Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.4.24.3 (collagenase)
18,340 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have previously recovered herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV) from the corneas of latently infected mice by cultivation in vitro. It could be argued, however, that these data do not definitively distinguish between persistent and latent corneal infection. We have now used RNA hybridization in situ to resolve this question by determining the expression of HSV genes in the corneas of BALB/c mice during latent infection. Two to four months after topical corneal inoculation with HSV, when no active ocular disease or infectious virus was present, corneas were removed and digested with collagenase. Dissociated cells pooled from two corneas were hybridized with 3H- or 35S-labeled 2.6-kb single-stranded RNA probes to detect sense and antisense ICP-0 transcripts. Twenty-five percent of the pools hybridized with the probe for antisense ICP-0 (latency-associated transcript, LAT), while only 3% hybridized with the probe for ICP-0 (p less than 0.03). Of the cells in positive pools, 0.6-7.0% showed a positive hybridization signal for LAT. No infectious virus was found by culture of supernatants from the probed pools or control latently infected corneas. These data provide further evidence that HSV can establish a true latent infection in the mouse cornea.
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PMID:Detection of herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcripts in corneal cells of inbred mice by in situ hybridization. 133 Apr 38

In HeLa cells transcription of the c-jun gene is activated strongly and rapidly by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and, to a somewhat lesser extent, by treatment with phorbol ester tumor promoters. In the same cells UV and phorbol esters only marginally enhance the abundance of RNA transcribed from the jun D gene and from the gene coding for the serum response factor (which in turn acts on the UV and phorbol ester response element of the c-fos gene). In contrast to c-jun, jun B transcription is induced more efficiently by phorbol ester than by UV irradiation, suggesting that the members of the jun family are differently regulated. The promoter of c-jun carries two enhancer elements resembling AP-1 binding sites: the jun1 UV response element (URE-71 TGACATCA -64) and the jun2 URE (-190 TTACCTCA-183). These elements act independently in the UV induced expression of c-jun. In the context of the complete c-jun promoter they seem not to be required for c-jun induction by phorbol esters. When fused to the Herpes simplex thymidine kinase promoter, however, the isolated elements mediate induction by both UV and phorbol esters. UV and phorbol ester treatment of cells increases the binding of transcription factors to both elements. Both elements bind factors different in modification or/and constitution from AP-1, the heterodimeric transcription factor composed of c-Fos and c-Jun that controls the activity of the UV and phorbol ester response element (-72 TGAGTCA-66) of the human collagenase gene.
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PMID:Ultraviolet-radiation induced c-jun gene transcription: two AP-1 like binding sites mediate the response. 156 Dec 39

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latency, as operationally defined, is a state in which cell-free infectious virus cannot be demonstrated in tissue at the time of sacrifice, but infectious virus can be isolated from the same tissue after prolonged cultivation. Latent HSV has been routinely detected in sensory ganglia of the infected dermatome. We have isolated HSV-1 (RE) from the corneas of 11% of infected rabbits which harbored virus in a latent state in trigeminal ganglia. HSV-1 (RE) was isolated from 10 of 88 cultures of corneal cells established following collagenase digestion of individual corneas taken from asymptomatic animals 118 days after infection. Virus was recovered only after prolonged primary culture and in some cases serial passage of corneal cells (range 5 to 26 days to initial cytopathic effect, n = 10). Virus was isolated from 68 of 68 trigeminal ganglia from the same rabbits by cocultivation of ganglion pieces with Vero cells (range 9 to 20 days to initial cytopathic effect, n = 68) while no cell-free virus was isolated from ganglia at the time of sacrifice. Virus isolation from corneas during the latent period occurred in a manner independent of prior antiviral or antiviral plus immunosuppressive therapy. Clinical evaluation of the corneas throughout the course of acute disease, stromal disease, and at the time of sacrifice provided no evidence that could be used to predict which corneas would yield virus. These data suggest that HSV-1 can remain in a nonreplicative state characteristic of latency in cells of rabbit corneas for long periods after infection and therapy of herpetic eye disease.
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PMID:The isolation of herpes simplex virus from rabbit corneas during latency. 253 2

A spontaneously arising continuous cell line (Rb-1) derived from collagenase-elastase digested rabbit aorta has been propagated in vitro for over 100 passages. During this period, the Rb-1 cells remained spindle-shaped and formed regularly oriented parallel bundles. After Passage 50, Rb-1 cells were found to be serum-independent in their growth and reached higher saturation density than rabbit aorta smooth muscle cells. Alpha-actin and desmin filaments were detected by immunostaining in Rb-1 cells and early passage of rabbit aorta smooth muscle cells. The proportion of alpha-actin transcripts in Rb-1 cells was lower than that of transcripts for beta- and gamma-actins. The modal chromosome number was maintained at 44 between Passages 11 and 60, and two marker chromosomes were constantly present. Infection of Rb-1 cells with two strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 resulted in high titers of virus, whereas a herpes simplex virus type 2 temperature-sensitive mutant replicated only at the permissive temperature. The Rb-1 cell line could be used for the study of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and their interaction with viruses.
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PMID:Characterization of a continuous smooth muscle cell line derived from rabbit aorta. 268 Nov 30

Following uniocular topical corneal inoculation with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV), 176-fold more virus was recovered by 14-day cultivation in vitro from latently infected ipsilateral trigeminal ganglia (TG) of BALB/c mice than from TG of C57BL/6 mice (p = 0.002). Since these quantitative differences may reflect a difference in the number of latently infected cells or a difference in the ability of virus to replicate in secondarily infected cells during cultivation in vitro, experiments were designed to estimate the actual number of sites of latency. Two to four months after topical corneal inoculation, when no active ocular disease was present, minced TG were digested with 2% collagenase. The dissociated cells were placed on monolayers of vero cells, incubated at 31 degrees C, and observed for cytopathic effect (CPE) for 14 days. Ipsilateral TG from BALB/c mice produced five-fold more foci of infection than TG from C57BL/6 mice (p = 0.007). The number of foci of infection was also dependent upon the dose of virus used to infect the eye. Following infection with high doses of HSV, virus was reactivated from contralateral TG, but in lower numbers than from ipsilateral TG. In vitro studies showed that the replication of virus in ganglia from BALB/c mice was 3-8-fold greater than that in ganglia from C57BL/6 mice. These data support the hypothesis that host genetic factors and the number of infectious particles inoculated influence the number of latently infected cells in the trigeminal ganglion after corneal infection with HSV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Variation in the number of sites of latency of herpes simplex virus in trigeminal ganglia of inbred mice. 285 78

Genomic clones coding for human fibroblast collagenase were isolated. By constructing and transfecting mutants with 5' and 3' deletion mutations of the 5' control region of the gene into human or murine cells, we delimited a 32-base-pair sequence at positions -73 to -42 which is required for the induction of transcription by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate. The DNA element behaves as a 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate-inducible enhancer: it mediates the stimulation of transcription to the heterologous herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase promoter and acts in a position- and orientation-independent manner. Differences in enhancer efficiency in different cell lines are interpreted to indicate differences in the activity of a trans-acting factor.
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PMID:12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate induction of the human collagenase gene is mediated by an inducible enhancer element located in the 5'-flanking region. 303 55

The expression of a basement membrane (BM) collagen-degrading metalloprotease (Type IV collagenase) was studied in a herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 transformed hamster fibrosarcoma and its in vivo derived sublines and in vitro derived clones of varying metastatic potential. The primary parent tumor was shown to release more or less Type IV collagenolytic activity compared with its sublines (derived from lung nodules that developed after resection of the primary tumor). Normal baby hamster kidney and hamster embryo fibroblasts did not secrete detectable amounts of BM collagenase, whereas normal hamster lung fibroblast secreted intermediate levels of Type IV collagenase activity. The collagenase IV activity of the parent tumor and its in vivo and in vitro derived sublines was assayed in vitro and compared with the ability of the cells lines to spontaneously metastasize in vivo. No correlation between the ability to secrete type IV collagenase and metastatic propensity was detected. Although all cell lines secreted type IV collagenase, the highest activity was recorded for a nonmetastatic variant.
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PMID:Type IV collagenase activity of a primary HSV-2-induced hamster fibrosarcoma and its in vivo metastases and in vitro clones. 304 Feb 11

A model of herpes simplex interstitial keratitis was developed in rabbits sensitized with live herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 and challenged intrastromally with live virus. This model was used to evaluate the effects of subconjunctival medroxyprogesterone acetate on the course of the disease and on collagenase levels in the treated corneas. Whether treated prophylactically or therapeutically, the medroxyprogesterone-treated groups had substantially less stromal infiltration and neovascularization than the controls. The clinical effects corresponded with a marked reduction in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltrate histologically, and the suppression of latent and active collagenase activity in the treated corneas cultured in vitro. However, epithelial disease was exacerbated in prophylactically treated animals. Medroxyprogesterone appears to be useful in the treatment of herpetic interstitial keratitis as an anti-inflammatory agent as well as an inhibitor of collagenase production but, like the corticosteroids, it can exacerbate epithelial disease.
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PMID:Treatment of experimental herpetic interstitial keratitis with medroxyprogesterone. 624 8

Primary monolayer cultures of adult mouse hepatocytes isolated by collagenase perfusion of the liver in situ were exposed to 2 hepatotropic viruses, an avian influenza A virus adapted to grow in mouse liver in vivo and a herpes simplex type I virus. Influenza virus infection led to lysis ofindividual hepatocytes and total monolayer destruction within 18 to 120 hours after infection according to the virus dose used. Virus replication was evidenced by assaying hepatocyte supernates for hemagglutinin and infectivity, by immunofluorescent staining and by electron microscopy. Herpes virus infection resulted in polykaryocyte formation followed by nuclear pycnosis and cell lysis. Virus replication was assayed by titration of supernate infectivity.
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PMID:Primary monolayer culture of adult mouse hepatocytes -- a model for the study of hepatotropic viruses. 624 31

A reproducible model of severe herpetic interstitial keratitis was developed by injecting live herpes simplex virus type 2 intrastromally into the corneas of presensitized rabbits. Herpes-infected corneas showed significantly more stromal infiltration and vascularization, iritis, conjunctivitis, and epithelial disease than the control corneas injected with cell supernatant without virus. Levels of total collagenase detected in the culture media of the herpes-infected corneas were high and were similar to those observed previously in alkali-burned rabbit corneas. Unlike alkali-burned corneas, the herpes-infected corneas showed much more of the enzyme in the latent form during the first two days of culture.
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PMID:Collagenase levels in a new model of experimental herpetic interstitial keratitis. 624 65


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