Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.24.11 (CD10)
 9,792 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute leukemia was diagnosed in 62 adults and children over a recent 13-month period. Using light microscopy, cytochemical profiles, surface markers, and cytogenetics, 25 cases were classified as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 32 as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The remaining 5 cases of de novo acute leukemia were unclassifiable. The routine cytochemical battery used on these 62 cases included: myeloperoxidase, sudan black B, nonspecific esterase, and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Flow markers utilized were: T3, T4, T5, T8, T10, T11, B1, B4, kappa, lambda, Ia, CALLA, Mo1, Mo2, My4, My7, My8, and My9. TdT was performed by immunoperoxidase and ELISA methods. The five unclassified cases were cytochemically negative and expressed no B- or T-cell-specific antigens, or TdT positivity. The morphologic differential diagnosis was between FAB L-2 and M-1. Karyotypic abnormalities involving chromosomes 3 and 7 were suggestive of myeloid origin in 2 of 4 patients studied. Flow cytometry demonstrated My7 on greater than 50% of blasts from two cases. Myeloperoxidase ultracytochemistry showed reaction product in small primary granules of blasts from all 5 cases. Positive cells contained only 1-2 granules/cell profile. The number of positive cells per case was in the range 10-20%. We conclude from this study that ultracytochemistry is very useful in providing definitive diagnosis and accurate subclassification of some AML FAB M-1 cases, particularly when light microscopic cytochemistry, cytogenetics, and flow cytometric markers are noncontributory. We propose to designate these acute "unclassified" leukemias as AML FAB M-1 "microgranular" type.
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PMID:Acute myeloid leukemia, FAB M-1 microgranular variant: a multiparameter study. 254 66

We compared the immunophenotypic and karyotypic features of 25 cases of minimally differentiated acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M0) with those of 247 cases comprising all AML French-American-British (FAB) classification. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) was detectable with a specific monoclonal antibody in all cases of AML-M0, whereas CD13 and CD33 were both negative in 4 of the 25 cases. Thus, anti-MPO reliably detects minimal myeloid differentiation in AML-M0. CD34 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) were more frequently expressed in AML-M0 (96% and 68% of the cases, respectively) than in the other FAB subsets (P < .001 for both). By contrast, GP-170 and CD7 were less frequently expressed in AML-M0 than in FAB classes such as M1, M4, and M5 (P = .02 and .003, respectively). A total of 80% of AML-M0 cases carried lymphoid markers (including TdT), and 48% showed a coordinate positivity for two or more of them. CD2, CD5, CD10, and CD19 were expressed in a similar fashion among the different FAB groups, whereas CD4 expression was significantly more frequent in AML-M0, AML-M4, and AML-M5 (P = .014). AML-M0 was characterized by a more frequent occurrence of complex karyotypes. In addition, approximately 20% of cases had TdT positivity, complex karyotypes, and anomalies of chromosome 5 and/or 7, a pattern not observed in the other FAB subsets. Finally, 80% of anomalies of chromosome 5 and/or 7 in AML-M0 were comprised within complex karyotypes, whereas only 13% of the remaining FAB cases carried this feature. In summary, AML-M0 frequently expresses immunophenotypic and karyotypic aspects that are likely to identify a "stem cell" pattern.
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PMID:Minimally differentiated acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M0): comparison of 25 cases with other French-American-British subtypes. 900 66

We studied immunophenotypic features of 30 cases of minimally differentiated acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M0) using multiparameter flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry and evaluated the immunophenotypic features of previously reported cases to facilitate correct identification of myeloid lineage. All but 1 of our 30 cases expressed CD13 and/or CD33; 2 expressed CD19; 1 expressed CD10; none expressed both CD10 and CD19. Eleven of 30 cases expressed T-cell-associated antigens. All but 2 cases expressed CD34 and/or HLA-DR. Twelve of 27 cases expressed terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) expression was seen in 22 of 22 cases by immunohistochemistry and 1 of 4 by flow cytometry. None of 27 cases expressed cyCD3 and cyCD79a. We propose following modified criteria for AML-M0: (1) standard criteria for acute leukemia; (2) undetectable or less than 3% MPO or Sudan black B staining in blasts; (3) lack of expression of lymphoid-specific antigens, cyCD3 for T lineage and cyCD79 and cyCD22 for B lineage; and (4) positivity for any of the myelomonocytic lineage antigens known not to be expressed on normal T or B lymphocytes or positivity for MPO as detected by ultrastructural cytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, or flow cytometry.
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PMID:Diagnostic criteria for minimally differentiated acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M0). Evaluation and a proposal. 1139 85

A 71-year-old man presented to our dermatological clinic with a 3-month history of a wound on his leg. He complained of weakness for the past few months. On his dermatological examination he had a 3x3-cm necrotic ulcer on his left tibia (Figure 1). On physical examination, there was 1 x 1-cm axillary lymphadenopathy. There was no other lymph node enlargement, hepatosplenomegaly, or gingival hypertrophy. Peripheral blood results showed 2.4x103/mm3 leukocytes (normal range 4-11 x 103/mm3) with 66% neutrophils. The hemoglobin value was 10.1 g/dL (13-18 g/dL), and the platelet count was 63x103/mm3 (150-440 x 103/mm3). No blasts were detected in a peripheral blood smear. His lactate dehydrogenase level was 567 U/L (240-480 U/L). All other results of blood chemistry were within normal limits. Punch biopsy of the skin lesion showed ulceration and dense dermal acute and chronic inflammation. There was a superficial and deep perivascular and periadnexal infiltrate of neoplastic cells composed of relatively abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large nuclei with blastic chromatin and occasional small nucleoli (Figure 2). Mitotic figures were prominent. Immunohistochemical stains were performed, and the neoplastic cells were CD3, CD20, CD138, and S100 protein negative. Myeloperoxidase and CD68 were positive. The histopathological findings were consistent with leukemic infiltration. Examination of bone marrow biopsy revealed that the blastic cells constituted more than 20% of the bone marrow cellularity. Cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow aspiration with fluorescence in situ hybridization was negative for inversion 16, t(8;21) and t(15;7). Histochemical stains for myeloperoxidase, sudan black, periodic acid-Schiff, and alpha naphthyl acetate were also negative. Blastic cells were DR, CD13, CD117, and CD34 positive and CD5, CD7, CD10, CD14, CD19, CD20, CD33, CD41, CD56, CD64, and CD79 negative according to flow cytometry immunophenotyping. Blastic cells were 35% in the bone marrow. Based on the findings of bone marrow examination, the patient was diagnosed as having acute myeloblastic leukeamia (AML) with minimal differentiation (subtype MO) according to French-American-British and World Health Organization classification. The examination of abdominal ultrasonography and thorocic and abominal computed tomography revealed no metastases. The patient was treated with chemotherapy that consisted of cytarabin and daunorubicin. After chemotherapy, the lesion regressed. One month after chemotherapy, the patient presented to the hospital with a complaint of fever. He was diagnosed with febrile neutropenia. He died of cardiac failure 12 months after appearance of skin infiltration.
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PMID:Necrotic ulcer: a manifestation of leukemia cutis. 2254 28