Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.24.11 (CD10)
 9,792 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The immunohistological staining patterns of several hundred monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) were studied in normal human kidney tissue. Seven Mabs, 3 hematopoietic (F103.12/CD10, MY7/CD13, 3C4/CD15) and 4 non-hematopoietic (LP34, E29, HEA81, HEA125) revealed a segment-specific or pan-nephron staining. The expression of antigens (Ags) labelled by the 7 selected Mabs was then studied in cryostat sections of a series of 43 renal epithelial tumors (31 renal cell carcinomas, 2 oncocytomas, 10 adenomas) in order to correlate the results with the prevailing hypothesis for the histogenesis of these tumors. The adenomas displayed poor expression of CD10-Ag (proximal nephron marker) compared to carcinomas. The chromophobic type of renal cell carcinoma and the benign oncocytoma did not express CD13-Ag, suggesting a possible histogenetic relationship. More than 95% of all tumors simultaneously expressed a proximal and a distal marker. Our results suggest that CD10-antibody may be of value in the distinction between benign and malignant small-sized renal tumors. We conclude that neoplastic transformation may imply such alterations in the expression of marker-Ags (proximal/distal) that no conclusion can be drawn regarding the tubular segment from which a renal epithelial tumor takes its origin.
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PMID:Expression of segment-specific antigens in the human nephron and in renal epithelial tumors. 246 11

The ability of normal human fibroblast-derived chromosomes to suppress tumorigenicity in nude mice and in vitro growth properties of various tumor cell lines was examined. Normal human chromosomes tagged with pSV2neo gene by DNA transfection were transferred to the following human tumor cell lines by microcell-fusion: SiHa (uterine cervical carcinoma), A204 (rhabdomyosarcoma), SK-NEP-1 (Wilms' tumor), HHUA (uterine endometrial carcinoma), SK-N-MC (neuroblastoma), YCR (renal cell carcinoma), HT1080 (fibrosarcoma), and CC1 (chorionic carcinoma). The results indicate the presence of a putative tumor-suppressor gene(s) in multiple chromosomes, and suggest that multiple genes may normally be involved in suppressing the transformed phenotypes at different stages in some tumors. Thus, the microcell transfer of chromosomes to specific tumor cell lines is a useful technique to demonstrate the presence of tumor-suppressor genes on individual chromosomes, and may also be useful in cloning of tumor-suppressor genes as well as elucidating their function in cell-growth and differentiation.
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PMID:Multiple chromosomes carrying tumor suppressor activity, via microcell-mediated chromosome transfer, for various tumor cell lines. 248 35

Previous studies have demonstrated a high level of heterogeneity associated with human renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In order to probe further this heterogeneity monoclonal antibodies were produced after immunization of mice with extracts of fresh renal tumor specimens. Four monoclonal antibodies designated LD-M1, LD-M2, LD-M5, and LD-M8 were generated and characterized immunohistochemically on a panel of tissue sections. The LD monoclonal antibodies strongly stained paraffin sections obtained from 77 to 100% of cases of RCC. Testing the sections with a library of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies resulted in the definition of the following immunohistochemical phenotype of RCC: positive with the LD-M1, LD-M2, Ld-M5, LD-M8, Uro-2, Uro-7, Uro-10, cytokeratin, keratin, TPA, vimentin, Fx1A, retinol binding protein, CALLA and B72 antibodies; negative with the prekeratin, desmin, A5.48, uromucoid, and CEA antibodies. The pattern of immunohistochemical activity indicates that some RCC tumor cells contain epitopes associated with distal tubules in addition to previously documented antigens present in proximal tubules. Using a solid-phase competition radioimmunoassay it was observed that the serum of patients with renal cell carcinoma contains a circulating LD-M5-reactive tumor-associated antigen.
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PMID:Definition of the human renal cell carcinoma phenotype using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies: a tumor marker study. 266 15

We have investigated enzymatic processing of big ET-1 in sections of human renal cortex by examining selected binding characteristics of the radiolabelled precursor and cleaved peptide. Sections of histologically normal human kidney obtained from patients undergoing nephrectomy for hypernephroma (50-74 years, N = 10, male or female) were incubated with 0.1 nM [125I]-ET-1, [125I]-Tyr13 big ET-1 or [125I]-Tyr31 big ET-1 in culture media at 37 degrees to facilitate enzymatic activity. Specific binding measured from sections incubated with [125I]-Try13 big ET-1 (which would yield [125I]-ET-1 on enzymatic cleavage) was 39.7 +/- 2.5%. This was significantly reduced to 19.0 +/- 2.0% following co-incubation with 10 microM thiorphan, an inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase (NEP) but not the putative endothelin converting enzymes (ECE). No further reduction in specific binding was obtained with 100 microM thiorphan, indicating that this is a maximal effect. However phosphoramidon (100 microM), an inhibitor of ECE and NEP, almost abolished specific binding, indicating that both NEP and ECE cleave big ET-1 in the kidney. No specific binding was detected when sections were labelled with [125I]-Tyr31 big ET-1 (which would be expected to yield [125I] labelled C-terminal fragment). Binding of the product of processed [125I]-Tyr13 big ET-1 was inhibited mainly by the ET(B) selective antagonist (BQ788 = 75.1 +/- 2.1% inhibition; FR139317 = 9.7 +/- 7.3% inhibition), consistent with the predominance of this subtype in human kidney. We conclude that big ET-1 is processed by NEP and ECE in human kidney and that the cleaved product binds predominantly to the ET(B) receptor subtype. ECE may be a therapeutic target in the attenuation of renal diseases in which ET-1 has been implicated.
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PMID:In vitro enzymatic processing of radiolabelled big ET-1 in human kidney. 951 80

The regulatory mechanisms responsible for malignant transformation, tumor progression and metastasis in renal cell cancer (RCC) are still unclear, but there is some evidence that biologically active peptides might have regulatory effects on the behavior of this malignancy. Tumor cells can change local concentrations of active peptides by modulating their cell-surface enzymes. Using immunohistochemistry and enzyme-histochemistry, the expression of various membrane peptidases was examined in RCC and adjacent noninvaded renal parenchyma (n = 44). We describe the down-regulation of neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP) protein expression in RCC of the clear cell/chromophilic type when compared with renal parenchyma, and show for the first time the lack of enzyme activity of NEP in RCC. The strongest expression could be found for dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPIV) which is only decreased in RCC of the chromophobe cell type and is even present in oncocytoma. Aminopeptidase N (APN) and aminopeptidase A (APA) show attenuated expression in up to one third of clear cell/ chromophilic RCC. Chromophobe RCC and oncocytomas do not express APN, APA, NEP and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase.
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PMID:Endopeptidase 24.11/CD10 is down-regulated in renal cell cancer. 985 25

The majority of renal neoplasms can be distinguished on the basis of histologic examination alone; however, there are morphologic similarities between clear cell renal carcinoma and chromophobe cell carcinoma, as well as between the granular/eosinophilic variants of these tumors and renal oncocytoma. Only a limited number of histochemical markers are available to aid in the differential diagnosis of these neoplasms. Hale's colloidal iron usually yields strong, diffuse cytoplasmic staining of chromophobe cell carcinomas whereas clear cell carcinomas are generally negative; however, interpretation of this stain is not always straightforward. By immunohistochemistry, vimentin is detectable in most clear cell carcinomas and is absent from most chromophobe cell tumors and oncocytomas, but reliance on a single antibody can be misleading. In this report we examine the use of commercially available monoclonal antibodies to RCC and CD10 in the differential diagnosis of common renal tumors. Eighty-five percent of clear cell carcinomas (53 of 62) had detectable surface membrane staining for RCC, and 94% (58 of 62) were positive for CD10. Papillary carcinomas were likewise strongly positive for RCC and CD10 in nearly all cases (13 of 14 each). In contrast, all 19 chromophobe cell carcinomas examined were completely negative for surface membrane staining with both of these markers. Oncocytomas were also negative for RCC (0 of 9), but CD10 was detectable in some cases (3 of 9). These results suggest that the presence of surface membrane staining for RCC and CD10 may be used to confirm a diagnosis of suspected clear cell or papillary renal carcinoma. Chromophobe cell carcinomas should be negative for both markers. The absence of RCC staining may also be helpful in the diagnosis of renal oncocytoma.
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PMID:Use of antibodies to RCC and CD10 in the differential diagnosis of renal neoplasms. 1068 Aug 88

We tested 505 cases of nonhematopoietic neoplasms by immunohistochemistry using a newly characterized monoclonal antibody (clone 56C6) against the CD10 antigen. CD10 was expressed widely in neoplasms of the genitourinary tract, including 41 (89%) of 46 cases of renal cell carcinoma, 13 (54%) of 24 cases of transitional cell carcinoma, and 11 (61%) of 18 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma. In addition, 5 (100%) of 5 endometrial stromal sarcomas, 3 (60%) of 5 rhabdomyosarcomas, 7 (50%) of 14 pancreatic adenocarcinomas, 5 (45%) of 11 cases of schwannoma, and 12 (40%) of 30 cases of malignant melanoma also were positive for CD10. Similar to normal tissue, CD10 positivity was restricted to the apical surface of malignant glandular cells of well-differentiated colonic, pancreatic, and prostatic adenocarcinoma, whereas in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and other tumors, such as melanoma, transitional cell carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and endometrial stromal sarcoma, the CD10 positivity showed diffuse cytoplasmic or membranous/Golgi patterns. The monoclonal antibody clone 56C6 is a reliable marker for CD10 in paraffin immunohistochemistry after heat-induced epitope retrieval. CD10 expression in renal cell carcinoma and endometrial stromal sarcoma may be a useful marker in the differential diagnoses of these tumors because both tumors otherwise lack specific markers.
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PMID:Paraffin-section detection of CD10 in 505 nonhematopoietic neoplasms. Frequent expression in renal cell carcinoma and endometrial stromal sarcoma. 1070 18

The present study was performed in four renal cell lines to evaluate their capability to: (1) produce and express transforming growth factor alpha (TGFalpha), its respective receptor, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) and the small G protein, RhoA, and (2) exhibit morphogenetic properties when grown on Matri-cell substrates. The cell lines were derived from normal (Madin-Darby canine kidney cells), embryonic (SK-NEP-1 and 293 cells), and cancerous (human renal adenocarcinoma cells) kidneys. TGFalpha messenger ribonucleic acid, evaluated by a nonradioactive in situ hybridization technique, was found to be expressed in all the cell lines. Large amounts of TGFalpha peptide were observed in all four cell lines, while EGFr was highly expressed only in cancerous ACHN and embryonic-tumor SK-NEP-1 cells. RhoA peptide was found in appreciable amounts in SK-NEP-1 and 293 cells (compared to the other two cell lines). The morphogenetic properties of the four cell lines were assessed, by culturing them on Matri-cell dishes: SK-NEP-1 cells alone were found to grow in three-dimensional structures forming clusters and worm-like cellular aggregates. This feature was displayed by SK-NEP-1 cells but not by the other three cell lines, and may be connected with the contemporary presence of RhoA, EGFr, and TGFalpha found in significant amounts only in the SK-NEP-1 cell line.
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PMID:Renal cell cultures for the study of growth factor interactions underlying kidney organogenesis. 1140 92

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) frequently metastasizes or invades the adrenal gland. Metastatic RCC is often difficult to differentiate from primary adrenal cortical neoplasm (ACN) in an adrenal fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Recently, CD10 immunoreactivity was observed in more than 90% of RCC, but none in primary ACN. To facilitate the accurate diagnosis of metastatic RCC in adrenal FNA, we retrospectively studied the cytomorphology and CD10 immunohistochemistry in 20 cases of FNA specimens, including 10 cases of adrenal FNA (six cases of metastatic RCC and four cases of primary ACN) and 10 cases of primary RCC. Cytomorphologically, several overlapping features were observed between primary ACN and metastatic RCC, including: abundant clear cytoplasm, often with microvesicles, large nuclei with prominent nucleoli, bare nuclei, and prominent vascularity. Immunostaining for CD10 was positive in 9/10 cases of primary RCC, 5/6 cases of metastatic RCC in the adrenal gland, and 0/4 cases of primary ACN. Our study indicates that: 1) an accurate diagnosis of ACN in FNA specimens can often be difficult due to overlapping cytomorphologic features with RCC, and 2) CD10 immunostaining is helpful in separating metastatic RCC from a primary ACN and can reliably be performed on a cytologic sample.
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PMID:CD10 facilitates the diagnosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma from primary adrenal cortical neoplasm in adrenal fine-needle aspiration. 1220 61

The reappraisal of genetically defined subsets of renal tumors can help to highlight the key pathologic features of specific neoplastic entities. We report the morphologic, immunophenotypic, ultrastructural, and molecular features of 11 renal carcinomas bearing a t(X;1)(p11.2;q21) and/or the resulting PRCC-TFE3 gene fusion. The male/female ratio was 4:7. Ten patients were in the age range of 9-29 years and one was 64 years old (mean 21.3 years, median 15 years). The predominant histologic pattern was nested, with islands of tumor cells compartmentalized by thin-walled capillary vasculature. Minor variations on this pattern yielded solid, acinar, alveolar, and tubular architecture. Papillary architecture was seen in nine cases, usually as a minor component. Neoplastic cells were typically characterized by irregularly shaped nuclei with vesicular chromatin and small nucleoli not visible with a 10x objective, and cytoplasm that ranged from clear to densely granular and eosinophilic. Mitoses were extremely rare; 5 were found in 900 high power fields examined from the 11 neoplasms. The most distinctive immunohistochemical feature of these neoplasms was moderate to intense nuclear labeling for TFE3 protein. These tumors were also consistently immunoreactive for the RCC antigen (10 of 11) and CD10 (9 of 9), whereas cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen were negative in four cases and were positive focally in the others. Ultrastructurally, all of the six neoplasms examined showed features consistent with conventional-type (clear cell) renal carcinoma, although two demonstrated distinctive intracisternal microtubules. Both tumors tested contained PRCC-TFE3 fusion transcripts. The differential diagnosis includes conventional-type papillary renal cell carcinoma, conventional-type (clear cell) renal carcinoma, and the ASPL-TFE3 renal carcinomas associated with the t(X;17)(p11.2;q25), with the latter two being morphologically the most similar to the t(X;1) renal carcinomas. Aside from their distinctive clinicopathologic features described here, there is experimental evidence suggesting that these tumors may show differential sensitivity to certain chemotherapeutic agents.
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PMID:PRCC-TFE3 renal carcinomas: morphologic, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular analysis of an entity associated with the t(X;1)(p11.2;q21). 1245 22


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