Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.24.11 (CD10)
 9,792 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sequential immunophenotypes of bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PBL) lymphoid cells from 15 B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients who underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) during complete remission were determined by dual-color immunofluorescence and multiparameter flow cytometry. Autografts were depleted of CD19+ B-cell precursors by an immunochemopurging protocol that combines B43-PAP, a potent anti-CD19 immunotoxin, and the cyclophosphamide congener 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC). A marked interpatient variation was observed in the appearance and expansion of B-cell precursors repopulating the posttransplant marrow. The expression of CD10 and CD19 antigens during early B-cell ontogeny post-BMT preceded the expression of CD20, CD21, CD22, CD40, and sIgM. The surface antigen profiles of the emerging B-cell precursors were similar to those of fetal liver or fetal bone marrow B-cell precursors. Our comparisons of BM and PBL samples from patients in the early post-BMT period demonstrated that (1) PBL initially contains fewer B-lineage cells than does BM, and (2) circulating B-lineage lymphoid cells have a more mature immunophenotype than do BM B-lineage lymphoid cells. Comparison of the surface antigen profiles of day 30 versus day 100 or year 1 BM or PBL lymphoid cells showed an increase in the percentages of CD10+CD22- undifferentiated lymphocyte precursors, as well as CD19+sIgM- B-cell precursors (pre-pre-B), consistent with a time-dependent expansion of these B-cell precursor populations post-BMT. Importantly, the percentages of CD10+CD22+ and CD19+sIgM+ B-cell precursor (pre-B) populations also increased between 30 days and 1 year post-BMT, confirming the ability of emerging immature B-cell precursors to differentiate along the B-precursor pathway. The acquisition and expression of B-lineage differentiation antigens at different stages of the post-BMT B-cell ontogeny support the notion that the expression of these antigens is developmentally programmed. Similar to patients in previous autologous BMT studies, recipients of B-cell precursor-depleted autografts had normal or nearly normal serum immunoglobulin levels, suggesting that the maturing B-cell/plasma cell populations can produce and secrete immunoglobulins. The development of a functional CD19+ B-lineage lymphoid compartment in recipients of autografts which were depleted of CD19+ B-cell precursors corroborates the previously postulated existence of CD19- B-lineage lymphoid progenitor cells.
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PMID:Developmental hierarchy during early human B-cell ontogeny after autologous bone marrow transplantation using autografts depleted of CD19+ B-cell precursors by an anti-CD19 pan-B-cell immunotoxin containing pokeweed antiviral protein. 137 51

We have recently described a reproducible method whereby colonies containing cells that secrete immunoglobulin (Ig) can be grown from normal, human, adult bone marrow samples. The present report characterizes the cells that initiate these colonies. It is shown that all clonogenic cells express the CD19 surface antigen, as removal of these cells before plating in the B-cell colony assay abolished the subsequent growth of plaque-forming, B-lineage colonies. Cells from both the CD10+ and CD20+ B-lineage subpopulations initiated the growth of B-cell colonies, as removal of either subset resulted in a 50% reduction in the number of resulting B-cell colonies. The removal of activated B cells (CD23+), plasma cells (PCA-1+), or myeloid cells (CD13+) did not lead to a significant depletion in B-cell colony formation. Pre-B cells that were not yet committed to Ig light chain expression were also able to differentiate and proliferate into Ig-secreting colonies under the culture conditions used. Colonies initiated by these light chain uncommitted cells were distinguished using a replicate protein immunoblotting technique, which detects the simultaneous secretion of Ig kappa and Ig lambda from single colonies. These experiments provide evidence that the CD10 antigen is expressed on B-lineage cells before Ig light chain commitment, whereas CD20 is not. In conclusion, this B-cell colony assay provides a system for studying the differentiation of bone marrow-derived B cells and their precursors into Ig-secreting cells.
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PMID:B-lineage colonies from normal, human bone marrow are initiated by B cells and their progenitors. 170 6

We examined human tonsillar B cells for expression of autoantibody heavy-chain or kappa light-chain cross-reactive idiotypes (CRIs), respectively defined by murine MAbs G6 or 17.109. We find 17.109 or G6 each specifically binds a subpopulation of B cells, respectively reacting with 3.8 +/- 3% (mean +/- SD) or 2.0 +/- 1.2% of all tonsillar lymphocytes. Cells reactive with both 17.109 and G6 comprise only 0.4 +/- 0.3% of tonsillar lymphocytes. Although each tested specimen had 17.109-positive cells, 2 of 19 tonsils (11%) did not have any G6-reactive cells. We find that CRI-positive cells and CD5 B cells both co-express slgD but fail to bind peanut agglutinin or MAbs specific for CD10, indicating that both cell types reside in the mantle zones of secondary B cell follicles. However, less than half of the B cells bearing one or both of these CRIs express detectable levels of CD5. Nevertheless, we find that G6-reactive lymphocytes constitute a multiclonal population of cells that express homologous heavy chain variable region genes, each rearranged to one of several distinct and apparently nonmutated D and JH gene segments. Collectively, these studies indicate that expression of nondiversified autoantibody-encoding variable region genes may not be an exclusive property of B cells that bear detectable levels of the CD5 surface antigen.
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PMID:Relationship of the CD5 B cell to human tonsillar lymphocytes that express autoantibody-associated cross-reactive idiotypes. 171 Feb 33

Bone marrow examination is often performed in thrombocytopenic children to distinguish immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) from acute leukemia. We describe a patient with thrombocytopenia and 50% common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) positivity in his marrow who was subsequently shown to have ITP. CALLA (CD10) is a surface antigen found in early B-lymphocytes and is elevated in most cases of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This case prompted us to prospectively study the frequency of immature lymphocyte populations in children with ITP. Fourteen patients with acute ITP and five with other conditions were studied. The two groups were comparable with respect to age: ITP mean, 4.3 (range 0.3-15.5) years; control mean, 5.8 (0.6-13.8) years. The ITP group had a significantly higher percentage of CD10 positive bone marrow lymphocytes (p = 0.007). Five of the 10 patients younger than 4 years of age in the ITP group had CD10 levels of greater than 30%, which is in the leukemic range, whereas none of the control patients had a CD10 levels of greater than 17% (p = 0.003). There was good correlation between CD10 positivity and B4 positivity indicating that both of these markers arise from the same population of immature B-lymphocytes. None of the ITP patients who were older than 4 years had a CD10 level of greater than 30%. We conclude that it is common to have an increase in the proportion of immature lymphocytes in the marrow of young children with ITP. The cause of this increase in CD10 positive cells is unknown.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Elevated common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen expression in pediatric immune thrombocytopenic purpura. 182 72

To detect more precisely the minimal residual disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), two-color flow cytometric analysis for the detection of cell-surface antigen (CD10; CALLA) and nuclear terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) was performed in the six patients with CALLA-positive ALL coexpressing TdT. In all patients, the leukemic blasts coexpressed Ia (HLA-DR), CD9, CD19, CD20, CD24, and CD10. Five of six patients achieved complete remission, but one has so far relapsed. No leukemic blasts (CD10+, TdT+) were detected at the time of complete remission. During maintenance chemotherapy, leukemic blasts coexpressed C10 and TdT were found 2.32% in the patient's peripheral blood by two-color analysis, whereas no obvious leukemic cells were recognized morphologically. The patient relapsed leukemia with the same phenotype 4 weeks after the examination. On the basis of our findings, we suggest that two-color flow cytometric analysis with the use of these antibodies is quite valuable to detect the minimal residual leukemic cells in a patient with ALL. The reduction of leukemic cells below the threshold of detection of methods currently available appears to be necessary to achieve a cure in ALL. Hence accurate diagnosis of ALLs with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) should contribute substantially to the development of an effective form of therapy for their cure.
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PMID:Detection of minimal residual disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia by flow cytometry with monoclonal antibodies. 183 4

Neutrophil research relies largely on studies with highly purified cells. Yet the isolation procedures induce changes in surface expression of several proteins. We used a large panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to characterize in detail the phenotypic changes during isolation and stimulation of human neutrophils. Centrifugation on density gradients appears to be the crucial step that causes an increase in expression of antigens not detectable on neutrophils in whole blood samples (cytochrome b558 recognized by MoAb 7D5; and CD10) or expressed at significantly lower levels (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, CD13, CD16, CD45, and CD67). Other antigens were unaffected by the density gradient centrifugation step (CD32, CD54, CD58, Leu-8, HLA class I). Upregulation of antigens was also determined by stimulation of purified neutrophils. Upregulation of CD63 was an excellent marker for release from azurophil granules. We subsequently related the surface antigen expression to functional activities of purified neutrophils. From these experiments, we concluded that 7D5-as "early activation" marker--does not necessarily discriminate between primed or resting neutrophils with respect to NADPH oxidase activity.
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PMID:Membrane surface antigen expression on neutrophils: a reappraisal of the use of surface markers for neutrophil activation. 190 73

Dual-parameter flow cytometric analysis of B-cell antigens and DNA content was used to determine the phenotypes of proliferating tumor cells (S-phase cells) from 30 patients with multiple myeloma. B4 (CD19), J5 (CALLA, CD10), B1 (CD20), and monotypic surface immunoglobulin (Slg) were expressed heterogeneously in 24 patients. J5 and monotypic Slg were found most frequently but were always expressed on a significantly lower percentage of cells than the antigens typically associated with plasma cells, cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (Clg) and T10 (CD38). S-phase cells were found in each antigen(+) subset. B antigen(+) cycling cells were demonstrated in 16 patients whose marrow or blood cells expressed B antigens exclusively in the hyperdiploid fraction and therefore were certainly part of the myeloma clone. Similar to the low level of proliferative activity of the T10(+), Clg(+), and PCA1(+) subsets, the percentages of cycling cells of the preplasma cell B-antigen-bearing myeloma subsets ranged from less than 1% to 12%. The tumor cells of four patients were also studied with dual-color surface antigen analysis and demonstrated independent expression of B antigens, with only rare coexpression of T10 and monotypic Slg, J5, or B4. These findings are consistent with the presence of distinct myeloma subsets bearing differing B phenotypes in the same tumor and provide evidence that the proliferation in myeloma is occurring at various developmental stages in the malignant B lineage. These antigens may be important targets for immunologic therapy aimed at eliminating the entire proliferating compartment of this B-cell tumor.
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PMID:B-cell surface phenotypes of proliferating myeloma cells: target antigens for immunotherapy. 230 68

Expression of the protooncogene, c-myb, in various subpopulations of normal human hematopoietic cells was characterized. Cells expressing the immature cell surface marker, CD34 (My10), were isolated by immune adherence with the "panning" technique or immunomagnetic microspheres and were shown to be strongly positive for c-myb protein expression in an immunoperoxidase assay. The CD34+ progenitor cell population was further separated into myeloid plus erythroid progenitors (CD34+, CD10-) v B-lymphoid precursors (coexpressing CD34 and CD10) by two-color FACS. Both CD34+ progenitor cell subsets strongly expressed c-myb protein by the immunoperoxidase assay. A flow cytometric assay was then developed which permitted simultaneous detection of a cell-surface antigen (to characterize lineage and stage of maturation) and the nuclear oncoprotein. This assay confirmed that CD34+ cells were strongly positive for c-myb expression and also allowed quantitative comparisons of c-myb expression in selected populations of other normal hematopoietic cells. Most human bone marrow cells appear to express some level of c-myb protein, although the CD34+ progenitor cell population expresses the highest amount.
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PMID:Expression of protooncogene c-myb in normal human hematopoietic cells. 246 91

Pretreatment peripheral and/or bone marrow blasts from 14 patients with acute unclassifiable leukemia (AUL) expressing myeloid related cell-surface antigen (CDII) or megakaryocyte-platelet related cell-surface antigen (OKM6), were isolated for further analysis in this study. Among 11 cases of CD11+AUL, despite a lack of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, one patient's blasts possessed Auer rod in a basophilic cytoplasm and another one's blasts expressed MPO maintaining the same surface phenotype after 20 months of his clinical course. The blast from 2 cases possessed both myelomonocytic and monocyte-specific antigens on the cell-surface, whereas the remaining nine cases completely lacked monocyte-specific antigen which is detectable by monoclonal antibodies, Mo2, My4 and Leu M3 (CD14). In addition, we revealed the presence of MPO protein in the cytoplasm of 3 cases of AUL patients by cytoplasmic immunofluorescence test utilizing monoclonal antibody (MA1). Following these results, the former was diagnosed as acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMoL) and the latter as acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) by immunophenotypic analysis using flow cytometry (FACS IV) and cytoplasmic immunofluorescence test. We have also described three cases of acute megakaryocytic leukemia which were demonstrated by the presence of megakaryocyte-platelet-related cell-surface antigens detected by utilizing flow cytometry and monoclonal antibodies in addition to both the PPO activity which was shown by ultrastructural cytochemistry, and the emergence of differentiation antigens while culturing these leukemic cells. The blast of 1 case possessed both platelet GPIb and GPIIb/IIIa cell-surface antigens detected by 5F1 (CD36), AN51 (CDw42), and J15, P2 and HPL2 (CDw41), respectively, whereas the remaining two cases almont lacked the GPIb cell-surface antigen. Hence, the former was diagnosed as immature (pro) megakaryocytic leukemia and the latter as acute megakaryoblastic leukemia from the viewpoint of immunophenotypic analysis as will be discussed in this article. These leukemic blasts did not express both T-cell lineage antigens which are detectable by monoclonal antibodies, T6 (CD1), T11 (CD2), T3 (CD3), T4 (CD4), T1 (CD5), Tp40, Leu9 (CD7), T8 (CD8), and B-cell lineage antigens which are detectable by monoclonal antibodies, B4 (CD19), B1 (CD20), B2 (CD21) and J5 (CD10).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Flow cytometric analysis of myeloperoxidase negative acute unclassifiable leukemias by monoclonal antibodies. Acute myelogenous and acute megakaryocytic leukemia]. 254 Dec 76

A subset of normal peripheral B lymphocytes expresses a T surface antigen recognized by monoclonal CD5. They form rosettes with mouse erythrocytes (MRBC). Other studies suggest that these B cells may have regulatory and helper properties. An expanded subset of lymphocytes forming MRBC was demonstrated in the peripheral blood of 31 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients (14.4 +/- 2.8%) compared with normal controls (4.3 +/- 1.4%) and patients with tuberculosis (6.4 +/- 1.7%). Increased MRBC values correlated with disease severity. Investigation of cell surface antigen expression was attempted with enriched sedimented fractions using several monoclonal antibodies and immunofluorescent staining. Complete inhibition of MRBC formation was obtained with monoclonal antibodies against CD5, CD3 and CD8 while partial inhibition was observed with anti-Ia and no activity with CD4 and CD10 antibodies. Indirect evidence supports the concept that antilymphocyte antibodies cause T and B cell depletion and dysfunction. Sera from 12 patients with SLE and 28 with leprosy (LL) were analyzed for antibodies to lymphocytes in the microcytotoxicity assay: 87% of SLE and 57% of LL were positive. Lymphocytotoxic activity towards each cell type of a panel with 98 different HLA antigens was essentially the same and most sera were not specific for either T or B cells. Lymphocytotoxic sera from SLE and LL contained antibodies which inhibited MRBC formation.
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PMID:[Lymphocyte imbalance in autoimmunity]. 264 Apr 77


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