Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.24.17 (MMP-3)
 3,419 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used for the determination of calcium-binding stoichiometry for calcium-binding proteins. Bovine calmodulin, bovine alpha-lactalbumin, and rabbit parvalbumin were found to bind specifically to 4, 1, and 2 Ca(2+) ions, respectively, in agreement with previously reported results obtained by using other physical methods. This mass spectrometry method could also be applied to proteins that bind more than one type of metal ion. The Zn(2+)- and Ca(2+)-binding stoichiometries for human stromelysin catalytic domain were determined to be 3 and 2, respectively.
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PMID:Calcium stoichiometry determination for calcium binding proteins by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. 784 25

Recent study revealed that photodynamic therapy (PDT) with a novel photosensitizer (ATX-S10(Na)) shows more potent effects for various skin diseases than ALA-PDT. The effect of ATX-S10(Na)-PDT on dermal fibroblasts is still unknown. Using dermal fibroblasts derived from normal and scleroderma patients, and mouse skin in vivo, we compared the effects of ATX-S10(Na)-PDT and ALA-PDT. Fibroblasts from normal, scleroderma patients or mice skin were treated with ATX-S10(Na)-PDT or ALA-PDT. After the PDT treatments, the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and collagen synthesis was assayed using ELISA and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). The expression of MMP-1 and MMP-3 was slightly decreased and collagen I mRNA was significantly increased in scleroderma fibroblasts compared with normal fibroblasts. Both ATX-S10(Na)-PDT and ALA-PDT increased the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in protein and mRNA levels in both normal and scleroderma fibroblasts with more potent effect by ATX-S10(N)-PDT. Collagen I synthesis was markedly decreased by ATX-S10(Na)-PDT and by ALA-PDT again with more potent effect by ATX-S10(Na)-PDT in both normal and scleroderma fibroblasts. In mice skin the effect of PDT for MMPs and collagen I was also detected and the effect was more potent in ATX-S10(Na)-PDT. In contrast, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and collagen III expression was not affected by the ATX-S10(Na)-PDT or ALA-PDT treatment. ATX-S10(Na)-PDT is more potent modulator for dermal matrix components than ALA-PDT and might be useful for scleroderma patients.
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PMID:ATX-S10(Na)-PDT shows more potent effect on collagen metabolism of human normal and scleroderma dermal fibroblasts than ALA-PDT. 1697 44

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-known method for the treatment of malignant tumors, and its principles have been well established over the past 30 years. This therapy involves the application of a chemical called a photosensitizer and its subsequent excitation with light at the appropriate wavelength and energy. Topical photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is an alternative therapy for many malignant processes, including nonmelanoma skin cancers such as basal-cell carcinoma (BCC). Our novel approach for this study was to use a liposomal formulation of 5-ALA and its methyl ester (commercially available as metvix) both in vitro and in vivo, and to check whether the liposome-entrapped precursors of photosensitizers can induce the expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs) in animal tumor cells and in other tissues from tumor-bearing rats and in selected cell lines in vitro. We also checked whether the application of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) has any effect on MMPs in the above-mentioned experimental models, and if they can cause complete inhibition of MMP expression. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that after the PDT, the intensity of expression of MMPs in healthy animals was very low and seen in single cells only. After the PDT in tumor-bearing rats, MMP-3 was expressed in the tumor cells with the highest intensity of staining in the tissues directly adjacent to the tumors, while MMP-2 and -9 were not found. In the control groups, there was no observed expression of MMPs. In vitro studies showed that MMP-3 was expressed in MCF-7 cells after PDT, but MMP-9 was not observed and MMP-2 was only seen in single cases. Our studies confirmed that the application of an MMP-3 inhibitor may block an induction of MMP-3 expression which had previously been initiated by PDT. The preliminary data obtained from cancer patients revealed that new precursors are effective in terms of PDT, and that using MMP inhibitors should be considered as a potential enhancing factor in clinical PDT.
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PMID:In vitro and in vivo matrix metalloproteinase expression after photodynamic therapy with a liposomal formulation of aminolevulinic acid and its methyl ester. 2086 64