Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:3.4.24.3 (collagenase)
18,340 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cell surface markers of mouse thymic dendritic cells have been studied by flow cytometry after isolation by collagenase digestion, separation of the low-density cell fraction and differential adherence. The dendritic cell preparation had a purity of greater than 90%, the contaminating population being essentially composed of thymocytes, macrophages constituting less than 1%. Dendritic cells displayed high forward and low-intermediate side angle scatter, and expressed high levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules, the heat-stable antigen (HSA), the adhesion molecules Pgp-1 (CD44), LFA-1, ICAM-1 and low levels of Mac-1 and the leukocyte common antigen CD45. Thymic dendritic cells are negative for the stem cell antigen-2 (Sca-2), the B cell-specific form of CD45 (B220), the mouse macrophage markers Fc receptor and F4/80, and the granulocyte marker Gr-1. However, although they do not express the T cell markers Thy-1, CD2, CD3, CD4 and CD5, 20%-30% of dendritic cells are positive for the interleukin 2 receptor alpha chain (CD25), and about 30% express intermediate levels of CD8. These results are discussed with regard to the functional significance of the expression of CD8 by thymic dendritic cells, and the existence of different dendritic cell subpopulations in the murine thymus.
...
PMID:Cell surface marker analysis of mouse thymic dendritic cells. 134 47

We studied tissue samples of noninfected delayed union or nonunion of diaphyseal bones in 10 patients immunopathologically and neuroimmunologically 4 to 25 months after the primary injury. Samples mostly consisted of vascularized connective tissue of varying density with the proline-4-hydroxylase-containing fibroblast as the major cell type. Most inflammatory cells were CD4 T-lymphocytes and their number was always twice that of the CD8 positive cells. Staining for CD11b positive monocyte/macrophages showed in all samples positive cells scattered in the connective tissue stroma with perivascular enrichments. Mast cells were absent or very rare. Our findings suggest that delayed union and nonunion tissue consists of vascularized connective tissue, which mostly contains 5B5 fibroblasts, CD11b macrophages and vascular endothelial cells with only few immigrant recently recruited monocytes or lymphoid cells. Almost all resident cells seem to be involved in tissue remodeling as suggested by their content of fibroblast-type MMP-1 and its proteolytic activator MMP-3 or stromelysin. The most striking finding was the paucity or total lack of peripheral innervation, which may have to do with the nonunion of the fracture.
...
PMID:Immunologic studies of nonunited fractures. 147

A case report on a 6-year-old boy suffering from the extremely rare Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome (progeria) is presented. The results of histopathological and immunohistological examination of the scar-like skin lesions are reported. Subcutaneous amorphous nodules were eosinophilic, PAS- und elastica-negative und remained unstained with antibodies against collagen type IV, vimentin, and collagenase. The dense perivascular infiltration consisted of CD4+, CD8-, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin-, MAC 387-, and some vimentin-positive cells. Perinodular blood vessels were more abundant and had a thickened wall. Collagen bundles were swollen. The epidermis appeared atrophic with focal basal cell degeneration.
...
PMID:[Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome]. 150 7

A new procedure for rapid isolation of dendritic cells (DC) was devised, involving collagenase digestion of tissues, dissociation of lymphoid-DC complexes, selection of light-density cells, then depletion of lymphocytes and other non-DC by treatment with a mixture of lineage-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and removal with anti-immunoglobulin-coupled magnetic beads. This enriched population (approximately 80% DC) was further purified when required by fluorescence-activated cell sorting for cells expressing high levels of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The isolated DC were characterized by immunofluorescent staining using a panel of 30 mAbs. Thymic DC were surface positive for a number of markers characteristic of T cells, but they were distinct from T-lineage cells in expressing high levels of class II MHC, in lacking expression of the T cell receptor (TCR)-CD3 complex, and having TCR beta and gamma genes in germline state. Splenic DC shared many markers with thymic DC, but were negative for most T cell markers, with the exception of CD8. A substantial proportion of DC from both thymus and spleen expressed CD8 at high levels, comparable with that on T cells. This appeared to be authentic CD8, and was produced by the DC themselves, since they contained CD8 alpha mRNA. Thymic DC presented both the CD8 alpha and beta chains on the cell surface (Ly-2+3+), although the alpha chain was in excess; the splenic DC expressed only the CD8 alpha chain (Ly-2+3-). It is suggested that the expression of CD8 could endow certain antigen-presenting DC with a veto function.
...
PMID:The surface phenotype of dendritic cells purified from mouse thymus and spleen: investigation of the CD8 expression by a subpopulation of dendritic cells. 161 65

Thymic rosettes (ROS), structures consisting of thymic lymphoid cells attached to a central stromal cell, were isolated from mouse thymus by collagenase digestion and unit-gravity elutriation. The ROS were then separated into those where the stromal cells were either macrophage-like (M-ROS) or dendritic cell-like (D-ROS), on the basis of the differences in adherence properties or in the level of MAC-1 surface antigen. The ROS were then dissociated and the thymocyte content analyzed by immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry. M-ROS and D-ROS differed in thymocyte composition, although the major component of both was the CD4+CD8+ cortical thymocyte. D-ROS were enriched in thymocytes expressing high levels of surface T-cell antigen receptor (TcR) and the associated CD3 complex, and these included both CD4+CD8-CD3++ and CD4-CD8+CD3++ mature thymocytes. M-ROS were enriched in CD4-CD8- thymocytes and had a reduced content of thymocytes expressing high TcR-CD3 levels; they nevertheless contained some mature thymocytes, but only of the CD4+CD8-CD3++ category. Several lines of evidence indicated that the mature thymocytes in ROS were cells recently formed in the cortex, and were not from the medullary pool. ROS-associated mature thymocytes expressed lower levels of H-2K than free, mature thymocytes. The CD4+CD8+CD3++ subpopulation, believed to be a developmental intermediate between cortical thymocytes and mature T cells, was present in both ROS populations. Further, late intermediates leading to both mature T-cell categories were evident in D-ROS, but only those leading to CD4+CD8-CD3++ T cells were evident in M-ROS. The results are compatible with a role for ROS in TcR-specificity selection and in the final maturation steps in the thymic cortex.
...
PMID:Different subpopulations of developing thymocytes are associated with adherent (macrophage) or nonadherent (dendritic) thymic rosettes. 184 Mar 80

Pulmonary infiltrating lymphocytes (PIL) isolated directly from human lung were examined for their surface immune phenotype by monoclonal antibody staining and cytofluorimetry. In order to purify PIL, resected lungs were enzymatically digested with collagenase and DNase and subjected to density centrifugation and nylon-wool column separation. In some cases, CD4+ lymphocytes were further purified with alpha CD8 and complement. The majority of pulmonary lymphocytes were CD2+ (87 +/- 1%) and CD3+ (73 +/- 4%). Virtually all of the CD3+ PIL were Ti alpha beta+. Greater than 90% of both CD4+ or CD8+ PIL were CD45RO+ and CD45RA-, consistent with prior antigen sensitization in vivo. A subset of CD4+ PIL (34 +/- 4%) expressed Leu8, the human congener of the murine MEL-14 lymphocyte homing receptor, whereas most homologous CD4+ peripheral blood lymphocytes were Leu8+ (75 +/- 8; P less than 0.01). HLA-DR surface antigens were expressed by 45 +/- 5% of CD4+ PIL versus 9 +/- 1% of CD4+ peripheral blood lymphocytes (P less than 0.001). There was no significant difference in the percentage of low-affinity interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor-positive CD4+ lymphocytes in lung and blood (9 +/- 3% versus 13 +/- 2%). Analysis of the DNA synthetic cell cycle showed that approximately 5% of blood CD4+ lymphocytes and approximately 25% of CD4+ PIL were in S/G2/M. Compared to homologous blood T cells, purified PIL displayed enhanced proliferative responses to IL-2 and diminished responses to the lectin phytohemagglutinin. Lectin-stimulated PIL showed greater secretion of interferon-gamma and IL-2 than did blood lymphocytes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
...
PMID:Most human pulmonary infiltrating lymphocytes display the surface immune phenotype and functional responses of sensitized T cells. 193 Oct 75

Transient arrest of T lymphocytes in the lung vascular bed following infusion of cells subjected to in vitro manipulations has been recognized for many years as a troublesome 'artefact', and has generally been attributed to trauma-induced changes in lymphocyte surface membranes. However, a number of laboratories have reported that the trapping process also occurs under situations where lymphocyte surface damage is minimal or absent, suggesting that the phenomenon may represent an intrinsic component of normal lymphocyte circulation. Consistent with these suggestions, recent studies from our laboratory have demonstrated the presence of large numbers of T cells in collagenase digests of normal peripheral lung tissue, which cannot be removed by broncho-alveolar lavage or perfusion of the tissue vascular bed. In the present experiments we have characterized these lung T cells in SPF rats. The properties common to this population include hydroxyurea sensitivity, high CD8:CD4 ratio and high frequency of cells recently derived from the thymus, and saturation thymidine-labelling studies indicated that greater than 90% of the lung T cells had divided within a 14-day test period. Additionally, cloning studies under conditions of limiting dilution indicate markedly reduced capacity for proliferation, relative to T cells in blood or spleen. We interpret these data to indicate that selective trapping and subsequent down-regulation of non-recirculating T cells is a normal consequence of passage through the lung vascular bed.
...
PMID:Selective attrition of non-recirculating T cells during normal passage through the lung vascular bed. 213 29

Thymic rosettes, structures consisting of 3-30 thymic lymphoid cells attached to a central macrophage or dendritic cell, were released from mouse thymus tissue by collagenase digestion. They were shown to be preexistent structures within the thymus, but to be subject to extensive exchange with free thymocytes under certain conditions. An isolation procedure was developed, using a new technique of zonal unit-gravity elutriation, which minimized exchange and produced a completely pure sample of the larger rosettes. The rosette-associated thymocytes were analyzed by two- and three-color immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry. The dominant cell type was a small, CD4+CD8+, cortical-type thymocyte. However, all of the established thymus subpopulations defined by CD4 and CD8, including CD4-CD8+ and CD4+CD8- mature thymocytes and CD4-CD8- early thymocytes, were also present in rosettes. Very few of the cells present were of an intermediate or transitional phenotype. Rosette-associated thymocytes were somewhat enriched in large dividing thymocytes, in CD4-CD8- thymocytes, and in mature thymocytes expressing the T-cell antigen receptor-CD3 complex. Their most striking characteristic was a marked depletion in small thymocytes lacking surface H-2K expression, a major population among free thymocytes. The physiological role of the rosette structure is discussed, and it is suggested that the heterogeneity of the associated thymocytes in part reflects the existence of different types of rosettes in different areas of the thymus.
...
PMID:Nature of the thymocytes associated with dendritic cells and macrophages in thymic rosettes. 249 39

In recent years, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been reported to be effective for tumors in experimental and clinical research. In order to increase the therapeutical effect, we modified some steps of Rosenberg's approach: a. cold digestion with collagenase at 4 degrees C for 24 hours; b. sedimentation instead of centrifugation; c. elimination of tumor cells before the cultivation procedure. Compared with the original approach, the proliferation, activity and cytotoxicity of TILs obtained by the modified procedure were much improved. TILs' expansion-fold was greater than that with the original approach. Cytotoxicity against tumor cells was more potent. Increased TILs' subsets were CD3 and CD8 cells. Meanwhile, we took tumor cells from tumor tissues to test their in vitro chemosensitivities to different drugs in order to select highly sensitive antitumor drugs for treatment of cases with advanced tumors. According to the design of using highly active TILs and highly sensitive drugs (H & H therapy), preliminary clinical results of 50 cases showed higher response rates than those in treatment with TIL/IL2, LAK/IL2 and TIL+IL2+CTX. Less toxic side effects were observed in 14 patients.
...
PMID:A new experimental and clinical approach of combining usage of highly active tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and highly sensitive antitumor drugs for the advanced malignant tumor. 786 84

Donor liver-derived dendritic cells (DC) have recently been identified within various lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues of organ allograft recipients, including nonimmunosuppressed mice transplanted with and permanently accepting major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-disparate hepatic allografts. These findings have raised questions about the basis of the tolerogenicity of the liver--and, in particular, about the properties of liver-derived DC. To study further the structure, immunophenotype and allostimulatory activity of leukocytes resident in normal mouse (B10.BR;H-2k, I-Ek) liver, a procedure was developed to maximize the yield of viable, nonparenchymal cells (NPC) obtained following collagenase digestion of perfused liver fragments and density centrifugation (Percoll). These cells comprised populations expressing lymphoid and myeloid cell surface antigens. As compared with spleen cells, they proved good allostimulators of naive (B10; H-2b, I-E-) splenic T cells when tested in primary mixed leukocyte reactions (MLR). After overnight (18-hr) incubation of the NPC, enrichment for transiently adherent, low-density (LD) cells on metrizamide gradients permitted the recovery of low numbers of cells (approx. 2-5 x 10(5) per liver), many of which displayed distinct DC morphology. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that these cells were CD3-, CD4-, CD8-, and B220-, but strongly expressed CD45 (leukocyte-common antigen), and mild-to-moderate levels of CD11b, heat-stable antigen, and CD44. The cells also expressed moderate intensity of NLDC 145 but not 33D1, DC restricted markers which have been shown to be differentially expressed on mouse DC isolated from various organs. This DC-enriched population was more strongly MHC class II(I-Ek)+ than NPC, as determined by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry and exhibited much more potent allostimulatory activity for naive T cells. These findings demonstrate that freshly isolated murine liver NPC, and perhaps their counterparts in situ, exhibit allostimulatory activity that is enhanced in the non-adherent, low-density (DC-enriched) fraction after overnight culture. They further suggest that the maturation of liver DC may play a key role in determining the immunogenicity and or tolerogenicity of hepatic allografts.
...
PMID:Isolation, phenotype, and allostimulatory activity of mouse liver dendritic cells. 807 17


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>

---