Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.4.24.11 (CD10)
9,792 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas is a very rare tumor. It most commonly occurs in young women and has unique pathologic features. Previous immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that most solid-pseudopapillary neoplasms were immunoreactive with antibodies directed against vimentin and neuron-specific enolase. Recently, expression of CD10 and CD56 in this tumor has been reported. In this report, we expanded the demographic profile, highlighting 3 cases of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas that presented in an elderly woman, a young man, and a young woman and further characterized them histologically and immunophenotypically. Grossly, all 3 tumors were well circumscribed and had a variable degree of cystic formation, necrosis, and hemorrhage. Microscopically, these tumors were characterized by a pseudopapillary pattern of epithelioid cells arranged around a delicate fibrovascular core with sheets of bland epithelioid cells filling cystic spaces. Hyaline globules, cholesterol granulomas, and foamy cells were all seen to be common findings. Although these 3 tumors were strongly immunoreactive for vimentin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, neuron-specific enolase, CD10, CD56, and progesterone receptor, they demonstrated only variable "positivity" for epithelial membrane antigen and broad-spectrum cytokeratin, but were being consistently nonreactive for synaptophysin, insulin, glucogon, chromogranin A, and estrogen receptor. Interestingly, 2 of the 3 tumors were S-100 protein and melanin A reactive but were nonreactive for HMB45.
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PMID:Solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas: Three cases with a literature review. 1712 44

The main neoplasms in the differential diagnosis for primary ovarian tumors with a tubule-rich pattern are pure Sertoli cell tumor, endometrioid tumors (including borderline tumor, well-differentiated carcinoma, and the sertoliform variant of endometrioid carcinoma), and carcinoid tumor. Because traditional immunohistochemical markers [pan-cytokeratin (pan-CK), low molecular weight cytokeratin (CK8/18), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), inhibin, calretinin, CD99, chromogranin, and synaptophysin] can occasionally have diagnostic limitations, the goal of this study was to determine whether or not any alternative markers [cytokeratin 7 (CK7), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), CD10, and CD56] have better diagnostic utility when compared with traditional markers for this differential diagnosis. Immunohistochemical stains for alternative, as well as traditional, markers were performed on the following primary ovarian tumors: pure Sertoli cell tumor (n = 40), endometrioid borderline tumor (n = 38), sertoliform endometrioid carcinoma (n = 13), well-differentiated endometrioid carcinoma (n = 27), and carcinoid tumor (n = 42). Extent and intensity of immunostaining were semiquantitatively scored. In addition, immunohistochemical composite scores (ICSs) in positive cases were calculated on the basis of the combination of extent and intensity scores. Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) was positive in 97% of endometrioid tumors, 13% of Sertoli cell tumors, and 24% of carcinoid tumors. The differences in the mean ICSs for endometrioid tumors versus Sertoli cell tumor or carcinoid tumor were statistically significant (P values ranging from <0.001 to 0.018). ER and PR were positive in 87% and 86% of endometrioid tumors, 8% and 13% of Sertoli cell tumors, and 2% each of carcinoid tumors, respectively. The differences in the mean ICSs for endometrioid tumors versus Sertoli cell tumor were statistically significant (P values ranging from <0.001 to 0.012). Among the epithelial markers, EMA seemed to be the most discriminatory but only slightly better than CK7, ER, or PR. Pan-CK and CK8/18 were not helpful. CD10 showed overlapping patterns of expression in all categories of tumors. Among the sex cord markers, CD10 was markedly less useful than inhibin or calretinin; CD99 was not discriminatory. CD56 showed overlapping patterns of expression in all categories of tumors. Among the neuroendocrine markers, CD56 was less useful than chromogranin or synaptophysin. When traditional immunohistochemical markers are problematic for the differential diagnosis of ovarian Sertoli cell tumor versus endometrioid tumors versus carcinoid tumor, adding CK7, ER, and/or PR to a panel of markers can be helpful. Endometrioid tumors more frequently express CK7, ER, and PR and show a greater extent of immunostaining in contrast to Sertoli cell tumor and carcinoid tumor. Compared with traditional epithelial markers, CK7, ER, and PR are nearly as advantageous as EMA. Inhibin is the most discriminatory sex cord marker, and CD10 is not helpful in the differential diagnosis. Chromogranin and synaptophysin are excellent discriminatory markers for carcinoid tumor, and CD56 is neither sufficiently sensitive nor specific enough for this differential diagnosis to warrant its use in routine practice.
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PMID:Comparative analysis of alternative and traditional immunohistochemical markers for the distinction of ovarian sertoli cell tumor from endometrioid tumors and carcinoid tumor: A study of 160 cases. 1725 71

Sporadic cases of a particular group of renal cancers associated with a translocation involving Xp11.2, known as the TFE3 transcription factor gene, have been reported in the last 20 years. The group was also classified in 2004 WHO kidney carcinoma classifications. A 79-year-old male patient was investigated at the outpatient department for gross intermittent hematuria. Sonography showed a spherical left kidney with increased total size, without evidence of the corticomedullary differentiation due to parenchymal dyshomogeneity with a neoplasm aspect. CT confirmed the sonographic left kidney findings and showed gross node involvement. Angiography did not show any pathological arterial circulation, but massive thrombotic involvement of the renal vein was evident. Radical nephrectomy with thrombectomy and staging lymphectomy were performed. At pathological examination the kidney parenchyma was completely substituted by white firm tissue. Microscopically the tumor was composed of papillary structures lined by epithelial cells with a clear cytoplasm. Multiple node metastases were found. Immunohistochemical examination showed negativity for epithelial markers (cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen) and reactivity for CD10 and TFE3. The genetic and histological aspects of this rare tumor are reported. In addition, we describe clinical, radiological and surgical findings.
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PMID:A case of renal cancer with TFE3 gene fusion in an elderly man. Clinical, radiological and surgical findings. 1729 62

We report the clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical findings of a case with non-papillary serous cystadenoma of the epididymis. The tumor was a unilocular cyst with a thin fibrous capsule, lined by cuboidal or columnar epithelium containing ciliated cells, mostly arranged in a single layer. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK) AE1/AE3 and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), strongly positive for CK7, progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), vimentin, CA-125 and S-100 protein. The cells did not stain for CK20 and CD10. Morphological and immunohistochemical features suggested a mullerian differentiation, possibly originated from vestigial remnants of the Muller duct. This tumor is one of the rare benign lesions which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a swelling in the epididymal region.
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PMID:Serous cystadenoma of the epididymis of common epithelial ovarian type: case report with an immunohistochemical study. 1731 78

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is rare entity and has been described only recently. By immunohistochemistry and genetics it belongs to the family of tumours which comprises angiomyolipoma, clear cell "sugar" tumor of lung, lymphangioleiomyomatosis and clear cell myomelanotic tumor of ligamentum falciforme/teres hepatis. We describe an unusual case of hepatic PEComa arising in a 55-year-old woman with previous history of glioblastoma. Histologically the tumor grew in expansive way, and was composed of clear and eosinophilic epithelioid cels, without vascular or lipomatous component characteristic of angiomyolipoma. There was mild nuclear pleomorphism, sporadic mitotic activity and haemorrhage without necrosis. On immunohistochemistry, the tumor was HMB-45+50, Melan-A and smooth muscle actin positive. Tyrosinase, S-100 protein, cytokeratin coctail, EMA, vimentin, muscle specific actin, CD10, TTF-1, hepatocyte, desmin and cyclin D1 were negative. Sporadic nuclear p53 positivity was seen. The main differential diagnosis of hepatic PEComa includes clear cell variant of liver cell adenoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, metastases of various clear cell carcinomas and metastasis of malignant melanoma. In respect of uncertain biologic potential of PEComa, long term follow up is indicated.
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PMID:[Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) of the liver: a case report and review of the literature]. 1737 Apr 72

Renal cell carcinomas associated with Xp11.2 translocations ( TFE3 gene fusions) are rare tumors predominantly reported in children. We studied 5 cases of translocation carcinoma in adult patients, 18 years or older (mean age, 32.6 years). Tumors were examined histologically, immunohistochemically, and electron microscopically and correlated with the clinical picture. Most tumors showed solid sheets of clear to eosinophilic cells with rich vasculature and foci of papillary or pseudopapillary architecture. All cases showed strong nuclear positivity for TFE3. Vimentin and CD10 were positive in the cytoplasm. A panel of cytokeratin antibodies, smooth muscle actin, CD45, HMB45, and calretinin were negative. Patients had nonspecific initial complaints and were diagnosed with advanced disease, most with distant metastases. Various treatments met with minimal success. Unlike pediatric patients, the adult patients followed a rapidly terminal course, with a mean survival of 18 months after diagnosis (range, 10-24 months).
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PMID:Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma with very aggressive course in five adults. 1758 Feb 72

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may present in various ways, but only very rarely with symptoms of distant metastases or evolve from ectopic liver tissue. This report describes a case of a 62-year-old white man who was admitted for hemoptysis and a large left chest wall mass that was growing for about a year. The patient underwent Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the mass that revealed poorly differentiated large-cell carcinoma. A lung primary was suspected initially; however, further workup of this patient showed an elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level of 16,425 ng/ml. A computerized tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen showed cirrhotic liver, evidence of esophageal varices, but no evidence of a liver mass. The FNA findings were reviewed and ancillary studies were performed, including pan cytokeratin (AE1/3), Hepatocyte Paraffin 1 (HepPar-1), AFP, CD10, CD34, and polyclonal CEA. The results confirmed the diagnoses of HCC probably from occult primary or from ectopic liver tissue. The former was suggested, since serum AFP was dropped to 6,640 ng/ml following resection of the tumor. We concluded that HCC should be considered in the list of differential diagnosis of chest wall mass. HCC may present as metastatic disease from a clinically and radiologically unrecognized liver mass. FNA, coupled with ancillary studies, provides a rapid and accurate diagnostic tool in challenging cases.
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PMID:Cytomorphology of a solitary left chest wall mass: an unusual presentation from unknown primary hepatocellular carcinoma. 1770 51

Solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas occurs preferentially in young women and has a favorable prognosis. Differentiation of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm from pancreatic endocrine neoplasm or adenocarcinoma can be difficult in the small biopsy specimen because they share common morphological features and immunoprofiles. Alterations of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)/beta-catenin pathway have been identified as a genetic event contributing to the development of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm. In the present study, to establish the diagnostic utility of beta-catenin and E-cadherin as markers for solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm, we performed immunohistochemical staining in 4 core biopsy specimens diagnosed as solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm and in tissue microarray blocks that contained histologically confirmed samples of 302 cases of adenocarcinoma, 56 cases of pancreatic endocrine neoplasm, and 50 cases of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm. We compared the immunohistochemical results for beta-catenin and E-cadherin with those for known markers. Of the solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm cases, 51 (94.4%) were positive for nuclear beta-catenin, 45 (83.3%) were positive for CD10, 30 (55.5%) were positive for CD56, 15 (27.8%) were positive for synaptophysin, 3 (5.6%) were positive for cytokeratin (CK), and none was positive for E-cadherin and chromogranin. Of the adenocarcinoma cases, all were positive for CK, 300 (99.3%) were positive for E-cadherin, 30 (9.9%) were positive for CD10, 2 (0.7%) were positive for synaptophysin, 1 (0.3%) was positive for CD56, and none was positive for chromogranin and nuclear expression of beta-catenin. Of the pancreatic endocrine neoplasm cases, 54 (96.4%) were positive for synaptophysin and E-cadherin, 50 (89.3%) were positive for chromogranin, 26 (46.4%) were positive for CK, 15 (26.8%) were positive for CD56, 6 (10.7%) were positive for CD10, and none was positive for nuclear expression of beta-catenin. In conclusion, nuclear expression of beta-catenin and loss of E-cadherin can be used in the definite diagnosis of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm on small biopsy specimens. CD10 immunopositivity should be carefully interpreted in the diagnosis of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm because pancreatic adenocarcinoma or pancreatic endocrine neoplasm can also stain for CD10.
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PMID:Loss of E-cadherin and cytoplasmic-nuclear expression of beta-catenin are the most useful immunoprofiles in the diagnosis of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas. 1870 51

Even though immunohistochemical comparisons of microcystic adnexal carcinoma vs infiltrative basal cell carcinoma and desmoplastic trichoepithelioma exist, they are mostly restricted to the use of a single stain. In addition, a comparison with squamous cell carcinoma has not been reported previously. In this study, we compare the expression of cytokeratin (CK) 15, CK7, CK20, CK903, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CD10, CD15 and BerEP4 in 13 microcystic adnexal carcinoma, eight desmoplastic trichoepithelioma, 10 infiltrative basal cell carcinoma, and eight squamous cell carcinoma of which five exhibited ductal differentiation. We found that the majority of microcystic adnexal carcinoma (92%) and desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (100%) cases expressed CK15 while the infiltrative basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma cases were all negative. Forty percent of infiltrative basal cell carcinoma expressed CK7; while only two microcystic adnexal carcinoma cases (15%) and one squamous cell carcinoma with ductal differentiation (12%) expressed CK7 in the remaining three tumor categories. None of the desmoplastic trichoepithelioma expressed CK7. All tumors were strongly positive for CK903. While the neoplastic cells were negative, luminal staining of ductal structures was noted for CK7, CD15 and CEA in some of the microcystic adnexal carcinoma, desmoplastic trichoepithelioma and squamous cell carcinoma with ductal differentiation cases. Sixty percent of infiltrative basal cell carcinoma, 31% of microcystic adnexal carcinoma, and 25% of squamous cell carcinoma express CD10. BerEP4 expression was noted in 38% of microcystic adnexal carcinoma, 57% of desmoplastic trichoepithelioma, 100% of infiltrative basal cell carcinoma, and 38% of squamous cell carcinoma. In conclusion, we found CK15 to be a useful marker in distinguishing microcystic adnexal carcinoma from infiltrative basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma with ductal differentiation. Our experience indicates that microcystic adnexal carcinoma and desmoplastic trichoepithelioma have a similar immunohistochemical profile that is, CK15+ and BerEP4+/-; thus, additional studies are needed to separate these two entities.
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PMID:Microcystic adnexal carcinoma: an immunohistochemical reappraisal. 1806 59

Uterine carcinosarcoma (malignant mixed Mullerian tumor) is an uncommon female genital tract neoplasm characterized by an admixture of epithelial and stromal malignant cells. We report a case of 50-year-old peri-menopausal woman diagnosed to have early-stage (IB due to FIGO) uterine carcinosarcoma of the homologous type with superficial (3mm) myo-invasion. The patient showed no clinical symptoms of the disease and had no family history of female genital tract malignancies. Positive immunostaining for steroid receptors (estrogen-alpha and progesterone receptors), cytokeratin, and EGFR was detected only in the carcinomatous area, whereas beta-catenin, BCL-2, COX-2, p16(INK4a), PTEN, RB-1, and vimentin were immunoreactive in both components. Androgen receptor, CD10, desmin, HER-2/neu, and P53 were found to be negative either in the carcinomatous or in the sarcomatous area. Tumor proliferative activity was higher in the carcinomatous (25%) than in the sarcomatous (2%) component. Based on these findings, immunohistochemical evaluation of multiple receptor status in the carcinomatous and sarcomatous areas of carcinosarcoma may provide a clue to the pathogenesis and hormonal receptor status of this uncommon uterine malignancy.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical analysis of carcinomatous and sarcomatous components in the uterine carcinosarcoma: a case report. 1820 53


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