Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.24.17 (MMP-3)
 3,419 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have studied the effects of c-Ha-ras oncogene in mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts by DNA transfection and analysis of gene expression at the mRNA and protein level in a heat- and heavy metal-inducible model system. The human c-Ha-ras proto-oncogene and oncogene were cloned under the hsp70 heat-shock promoter. Clonal lines of cells with negligible basal expression of the hsp-c-Ha-ras oncogene construct were chosen on the basis of the inducibility of p21c-Ha-ras protein and several transformation parameters. We demonstrate that the expression of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) mRNA is enhanced approximately 4-6 h after the induction of the p21c-Ha-ras oncoprotein. This increase was reversible upon cessation of c-Ha-ras mRNA and protein synthesis, while constitutively elevated ODC was characteristic for stably c-Ha-ras-transformed cells. The high-level expression of ODC in ras-transformed cells was insensitive to tumour promoter stimulation. A similar mRNA induction by c-Ha-rasVal-12 was also observed for two other serum- and tumour promoter-regulated genes associated with the transformed phenotype: transin (stromelysin) and the glucose transporter. This prompted us to examine also potential changes in the expression of the serum- and tumour promoter-induced transcription factor genes junB and c-jun after induction of the hsp--c-Ha-ras construct. The junB mRNA was enhanced approximately 10-fold and the c-jun oncogene mRNA to a lesser degree in the hsp--c-Ha-ras-transfected cells after zinc activation of the hsp70 promoter. These effects were not seen in similarly treated control cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The cellular response to induction of the p21 c-Ha-ras oncoprotein includes stimulation of jun gene expression. 249 84

The AP-1 consensus sequences (TGAGTCA) are the major 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol113-acetate (TPA) responsive elements shared by several TPA inducible genes, such as c-sis, c-fos, c-myc, collagenase, stromelysin, hMTIIA and SV40. However, the role of AP-1 binding sites, which are present in the introns 3, 5, and 11 of ODC gene, in the regulation of TPA-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) gene transcription are unknown. We determined the TPA responsiveness of the AP-1 sequences in the introns of ODC gene in CV-1 cells which induce ODC activity and mRNA in response to TPA treatment. ODC introns containing AP-1 sequences were inserted into the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene. Transient transfection of CV-1 cells with the intron-CAT constructs followed by TPA treatment did not induce CAT activity. However, when flanking regions of the AP-1 site in intron 3 were narrowed down to 74 bp, TPA induced CAT activity by 5- to 7-fold. The TPA-inducibility could be eliminated by mutation of the AP-1 site (TGAGTCA-->TGATGCCA or TGATGA) in 74 bp of intron 3. These results indicate that the AP-1 sequences in the intact ODC introns may not be responsive to TPA. The flanking sequences of the AP-1 site may be crucial to determine whether the AP-1 site is accessible to the TPA-induced transcriptional factor(s).
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PMID:Lack of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate responsiveness of ornithine decarboxylase introns which have AP-1 consensus sequences. 765 80

The proto-oncogene transcription factors Fos and Jun form a heterodimeric complex that binds to DNA and regulates expression of specific target genes. Continuous expression of c-fos causes transformation of cultured fibroblasts and induces osteogenic sarcoma in mice. To investigate the molecular basis of fos-mediated oncogenesis, we developed a conditional cell transformation system in which Fos expression was regulated by isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). Synthesis or repression of Fos in L1-3c-fos cells occurred rapidly, within 30 min, after the removal or addition of IPTG to the culture medium. However, there was a significant delay between the induction of Fos expression and the appearance of morphological transformation. No effect was observed after 12 h of Fos expression, partial transformation was detected after 24 h, and full transformation required approximately 3 days of continuous Fos expression. Similarly, the transformed cell morphology persisted for at least 2 days after repression of Fos, and a normal phenotype was observed only after 3 days. Fos-Jun complexes, capable of binding to AP-1 sequences, were present continuously during the delay in morphological transformation. Furthermore, increased expression of several candidate Fos target genes, including those encoding Fra-1, transin (stromelysin), collagenase, and ornithine decarboxylase, was detected shortly after Fos induction. The induction of morphological transformation was not dependent on the cell cycle, as it occurred in both cycling and noncycling cells. Thus, the Fos-Jun complexes present before L1-3c-fos cells become fully transformed are transcriptionally active. These complexes disappeared, and the Fos target genes were repressed at least 2 days prior to reversion. Our results suggest that cell transformation by Fos requires increased expression of a target gene(s) with a long-lived product(s) that must reach a critical level.
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PMID:Cell transformation by c-fos requires an extended period of expression and is independent of the cell cycle. 819 66

The mechanism or mechanisms by which ras oncogenes induce morphological transformation and anchorage-independent growth are poorly understood but are thought to involve stable alterations in gene expression. We previously described a genetically dominant, mutant rat fibroblast cell line (ER-1-2) that is resistant to ras-induced anchorage-independent growth. We now describe a cell line derived from ER-1-2 cells, termed ER-1-2T, that has apparently sustained a second, dominant mutation that conferred on these cells the ability to form colonies in soft agar. Analysis of these and control cell lines demonstrated that deregulation of many of the genes commonly associated with the transformed phenotype could be dissociated from anchorage-independent growth. After infection with a ras-expressing retrovirus, both control and ER-1-2 cell lines constitutively expressed elevated levels of the c-jun, junB, fosB, c-myc, collagenase, ornithine decarboxylase, osteopontin, stromelysin, cathepsin L, and insulin-like growth factor 1 genes. These data indicate that signaling events downstream of ras were largely intact in ER-1-2 cells and that the defect in these cells lies either on a pathway separate from those that control stable, ras-mediated expression of these genes or at a point in the cell-division cycle distinct from those that control expression of the genes. In contrast, only c-jun, junB, c-myc, and ornithine decarboxylase were expressed at a significantly elevated level in ER-1-2T cells. Thus, deregulated expression of the genes analyzed was not sufficient for anchorage-independent growth. Furthermore, deregulation of most of them was also not necessary.
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PMID:Dissociation of ras oncogene-induced gene expression and anchorage-independent growth in a series of somatic cell mutants. 868 49

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) overexpression cooperates with genetic lesions such as an activated c-rasHa to enhance epithelial tumorigenesis. To assess the invasiveness of ODC-overexpressing cells, two noninvasive epidermal cell lines, nontumorigenic BK-1 cells, and the papilloma-derived cell line SP-1 were infected with a replication-defective retrovirus that overexpresses ODC, inoculated into deepithelialized rat tracheas, and transplanted into athymic nude mice. After 5 weeks, ODC-overexpressing BK-1 cells remained localized on the luminal surface of the tracheal xenotransplants, whereas the ODC-overexpressing SP-1 cells were extremely invasive, with the whole tracheal wall penetrated. This invasiveness of ODC-overexpressing SP-1 cells was accompanied by elevated proteinase expression, including increased urokinase plasminogen activator activity in ODC-overexpressing cells and elevated stromelysin-1 mRNA expression in the stromal cells of invaded tracheal transplants.
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PMID:Ornithine decarboxylase overexpression leads to increased epithelial tumor invasiveness. 918 3