Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.24.23 (MMP)
 4,246 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The weights of pregnancy-dependent mammary tumors (PDMT) of GR/A mice continued to increase until parturition and decreased soon after delivery; however, mitotic indices in epithelial cells and stromal cells of PDMT reached a maximum plateau on Day 18-19 of pregnancy and decreased thereafter. Growth of PDMT in progesterone-treated mice on Day 15 of pregnancy was higher than that in 17 beta-estradiol-treated mice and no treatment controls. DNA fragmentation was observed in PDMT on Day 20 of pregnancy and just after parturition. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of PDMT extracts revealed that five and six protein spots appeared newly on Day 20 of pregnancy and just after parturition, respectively. N-terminal amino acid sequences of two of the protein spots were identical to that of alpha-lactalbumin. PDMT on Day 15 and 20 of pregnancy and just after parturition secreted matrilysin, one of the matrix metalloproteinases, which was identified by Western blotting. However, matrilysin was not found in hormone-independent autonomous mammary tumors of the mouse. Estrogen receptor and c-fos mRNA expression levels in PDMT were high on Day 15 of pregnancy but low on Day 20 of pregnancy and just after parturition. These findings suggest that regression of PDMT is caused by apoptosis, and new proteins expressed on Day 20 may participate in the process of regression.
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PMID:Biochemical changes during growth and regression of pregnancy-dependent mammary tumors of GR/A mice. 763 41

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-known method for the treatment of malignant tumors, and its principles have been well established over the past 30 years. This therapy involves the application of a chemical called a photosensitizer and its subsequent excitation with light at the appropriate wavelength and energy. Topical photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is an alternative therapy for many malignant processes, including nonmelanoma skin cancers such as basal-cell carcinoma (BCC). Our novel approach for this study was to use a liposomal formulation of 5-ALA and its methyl ester (commercially available as metvix) both in vitro and in vivo, and to check whether the liposome-entrapped precursors of photosensitizers can induce the expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs) in animal tumor cells and in other tissues from tumor-bearing rats and in selected cell lines in vitro. We also checked whether the application of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) has any effect on MMPs in the above-mentioned experimental models, and if they can cause complete inhibition of MMP expression. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that after the PDT, the intensity of expression of MMPs in healthy animals was very low and seen in single cells only. After the PDT in tumor-bearing rats, MMP-3 was expressed in the tumor cells with the highest intensity of staining in the tissues directly adjacent to the tumors, while MMP-2 and -9 were not found. In the control groups, there was no observed expression of MMPs. In vitro studies showed that MMP-3 was expressed in MCF-7 cells after PDT, but MMP-9 was not observed and MMP-2 was only seen in single cases. Our studies confirmed that the application of an MMP-3 inhibitor may block an induction of MMP-3 expression which had previously been initiated by PDT. The preliminary data obtained from cancer patients revealed that new precursors are effective in terms of PDT, and that using MMP inhibitors should be considered as a potential enhancing factor in clinical PDT.
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PMID:In vitro and in vivo matrix metalloproteinase expression after photodynamic therapy with a liposomal formulation of aminolevulinic acid and its methyl ester. 2086 64