Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.24.11 (CD10)
 9,792 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Renal neoplasms comprise several distinct clinicopathologic entities with potential prognostic and the rapeutic differences. Although careful morphologic examination using sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin will allow for the correct diagnosis in the majority of cases, there is sufficient overlap between several entities such that ancillary techniques may be necessary to arrive at the correct diagnosis. In routine diagnostic surgical pathology practice of renal tumors, immunohistochemistry is the foremost ancillary technique. Using an approach based on common histologic patterns (tumors with clear cytoplasm, granular cytoplasm, tubulopapillary architecture, spindle cell morphology, small round-cell morphology, and infiltrating poorly differentiated carcinoma), we will discuss the utility of immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of renal neoplasms. In recent years, needle biopsies from renal masses are being increasingly performed. In these small biopsies, the entire range of cytoarchitectural features that are generally necessary to make a diagnosis may not be fully appreciated. Immunohistochemistry may be helpful in this setting to narrow the differential diagnosis or to arrive at a definitive diagnosis. Finally, the use of immunohistochemistry for the confirmation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma presenting at distant sites will be discussed. Panels of immunohistochemical stains are proposed for different settings, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC) marker, CD10, and vimentin to suggest renal origin of a metastatic tumor, and markers to aid in subclassification of RCC, including parvalbumin and c-kit for chromophobe RCC, and cytokeratin 7 and alpha-methyl-acyl-CoA racemase for papillary RCC.
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PMID:An immunohistochemical approach to the differential diagnosis of renal tumors. 1651 99

We present an unusual renal tumor, which has not been classified under a known subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and characteristically shows similar histology to thyroid follicular carcinoma. The patient was a 32-year-old asymptomatic woman who was found to have a kidney mass during her annual physical examination. She had no lesions in the thyroid during physical and ultrasound examinations, and there was no abnormal thyroid function test. Neither mediastinal nor ovarian abnormalities were observed. The resected kidney showed a well-defined nodular tumor measuring 11.8x8.0x8.0 cm. The mass was protruding into the pelvic cavity with areas of yellowish geographic necrosis. Histologically, the tumor showed follicular architectures with inspissated colloid-like material in their lumina. No conventional (clear cell) RCC or any other known subtypes of RCC component was observed. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed intensive staining for cytokeratin (CK) cocktail AE1/AE3 and CD10 and were not reactive to thyroid transcription factor-1 and thyroglobulin. The staining of CK35betaH11 and vimentin revealed focal cytoplasmic reaction. The tumor cells were completely negative for CK7, CK19, CK20, CK34betaE12, carcinoembryonic antigen, epithelial membrane antigen, and CD15. Chromosomal gains of 7q36, 8q24, 12, 16, 17p11-q11, 17q24, 19q, 20q13, 21q22.3, and Xp and losses of 1p36, 3, and 9q21-33 were detected by comparative genomic hybridization. These findings are dissimilar to previously classified renal neoplasm. Only a report that included three cases of primary thyroid-like renal tumor has been described in the abstract form. However, there is no fully documented case on this unusual form of RCC, which morphologically resembles that of thyroid follicular carcinoma. Herein, we present a new case of thyroid follicular carcinoma-like tumor of the kidney with a chromosomal study and review of the literature.
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PMID:Thyroid follicular carcinoma-like tumor of kidney: a case report with morphologic, immunohistochemical, and genetic analysis. 1653 64

End-stage renal disease is associated with an increased incidence of renal cell neoplasms. Among these, recent studies have identified tumors with unusual histological patterns that do not fit into the categories recognized in the current classification system. These tumors often occur in kidneys with acquired cystic disease and are composed mainly of large eosinophilic cells arranged in solid, cribriform, acinar, or papillary patterns. They also contain deposits of calcium oxalate crystals. We investigated three eosinophilic epithelial tumors arising in kidneys with acquired cystic disease from three patients. Each of the tumors was composed of large eosinophilic cells arranged in solid, acinar, or tubulocystic architecture. Deposits of calcium oxalate crystals were present in each tumor. Hale's colloidal stain showed a positive cytoplasmic reaction in one of the neoplasms. Immunohistochemistry displayed positive results for CD10 (3/3), AE1/AE3 (3/3), alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (2/3), CAM5.2 (2/3), and vimentin (1/3). Reactions for epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin 7, and high molecular weight cytokeratin (34betaE12) were negative. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis showed no losses or gains of chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 10, or 17 in one tumor. There were gains of chromosomes 1, 2, and 6 in two tumors. One of these tumors also showed gains of chromosome 10. Eosinophilic renal cell tumors associated with acquired cystic disease have immunophenotypes and genetic profiles distinct from the renal cell neoplasms recognized in the current classification of renal cell neoplasia, and should be considered as a distinct clinicopathologic entity in the spectrum of renal cell neoplasia.
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PMID:Acquired cystic disease-associated renal tumors: an immunohistochemical and fluorescence in situ hybridization study. 1657 98

We present an extensive immunohistochemical analysis of 7 mammary sarcomas that did not fit into any specific soft tissue sarcoma category. Histologically, they were composed of spindle cells with highly pleomorphic nuclei and abundant mitoses. Our immunohistochemical antibody panel included pan-cytokeratin (CK), basal cell type CKs (34betaE12, CK5/6, CK14, CK17) and vimentin antibodies, antibodies to established (SMA, CD10, p63, S-100, maspin, calponin, GFAP, SM-myosin), and novel (CD29, 14-3-3sigma) myoepithelial markers, as well as antibodies to CD34, desmin, h-caldesmon, steroid receptors (estrogen, progesterone, androgen), and EGFR (Her-1). Whereas CKs, CD34, desmin, and h-caldesmon were not expressed, all tumors were positive for CD10 and vimentin. CD29 and SMA were observed in 3 cases each (43%), and p63 and calponin in 2 cases each (29%). Other myoepithelial markers and steroid receptors were absent, except androgen receptors, which were expressed in one sarcoma. Five sarcomas showed positivity for EGFR. The distinction of specific, histogenetically defined sarcoma entities (such as leiomyosarcoma, angiosarcoma, liposarcoma) from NOS-type sarcoma with CD10 expression is usually clear-cut because the former exhibit a characteristic histomorphology and immunoprofile. Phyllodes tumors with stromal overgrowth or recurrent phyllodes tumors lacking epithelial structures as well as periductal stromal sarcomas can be ruled out by their frequent expression of CD34 and negativity for myoepithelial markers. The most important differential diagnosis is sarcomatoid metaplastic carcinoma because its treatment includes axillary lymphadenectomy. Since some NOS-type sarcomas with CD10 expression and most metaplastic carcinomas show positivity for CD29, SMA, and p63, differential diagnosis can be extremely difficult and requires extensive immunohistochemical evaluation for CKs and additional myoepithelial markers such as S-100, 14-3-3sigma, and maspin. The immunophenotype of NOS-type sarcomas with CD10 expression suggests that these neoplasms represent a mammary sarcoma variant with myoepithelial features.
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PMID:Mammary NOS-type sarcoma with CD10 expression: a rare entity with features of myoepithelial differentiation. 1662 90

Deciduosarcoma is a rare, hormonally dependent neoplasm with features of malignancy, previously reported only in rabbits enrolled in chronic toxicology studies involving estrogens with or without progestins. An exploratory laparotomy was performed on a 6-year-old pet Dutch dwarf rabbit following palpation of a 6-cm-diameter abdominal mass. Grossly, the mass was fleshy and nodular, adhered to but not appearing to originate from the small intestine, with a smaller mass of similar appearance involving the uterus, and an effaced mesenteric lymph node. Histologically, the mass was characterized by spindloid cells and large epithelioid cells with abundant pale eosinophilic vacuolated cytoplasm and an infiltrative pattern of growth. Giant cells with large, bizarre, hyperchromatic nuclei were common. Cells were positive by immunohistochemistry for vimentin and progesterone and estrogen receptors and negative for pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3), cytokeratin 18, desmin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA), and CD10. Based on histologic and immunohistochemical findings, a diagnosis of deciduosarcoma was made.
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PMID:Spontaneous deciduosarcoma in a domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). 1667 89

The discrimination of borderline from malignant primary breast phyllodes (PT) tumor is still unclear. We studied 22 PT cases to investigate the immunohistochemical expression (staining of stromal CD10, SMA [smooth muscle actin], and vimentin) as well as the features of focal glandular atypia to determine whether these correlated with the histopathologic grading system. In our results, the stromal staining of CD10 was positive in 4 of 6 malignant and 2 of 5 borderline PT cases, but negative in all benign PT cases. Stromal actin and intraglandular vimentin-expressive tumor cells were found in 5 of 6 malignant PT cases but not in borderline and benign PT cases. There is a significant difference in the panel of stromal CD10, actin, and vimentin expression between borderline and malignant PT (p<0.05). Besides, the progression of malignant potential breast phyllodes tumor may cause glandular epithelium atypia with loss of polarity.
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PMID:CD10, actin, and vimentin expression in breast phyllodes tumors correlates with tumor grades of the WHO grading system. 1670 73

So-called dedifferentiation in mesenchymal neoplasms of the uterus is very rare. Among conventional low-grade stromal tumors only three cases of dedifferentiation were reported, whereas in mixed stromal-smooth muscle tumors the dedifferentiation was yet not described. Here we present such a case of low-grade mixed stromal-smooth muscle tumor with dedifferentiation. The tumor occurred in 52-years-old postmenopausal patient. The high-grade component representing a dedifferentiation showed morphology of undifferentiated sarcoma with myxoid change. The low-grade component with morphology of mixed stromal-smooth muscle tumor was limited to a few peripheral areas of the lesion. Immunohistochemically, the low-grade component showed typical positivity for CD10, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and focal reactivity for myoid markers, whereas the dedifferentiated component expressed only vimentin, CD10 and estrogen receptor. This case demonstrates that low-grade mixed stromal-smooth muscle tumor of the uterus can dedifferentiate like a pure stromal tumor. It shows that extensive sampling/histological search may be needed for recognition of a minor component in a dedifferentiated tumor.
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PMID:Dedifferentiated mixed stromal-smooth muscle tumor of the uterus. Report of a case. 1671 33

Papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is subclassified in type 1 displaying cells with scanty pale cytoplasm arranged in a single layer and in type 2 showing pseudostratified cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm. However, the existence of more variants of papillary RCC may be inferred by the recognition of few cases with different morphological features. We report the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and interphase cytogenetic features of 12 papillary RCC composed by oncocytes. Ten patients were males and their median age was 67 years. The tumors were well demarcated and their median diameter was 7.1 cm. Solid oncocytoma-like areas occurred in 11 cases. The cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells was filled by mitochondria with lamellar cristae. All cases were positive for the antimitochondrial antigen and racemase and showed variable immunoreactivity for cytokeratins (AE1/AE3, CK8-18, CK7, CK19), EMA, CD10, vimentin, and parvalbumin. MIB1 was detected in 0 to 6 cells per 1 high-power field. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue showed three or more signals for chromosome 7 and 17 (for both > or =30% of nuclei in 7 of 12 neoplasms). In males, signals of chromosome Y were absent in more than 80% of the neoplastic nuclei. One patient died of metastases. Interphase cytogenetic analysis by fluorescent in situ hybridization can be a diagnostic tool in cases mimicking an oncocytoma.
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PMID:Oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and interphase cytogenetic study of 12 cases. 1673 Mar 6

Embryonal sarcoma of the liver is a rare, aggressive malignant tumor that typically occurs in children and teenagers. Microscopic features include spindle, oval, or stellate cells with poorly defined cell borders, nuclear pleomorphism and multinucleation, and variable immunoreactivity to cytokeratin, vimentin, and alpha-1-antitrypsin. Intracellular and extracellular PAS-positive, diastase-resistant hyaline globules are commonly present. The authors evaluated a panel of IHC stains to better define the pattern of immunoreactivity in this tumor. Embryonal sarcomas of the liver were identified from archival files and were immunostained with antibodies: cytokeratin AE1/3, hepatocyte, SMMS, myogenin, calponin, h-caldesmon, desmin, S100, vimentin, CD34, C-kit (CD117), CD10, ALK-1, PE10, Bcl2, p53, and Ki-67. Six cases were identified. Patient age ranged from 6 to 24 years. Tumors ranged from 10 to 20 cm and contained spindled and epithelioid areas with PAS-positive, diastase-resistant globules and atypical cells with focal multinucleation. All cases showed immunoreactivity with vimentin and five showed immunoreactivity with Bcl2. Focal immunoreactivity was seen with cytokeratin AE1/3 in three cases, CD10 in four, calponin in two, desmin in one, and p53 in four. All tumors were negative with hepatocyte, myogenin, CD34, SMMS, h-caldesmon, PE10, ALK-1, and S100. No cytoplasmic staining was seen with C-kit. The proliferation index ranged from 30% to 95%. The diagnosis of embryonal sarcoma is based on typical morphologic features in a large liver tumor occurring in a young patient. The most useful IHC stains help to exclude tumors such as hepatoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, and other sarcomas.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical analysis of embryonal sarcoma of the liver. 1678 89

Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a mesenchymal neoplasm usually occurring in sun-exposed skin of elderly patients. The majority have an excellent prognosis, as recurrences are uncommon and metastases are rare. We present a case of an 81-year-old man who developed widespread peritoneal metastases from an AFX on his scalp, which was completely excised 3 years earlier. Histology of the scalp lesion showed a markedly pleomorphic neoplasm characteristic of AFX. Features associated with increased risk of metastasis, namely lymphovascular space invasion, deep invasion, and substantial necrosis, were not present. An extensive immunohistochemical panel was performed. The tumor cells were negative for melanocytic, epithelial, and smooth muscle immunohistochemical stains, and positive for vimentin, CD10, CD99, and focally for CD68. Histologically, the peritoneal tumor was virtually identical to the original scalp lesion and had an identical immunohistochemical profile. Electron microscopy of the peritoneal tumor revealed pleomorphic undifferentiated cells with abundant lipid vacuoles. This is the first reported case of AFX with peritoneal metastases. Although AFXs generally have an excellent outcome, pathologists must remain cognizant of the small but real potential for metastasis and this needs to be conveyed in all reports.
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PMID:Peritoneal metastases from an atypical fibroxanthoma. 1686 78


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