Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.24.11 (CD10)
 9,792 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFHs) are a histologically heterogeneous group of sarcomas that have been postulated to be derived from, or have the capacity to differentiate into, histiocytes. To determine whether MFH tumor cells actually express the features of histiocytes, i.e., bone marrow-derived cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage, we studied the antigenic and enzymatic phenotype of 13 MFHs in situ using frozen and plastic sections, respectively. Five pleomorphic three fibrous, two myxoid, two giant cell, and one histiocytic MFH were studied. While tumor cells in 12 of 13 cases were positive for HLA-A,B,C, tumor cells in all cases failed to express antigens present on bone marrow-derived macrophages, i.e., leukocyte common antigen (L3B12), HLA-DR, Leu-M3, and Leu-3a. Interestingly 8 of 13 cases were positive for CALLA. Although nonspecific, this may prove useful in differential diagnosis. Enzyme histochemistry demonstrated that tumor cells in 9 of 13 cases were positive for membrane 5' nucleotidase (5'N+). Four of these were also alkaline phosphatase positive (ALKP+). All cases were either negative or weakly positive for acid phosphatase (ACIDP) and alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE). Tumor cells were unreactive for alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase (ANBE) and adenosine triphosphatase (ATP). These findings indicate that MFH tumor cells do not express the enzymatic profile of cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage which are membrane 5'N-/ALKP- and ACIDP+/ANAE+/ANBE+/ membrane ATP+. In fact, these data suggest a similarity to fibroblasts which are membrane 5'N+, variably ALKP+, weakly ACIDP+/ANAE+, and ANBE-/membrane ATP-. Osteoclast-like giant cells present in two cases did express a histiocytic phenotype, suggesting that they are reactive elements not derived from admixed tumor cells. These results suggest that MFHs are primitive mesenchymal neoplasms, most likely sarcomas composed of poorly differentiated fibroblasts, and are unrelated to true histiocytic neoplasms.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma tumor cells resemble fibroblasts. 301 Jul 48

We report the clinicopathologic findings of four cases of liposarcoma with meningothelial-like whorls. Two cases occurred in the retroperitoneum and the remaining cases in the anterior mediastinum and scrotum. The whorls varied in terms of amount and morphology and the type tissue surrounding the whorls also varied in every case. One of the retroperitoneal cases with large areas of whorl coalescence recurred in the abdominal wall as an inflammatory malignant fibrous histiocytoma one year after primary resection of the tumor, and a metastasis to the cervical spines was detected twenty months later. The other retroperitoneal tumor recurred locally two years after the resection of the tumor and the amount and cellularity of the whorls as well as p53 reactivity and Ki-67 labeling index were higher in the recurrent tumor. However, coalescence of the whorls was not present in the recurrent tumor in contrast to the primary tumor. The anterior mediastinal and scrotal cases have demonstrated neither local recurrence nor distant metastasis although the follow-up period has been less than one year. The cells comprising whorls showed positive reactions for CD10, CD56, CD99, factor XIII, and low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor in addition to vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin. Our results indicate that liposarcoma with meningothelial-like whorls is a heterogeneous group that shows wide variations in histologic findings and biologic behavior. The phenotypic transformation of the whorls to higher grade in two retroperitoneal tumors, which showed recurrence within two years of follow up, supports that a whorl is a sign of dedifferentiation. Although we demonstrate the expressions of several markers, such as CD10, CD56, CD99, factor XIII, and low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor, in the spindle cells of the whorls for the first time, the lineage of the whorls still cannot be addressed due to the fact that these markers are lineage nonspecific.
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PMID:Liposarcoma with meningothelial-like whorls. Report of four cases showing diverse histologic findings and behavior. 1283 76

A case of an epithelioid variant of pleomorphic liposarcoma (PL) arising in the back of a 72-year old male is presented. The lesion was a well-circumscribed but unencapsulated, yellowish white mass measuring 11 x 10 x 9 cm in the subcutis and muscle. Histologically, the tumor consisted of three elements; an epithelioid cell element occupying about 50%, a lipogenic and mixed lipogenic and epithelioid cell element occupying 40%, and a malignant fibrous histiocytoma-like element. The lipogenic area was composed of uni- and multivacuolated pleomorphic lipoblasts. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positive for vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen, and CD10. It was negative for desmin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, muscle actin, S-100 protein, and cytokeratins 8 and 18. The epithelioid variant of PL should be differentiated from metastatic renal cell carcinoma and adrenal cortical adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Epithelioid variant of pleomorphic liposarcoma: report of a case. 1546 2

Carcinosarcomas (CS) of the prostate are very uncommon neoplasms defined by the admixture of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. We describe here two new examples of CS in two patients aged 66 and 77 years, the first without previous history of prostate adenocarcinoma and the second with a 5-year history of acinar type prostate adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis of CS was made on the cystoprostatectomy specimen in the first case and transurethral resection in the second case. Both biphasic tumours exhibited papillary areas of ductal differentiation and conventional adenocarcinoma in the epithelial component, as well as malignant fibrous histiocytoma and angiosarcomatous areas in the first case and solid, poorly differentiated epithelial areas with neuroendocrine features in the second case. Immunohistochemistry revealed over-expression of c-erb B2 in the papillary epithelial component of both cases, whereas the solid undifferentiated epithelial areas in the second patient expressed c-kit, CD10 and synaptophysin, thus conforming a very undifferentiated cell population. The angiosarcomatous component of the first case expressed CD31 and CD10. The clinical course of the cases was divergent; the first patient is free of disease after radical surgery and adjuvant therapy and the other died 5 months after the diagnosis of CS, having already developed liver metastases.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma of the prostate: two cases with distinctive morphologic and immunohistochemical findings. 1582 29

A 71-year-old woman who presented with left abdominal pain was found to have a noncalcified renal mass with a perisplenic extension on imaging studies. Histologically, the tumor showed predominantly malignant spindle cells with extensive osteoid and chondroid matrix production. Various growth patterns resembling rhabdomyosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and fibrosarcoma were also observed. Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining of the neoplastic cells for cytokeratin and focally positive staining for CD10 and CD117 (c-Kit). Electron microscopic examination revealed a poorly differentiated neoplasm with both mesenchymal and epithelial features. The tumor was diagnosed as a sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma with overgrowth of the sarcomatoid component (World Health Organization: renal cell carcinoma, unclassified). To our knowledge, sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma with such a broad morphologic phenotype in a single case has not been documented. Furthermore, the CD117 expression in a sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma that was observed in this case merits further investigation.
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PMID:Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma with divergent sarcomatoid growth patterns: a case report and review of the literature. 1604 2

Atypical fibroxanthoma is a controversial entity with a disputed histogenesis. It has recently been suggested that most atypical fibroxanthoma are actually variants of squamous cell carcinoma. We reviewed 100 purported cases of atypical fibroxanthoma received over 4 years to perform clinical follow up and immunohistochemical markers. In particular, we focused on the detection of any recurrence or metastasis. Ten cases were subsequently excluded on the basis of either incorrect coding, or insufficient or absent paraffin blocks on file. A further case was interpreted as a malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Additional new markers, such as CD10 and CD99, were employed in a proportion of cases. Our cases were typical of the usual clinical presentation of atypical fibroxanthoma on the skin of the sun-damaged elderly. We found no cases of recurrent or metastatic atypical fibroxanthoma. Two patients developed a second primary atypical fibroxanthoma. CD10 proved to be a useful marker for atypical fibroxanthoma when used on 20 cases in the present study, as was CD99 in seven cases. The only case demonstrating positive staining for keratin also stained for CD10. It had dual features of atypical fibroxanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma. However, as the majority of atypical fibroxanthoma had no adjacent solar keratosis, our data suggest it is unlikely that atypical fibroxanthoma is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Atypical fibroxanthoma: a clinicopathological study of 89 cases. 1619 21

Benign fibrous histiocytoma is one of the most frequent benign neoplasms mainly composed of a mixture of fibroblastic and histiocytic cells, especially found in the skin (dermatofibroma), particularly in the limbs. The diagnosis of cutaneous benign fibrous histiocytoma is generally easy; however, rare variants may be difficult to identify, and the diagnosis only confirmed after exhaustive histopathological examination. Thus, deep subcutaneous dermatofibroma may be difficult to distinguish from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and dermatofibroma with monster giant cells from malignant fibrous histiocytoma and atypical fibroxanthoma. We report a case of a 38-year-old woman with a painless swelling on the abdominal wall, which was totally excised and histopathologically diagnosed as subcutaneous atypical fibrous histiocytoma. The lesion was deeply located within the subcutaneous tissue and consisted of interlacing fascicles of predominant histiocyte-like spindle cells intermingled with pleomorphic giant cells with bizarre large nuclei (bilobed and multilobed) and prominent eosinophilic nucleoli. Only 1 mitotic figure was found in the whole lesion. Prominent hyaline collagen bundles surrounded by tumor cells were observed, predominantly at the periphery of the lesion. Immunohistochemical study showed positivity only for vimentin and factor XIIIa, whereas pan-keratins, actin, desmin, CD34, CD10, and S-100 protein were negative. Recognition of dermatofibroma is important, allowing sequential excision and optimal results. Definitive diagnosis, although especially difficult in our case, is established by characteristic histological and immunohistochemical criteria. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of subcutaneous fibrous histiocytoma with monster cells.
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PMID:Subcutaneous atypical fibrous histiocytoma. 1954 31

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a soft tissue sarcoma that most commonly occurs in the extremities and rarely metastasizes cutaneously. A 79-year-old male patient consulted a dermatologist 11 months after recognizing an intractable ulcer on the right mandible. Punch biopsy revealed eosinophilic tumor cells in the dermal area and proliferation of rich spindle cells. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma or atypical fibroxanthoma was suspected and he was referred to our hospital. Red plaque tumors on the right mandible and right temple were 30 mm and 15 mm in size, respectively. The right mandible lesion was ulcerated. Immunohistochemically, the lesions were positive for CD10, CD74 and alpha-smooth muscle actin. Radiological analysis revealed multiple organ metastases, including bone, liver, lung and skin on the right temple. The patient was diagnosed with malignant fibrous histiocytoma, stage IV and died 8 weeks after the first visit due to respiratory failure. Cutaneous malignant fibrous histiocytoma has a poor prognosis resulting in death.
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PMID:A case of cutaneous malignant fibrous histiocytoma with multiple organ metastases. 2334 14

Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a superficial variant of pleomorphic malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Clear cell atypical fibroxanthoma (CCAFXA) is a rare variant of atypical fibroxanthoma. A 74-year-old male patient presented with a rapidly growing nodule on the shoulder, which had appeared over a 5-months period. Lesion was excised by the plastic surgeon. Microscopic examination showed an ulcerated nodule composed of pleomorphic spindled and polygonal cells with clear or vacuolated cytoplasm. The neoplastic cells were stained positively with CD68 and CD10 and were stained negative with S-100, Melan A, muscle-specific actin, or pan-cytokeratin. Final diagnosis was clear cell atypical fibroxanthoma. CCAFXA should be differentiated from other clear-cell neoplasms of the skin. Best of our knowledge only 11 cases CCAFXA of have been reported in published studies till date. Herein, we reported 12th case in literature of CCAFXA and review of the literature.
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PMID:Clear cell atypical fibroxantoma: a rare variant of atypical fibroxanthoma and review of the literature. 2512 Sep 92