Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.24.3 (collagenase)
 18,340 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The relationship between vasopressin (VP) receptor levels in the anterior pituitary and VP-stimulated ACTH release in vitro was studied in rats subjected to various chronic stress paradigms. The stress models used were water deprivation for 60 h and administration of 2% NaCl in the drinking water (both of which are associated with decreased pituitary ACTH responsiveness), and repeated i.p. hypertonic saline injections or repeated daily immobilization for 14 days (associated with increased ACTH responsiveness to novel stimuli). VP receptors were measured by binding of [3H]arginine-VP to anterior pituitary membrane-rich fractions, and ACTH responses to VP in collagenase dispersed anterior pituitary cells. In control rats, binding of [3H]AVP was saturable and high affinity, with a Kd of 0.45 +/- 0.05 nM and a Bmax of 138.8 +/- 8.1 fmol/mg. In pituitary membranes from stressed rats, binding affinity was unchanged, but Bmax changed according to the type of stress. While VP binding was markedly reduced after water deprivation and 2% saline (25% and 49%, respectively), it was significantly increased after repeated i.p. hypertonic saline injections and repeated immobilization (126% and 154% of controls, respectively). The changes in VP binding were associated to parallel changes in maximum VP-stimulated ACTH production in vitro, with a 34% decrease in water deprived rats and a 25% increase in hypertonic saline injected rats. The potentiating effect of VP on corticotropin releasing hormone-stimulated ACTH was also reduced in cells from water-restricted rats, and increased in cells from rats given repeated injections of hypertonic saline. The data show a direct relationship between changes in corticotroph responsiveness and changes in pituitary VP receptors during chronic stress, suggesting that pituitary VP receptor regulation is involved in the adaptation of the HPA axis during chronic stress.
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PMID:Regulation of pituitary vasopressin receptors during chronic stress: relationship to corticotroph responsiveness. 761 75

Prenatal stress and depression affects 10-25% of pregnant women and is associated with disruption of fetal neurodevelopment, higher rates of placental abnormalities, preeclampsia, spontaneous abortion, or preterm birth. Markers of genetic vulnerability are catechol-O-methyltransferase, monoamine oxidase-A, variation of serotonin transporters, low levels of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, and brain derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met (BDNF), while hyperactivity of HPA (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal) axis and massive release of endogenous cortisol, regulated by metalloproteinase-1, -2, -3 and -9, and are involved both in depressive symptoms and neurodevelopmental abnormalities in fetus. In women with prenatal stress and depression which suffered spontaneous abortion were observed placental abnormalities as regular shape and necrotic villi, decidua with large areas of necrosis, acute inflammation and effusion areas correlated with increase in proinflammatory factors, immune deficit and infections, hyaline type fibrosis, intervilos and deciduous intense hemorrhage, associated with increase of vascular endothelial growth factor. Taking into account the important societal and economic costs becomes important for an interdisciplinary approach, in which pregnancy and its risks are a central point for women mental health.
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PMID:Prenatal depression and stress - risk factors for placental pathology and spontaneous abortion. 2560 99