Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.24.11 (CD10)
 9,792 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To provide baseline information on the immunoarchitecture of normal bone marrow, we studied cryostat-cut, frozen, and paraffin-embedded, fixed tissue sections prepared from 21 core biopsies of normal bone marrow obtained during bone marrow harvests for transplantation. A large panel of antibodies was applied that included, for frozen tissue, Leu-6 (CD1), T11 (CD2), Leu-3a (CD4), Leu-1 (CD5), Leu-2a (CD8), J5 (CD10), My7 (CD13), Leu-11 (CD16), B4 (CD19), B1 (CD20), B2 (CD21), Tac (CD25), My9 (CD33), T200 (CD45), NKH-1 (CD56), kappa and lambda chains, beta F1, Ki-67, HLA-DR, TQ1, and keratin, and for fixed tissue, leukocyte common antigen (CD45), L26 (CD20), LN1 (CDw75), LN2 (CD74), LN3, LN4, LN5, MB1 (CD45R), MB2, MT1 (CD43), MT2 (CD45R), UCHL1 (CD45R0), BM1, Ki-1 (CD30), Leu-M1 (CD15), lysozyme, KP1 (CD68), actin, S100, neuron-specific enolase, vimentin, and keratin. On fresh-frozen sections CD19 and CD2 were the most reliable and sensitive markers for B and T cells, staining 5% and 9% of marrow cells, respectively. Immunoglobulins generally showed heavy background staining, which frequently precluded an accurate assessment. The CD4 to CD8 ratio in the bone marrow was reversed from that of peripheral blood. On fixed tissues, leukocyte common antigen was found in 14% of the marrow cells, corresponding roughly to the lymphocyte population. L26, a pan-B-cell marker, stained 3% of the marrow cells. Among the other B-cell markers, LN1 and MB2 stained a large number of cells (40% to 70%), indicating reactivity with cells of the myeloid or erythroid series in addition to lymphocytes. Among the T-cell markers, UCHL1 and MT1 stained 66% and 50% of the cells, respectively, which could be explained by their cross-reactivity with myeloid cells. Nonspecific myelomonocytic markers (Leu-M1, KP1, and lysozyme) also showed reactivity in a high percentage of cells. No particular architectural distribution patterns of B or T lymphocytes were noted in either frozen or fixed bone marrow specimens. The results of this study provide normal baseline data for the immunohistologic application of hematopoietic and lymphoid markers on frozen or fixed bone marrow biopsy specimens.
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PMID:Immunoarchitecture of normal human bone marrow: a study of frozen and fixed tissue sections. 159 93

The diagnostic value of immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies was assessed in 100 liver biopsy specimens. The majority of these cases were hepatic localizations of lymphoid malignancies. Ten normal and reactive inflammatory liver biopsies were used as controls. Some monoclonal antibodies directed against leukocyte antigens revealed unexpected reactivities with normal liver structures: biliary tract (anti-CD10, anti-B MB2) and hepatocytes (anti-B LN1). In 12/17 cases of hepatic involvement by large cell malignancy, immunohistochemistry allowed the diagnosis of non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL); the remaining 5 cases were metastatic undifferentiated carcinoma. It was difficult to differentiate small cell liver NHL from reactive inflammatory infiltration. New anti-B (MB1, MB2, 4KB5, LN1 and LN2) and anti-T (MT1 and UCHL1) monoclonal antibodies suitable for use on paraffin sections were of value to phenotype NHL when only fixed material was available. But, information was too limited to distinguish malignant from reactive infiltrates. Immunohistochemistry on frozen sections was often necessary to diagnose inflammatory infiltrates and to phenotype NHL. Most NHL were of B cell origin (11/13 cases) and showed monotypic surface immunoglobulins as well as B cell-associated antigens (CD22+). The expression of the T CD5 antigen by B-cell NHL may have some diagnostic value. When monotypic surface immunoglobulins could not be demonstrated (due to background staining) the expression of this antigen by B lymphocytes was considered to be highly indicative of their neoplastic nature. Hairy cell leukemia exhibited a pathognomonic phenotype on frozen sections (CD11c+, CD22+, CD25+). T NHL were rare (2 cases) and difficult to diagnose due to the lack of clonal markers. The diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease in liver (15/20 cases) was facilitated by using paraffin sections of both monoclonal antibodies anti-CD15 (Leu M1) and anti-CD30 (Ber-H2) which detect fixation-resistant antigens expressed by Sternberg cells.
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PMID:[Immunochemical diagnosis of hepatic localizations in malignant lymphoid hematologic diseases. Study of 80 cases]. 266 Dec 93

20 and 26 S proteasomes were isolated from rat liver. The procedure developed for the 26 S proteasome resulted in greatly improved yields compared with previously published methods. A comparison of the kinetic properties of 20 and 26 S proteasomes showed significant differences in the kinetic characteristics with certain substrates and differences in the effects of a protein substrate on peptidase activity. Observed differences in the kinetics of peptidylglutamyl peptide hydrolase activity suggest that the 26 S complex cannot undergo the conformational changes of 20 S proteasomes at high concentrations of the substrate benzyloxycarbonyl (Z) -Leu-Leu-Glu-beta-naphthylamide. Various inhibitors that differentially affect the trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like activities have been identified. Ala-Ala-Phe-chloromethyl (CH2Cl) inhibits chymotrypsin-like activity assayed with succinyl (Suc) -Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC, but surprisingly not hydrolysis of Ala-Ala-Phe-7-amido4-methylcoumarin (AMC). Tyr-Gly-Arg-CH2Cl inhibits Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC hydrolysis as well as trypsin-like activity measured with t-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) -Leu-Ser-Thr-Arg-AMC, while Z-Phe-Gly-Tyr-diazomethyl (CHN2) was found to inhibit only the two chymotrypsin-like activities. Radiolabeled forms of peptidyl chloromethane and peptidyl diazomethane inhibitors, [3H]acetyl-Ala-Ala-Phe-CH2Cl, [3H]acetyl- and radioiodinated Tyr-Gly-Arg-CH2Cl, and Z-Phe-Gly-Tyr-(125I-CHN2), have been used to identify catalytic components associated with each of the three peptidase activities. In each case, incorporation of the label could be blocked by prior treatment of the proteasomes with known active site-directed inhibitors, calpain inhibitor 1 or 3, 4-dichloroisocoumarin. Subunits of labeled proteasomes were separated either by reverse phase-HPLC and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by autoradiography/fluorography and immunoblotting with subunit-specific antibodies. In each case, label was found to be incorporated into subunits C7, MB1, and LMP7 but in different relative amounts depending on the inhibitor used, consistent with the observed effects on the different peptidase activities. The results strongly suggest a relationship between trypsin-like activity and chymotrypsin-like activity. They also help to relate the different subunits of the complex to the assayed multicatalytic endopeptidase activities.
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PMID:Catalytic properties of 26 S and 20 S proteasomes and radiolabeling of MB1, LMP7, and C7 subunits associated with trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like activities. 931 91