Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.24.11 (CD10)
 9,792 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Multipotent neural stem cells (NSCs) present in the developing neural tube (E10.5, neuroepithelial cells; NEP) were examined for the expression of candidate stem cell markers, and the expression of these markers was compared with later appearing precursor cells (E14.5) that can be distinguished by the expression of embryonic neural cell adhesion molecule (E-NCAM) and A2B5. NEP cells possess gap junctions, express connexins, and appear to lack long cilia. Most candidate markers, including Nestin, Presenilin, Notch, and Numb, were expressed by both NEP cells as well as other cell populations. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), Frizzled 9 (Fz9), and SRY box-containing gene 2 (Sox2) as assessed by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization are markers that appear to distinguish NSCs from other precursor cells. Neither Hoechst 33342 nor rhodamine-123 staining, telomerase (Tert) expression, telomerase activity, or breakpoint cluster region protein 1 (Bcrp1) transporter expression could be used to distinguish NEP stem cells from other dividing cells. NEP cells, however, lacked expression of several lineage markers that are expressed by later appearing cells. These included absence of expression of CD44, E-NCAM, A2B5, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFR alpha), suggesting that negative selection using cell surface epitopes could be used to isolate stem cell populations from mixed cultures of cells. Using mixed cultures of cells isolated from E14.5 stage embryos, we show that NEP cells can be enriched by depleting differentiating cells that express E-NCAM or A2B5 immunoreactivity. Overall, our results show that a spectrum of markers used in combination can reliably distinguish multipotent NSCs from other precursor cells as well as differentiated cells present in the CNS.
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PMID:Properties of a fetal multipotent neural stem cell (NEP cell). 1243 54

Mammary small cell carcinoma (SmCC) is a very rare neoplasm with a poor prognosis compared with other invasive carcinomas. We studied the histological and immunohistochemical profiles of two cases of mammary SmCC, and compared them with those of five cases of carcinoma with endocrine features (CEF) and five cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), to elucidate the correct diagnosis of mammary SmCC. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed with antibodies against cytokeratins (CKAE1/AE3, CK34betaE12, CKCAM5.2, CK7, CK8, CK19, CK20), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), vimentin, CD10, neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM; CD56), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), chromogranin A, S-100 protein, carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), E-cadherin, N-cadherin, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), p53, estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), HER2/neu, bcl-2, synaptophysin, calcitonin and Leu7. SmCCs were diffusely and strongly positive for NCAM in comparison with CEFs and IDCs. SmCCs were negative for vimentin, whereas CEFs and IDCs were positive. Neuro-endocrine carcinomas, including SmCCs and CEFs, were diffusely and strongly positive for NSE, compared with IDCs. Moreover, neuroendocrine carcinomas were negative for CK34betaE12, CK20 and CD10, whereas IDCs were positive. Our study suggests that NCAM and vimentin are useful markers for the diagnosis of mammary SmCC. CK34betaE12, NSE, CD10, CK20 and chromogranin A appear to be useful for differentiating neuroendocrine carcinoma from IDCs.
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PMID:Comparative study of primary mammary small cell carcinoma, carcinoma with endocrine features and invasive ductal carcinoma. 1501 Aug 80

A case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to a capillary hemangioblastoma (HAB) of the central nervous system in a 52-year-old woman with von Hippel-Lindau (vHL) syndrome is described. We review the literature on metastatic RCC to HAB, summarize the histologic and immunohistochemical features that can distinguish between the 2 tumors, and comment on the significance of such a finding in terms of the clinical diagnosis of vHL. We found the expression of CAM 5.2, RCC antigen, and CD10 to be strong in RCC and absent in HAB and, conversely, staining with Leu-7, neural cell adhesion molecule, and inhibin-alpha was present in HAB but weak or absent in RCC. These antibodies can be used to differentiate these entities, provided one is astute in recognizing the possibility of their coexistence.
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PMID:Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to hemangioblastoma in von Hippel-Lindau disease. 1742 99

Among B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, neural cell adhesion molecule/CD56 expression is exceptional. In this study, seven cases of CD56-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are described. The frequency of CD56-positive DLBCL was 7% in our hospital. Four of seven (57.1%) cases expressed both CD10 and bcl-6 suggestive of a germinal center B-cell phenotype. Six of seven (85.7%) cases expressed bcl-6. Two cases expressed aberrant T cell-associated antigens, one each of CD7 and CD8. However, none of these seven cases showed CD5 expression. No significant difference was observed between CD56-positive and CD56-negative DLBCL in terms of the five international prognostic index risk factors. However, all seven cases had at least one extranodal involvement and showed a good response to initial treatment. The predominance of extranodal involvement in our series may be associated with the adhesion-related function of CD56. A high frequency of bcl-6 expression may be associated with a more favorable clinical course and prognosis.
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PMID:CD56-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: possible association with extranodal involvement and bcl-6 expression. 2055 74