusion. Fifteen recipient Nagase analbuminemic rats (NAR) underwent cannulation of the gastroduodenal vein under ether anesthesia. Either the posterior or anterior liver lobes were selectively infused with cells by occluding the portal venous supply of the nontransplanted liver lobes. Normal donor hepatocytes (2 x 10(7)) suspended in normal saline were infused over 1 min (4 ml). Recipients were treated with cyclosporine for the duration of the experiment. Plasma albumin levels were determined by ELISA, before and at various intervals after transplantation. In NAR rats transplanted with normal hepatocytes, there was a significant (P < 0.003) and sustained (12 weeks) increase in plasma albumin levels. Control NAR rats transplanted with NAR hepatocytes (n = 8) showed no significant changes in plasma albumin levels. Similarly, normal Wistar hepatocytes were infused intraportally into the posterior lobes of Gunn rats (n = 4), which lack the ability to conjugate bilirubin. Pre- and posttransplantation bile was collected following bile duct cannulation. Bile analysis by HPLC, demonstrated a significant (P = 0.04) increase in the level of bilirubin conjugates following transplantation and a corresponding decrease in total serum bilirubin (P = 0.04). Our experimental data demonstrate that direct selective intraportal infusion of hepatocytes is an effective technique of hepatocyte transplantation in the rat.
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PMID:Selective intraportal hepatocyte transplantation in analbuminemic and Gunn rats. 851 4

Fibrin sealants are very useful in different surgical fields. Fixation of free gingival grafts, root coverage procedures, and other techniques increasing connective tissue attachment may be associated with the application of Tissucol in periodontology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the fibrin sealant in the extracellular matrix, as well as alterations of the connective tissue matrix during wound-healing processes. In the back dermis of 15 Net male rats, Tissucol was implanted after intraperitoneal anesthesia. The implant material was placed in subcutaneous pockets (2 cm in length) which were sutured with interproximal sutures (test and control pockets). At 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after surgery, biopsies of the healed and surrounding tissues were taken, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and examined histologically and immunohistochemically with antibodies against collagen types I, III, IV, V, VI, and VII. The findings showed thick and thin collagen type I and III fibers, respectively, with different orientations localized around the implant material. An increased amount of blood vessels and capillaries (their basement membranes containing collagen type IV) was observed during wound healing which may be associated with the implantation of the sealant. Collagen type V fibers were localized from the first days to the 4th postoperative week and, without any inflammatory reaction (according to histologic staining), formed a fibrillar extracellular matrix with high collagenase resistance. Collagen type VI showed a microfibrillar pattern of distribution, and collagen type VII was localized in the dermo epidermo junction and very deep in the connective tissue in the form of anchoring fibers (only in the test group) during the 4 postoperative weeks of healing. The data showed that Tissucol is a biocompatible component which cannot produce any extensive inflammatory reaction in the matrix. New blood vessel formation, an epithelial-connective tissue interface with high stability, as well as matrix alterations with high resistance in the proteolytic enzymes (i.e., collagenases) can be induced in the connective tissue after use of a fibrin sealant. All of these characteristics may be of great importance in connective tissue healing in periodontal surgical procedures.
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PMID:Effect of Tissucol on connective tissue matrix during wound healing: an immunohistochemical study in rat skin. 946 57

The role of various matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2), and the gelatinolytic activities of MMP involved in the process of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rabbits were investigated. Male Japanese white rabbits were intubated with tracheal tubes under anesthesia, and bleomycin hydrochloride in sterile saline or only sterile saline was administered through the tracheal tubes. The animals were killed 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after the administration of bleomycin (n = 3) or saline (n = 2). Light microscopic immunohistochemistry for MMP-1 (interstitial collagenase), MMP-2 (gelatinase A), MMP-9 (gelatinase B) and TIMP-2 was performed. The gelatinolytic activities of lung tissue homogenates were studied by gelatin zymography. In the early stages, the gelatinolytic activity of MMP-9 was predominant. MMP-9 localized in the infiltrating neutrophils, macrophages, bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells. The alveolar epithelial basement membrane was frequently disrupted in the early stages, where MMP-9 possibly contributed to the disruption. In the late stages, the gelatinolytic activities of the latent and active forms of MMP-2 were predominant, and MMP-2 localized in the regenerated alveolar epithelial cells in addition to the bronchial epithelial cells. MMP-2, especially its active form, possibly plays a role in alveolar epithelial cell regeneration. The localization of MMP-1 was similar to that of MMP-9. TIMP-2 localized in the epithelial cells and in some fibroblasts in fibrotic lesions. TIMP-2 possibly plays a role in extracellular matrix deposition in balance with MMP.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical and gelatin zymography studies for matrix metalloproteinases in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. 995 39


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