Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.23.5 (cathepsin D)
 4,130 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The activities of the lysosomal enzymes acid and neutral protease, N-acetylglucosaminidase, and acid phosphatase were measured in the serum of patients with fulminant hepatic failure. Acid protease (cathepsin D) activity was increased about tenfold in patients who died and nearly fourfold in those who survived fulminant hepatic failure after paracetamol overdose, whereas activities were increased equally in patients with fulminant hepatic failure due to viral hepatitis whether or not they survived. A correlation was found between serum acid protease activity and prothrombin time, and the increase in cathepsin D activity was sustained over several days compared with aspartate aminotransferase, which showed a sharp early peak and then a fall. Circulating lysosomal proteases can damage other organs, and measurement of their activity may therefore be of added value in assessing prognosis in this condition.
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PMID:Circulating lysosomal enzymes and acute hepatic necrosis. 700 43

Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is a major by-product of water disinfection by chlorination. Several studies have demonstrated that DCA exhibits hepatocarcinogenic effects in rodents when administered in drinking water. This chemical does not appear to be highly mutagenic, and the mechanism(s) involved in DCA induction of cancer are not clear. The present work was aimed at identifying changes in gene expression which may indicate critical alterations/pathways involved in this chemical's carcinogenic activities. We used cDNA microarray methods for analyses of gene expression in livers of mice treated with the tumorigenic dose of 2 g/l DCA in drinking water for 4 weeks. Total RNA samples obtained from livers of the control and DCA-treated mice were evaluated for gene expression patterns with Clontech Atlas Mouse 1.2 cDNA and Atlas mouse stress/toxicology arrays, and the data analyzed with AtlasImage 2.01 and one-way ANOVA in JMP4 software. From replicate experiments, we identified 24 genes with altered expression, of which 15 were confirmed by Northern blot analysis. Of the 15 genes, 14 revealed expression suppressed two- to five-fold; they included the following: MHR 23A, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C29, CYP 3A11, serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 (PON 1), liver carboxylesterase, alpha-1 antitrypsin, ER p72, glutathione S-transferase (GST) Pi 1, angiogenin, vitronectin precursor, cathepsin D (CTSD), plasminogen precursor (contains angiostatin), prothrombin precursor and integrin alpha 3 precursor (ITGA 3). An additional gene, CYP 2A4/5, had a two-fold elevation in expression. Further, in ancillary Northern analyses of total RNA isolated from DCA-induced hepatocellular carcinomas (from earlier reported studies of mice treated with 3.5 g/l DCA for 93 weeks), many of the same genes (11 of 15) noted above showed a similar alteration in expression. In summary, we have identified specific genes involved in the functional categories of cell growth, tissue remodeling, apoptosis, cancer progression and xenobiotic metabolism that have altered levels of expression following exposures to DCA. These findings serve to highlight new pathways in which to further probe DCA effects that may be critical to its tumorigenic activity.
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PMID:Altered gene expression in mouse livers after dichloroacetic acid exposure. 1264 86

32 healthy fertile women (control group) and 94 women with different-severity external endometriosis (EE) were examined. The activity of cathepsin D, plasminogen, AT-III, protein C, acid alpha1-antitrypsin as well as the parameters of antiprothrombin, thrombin and prothrombin time were investigated in serum of venous blood. In EE, the below parameters were found to be essentially increased: thrombin time--35.69 +/- 5.77 sec (controls--20.2 +/- 0.8 sec, p < 0.05), prothrombin time--30.43 +/- 7.21 sec (controls--21.6 +/- 0.8, p < 0.05), concentration of alpha2 macroglobulin--489.3 +/- 39.71 mg/dl (controls--240.2 +/- 12.2 mg/dl, p < 0.001), and AT-III activity--127.37 +/- 7.13% (controls--98.2 +/- 2.56, p < 0.001); at the same time, the parameters of plasmin were decreased--108.00 +/- 5.28% (controls--169 +/- 18%, p < 0.01).
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PMID:[Specific features of protease and antiprotease activity of blood in women with external endometriosis]. 1588 Nov 25