Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.23.17 (PCE)
 1,301 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We compared chlamydial culture with the chlamydial antigen detection enzyme immunoassay system (Chlamydiazyme, Abbott Diagnostic Products; Abbott Park, IL) during treatment of Chlamydia genital infections. Participants received 333 mg of erythromycin PCE (Abbott Laboratories; Abbott Park, IL) 3 times per day for 7 days. On days 0, 3, 7, and 14, chlamydial cultures were positive in 30/30 (100%), 5/29 (17.2%), 0/27, and 0/25 participants, respectively. Concurrent Chlamydiazyme assays were positive in 30/30 (100%), 11/30 (37%), 1/28 (4%), and 0/25 participants. Twenty-eight of 28 persons who received erythromycin PCE for at least 3 days had negative test results for both chlamydial culture and Chlamydiazyme at their last clinic visit. Chlamydiazyme assay tended to remain positive longer than chlamydial culture during treatment, but 7 days after therapy was completed, no Chlamydia trachomatis antigens were detectable by this assay. Erythromycin PCE was well tolerated and rapidly eliminated Chlamydia genital infections in 83% of persons showing negative cultures by the third day of therapy.
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PMID:Comparison of chlamydial culture with Chlamydiazyme assay during erythromycin PCE treatment of Chlamydia genital infections. 240 58

Receptor binding studies were carried out to test whether the rat brain phencyclidine (PCP) receptor is part of a K+ channel. [3H]PCP, and two analogs, [3H]TCP and m-amino[3H]PCP, labeled a single receptor on rat brain synaptic membranes. Each compound bound to a similar number of sites (Bmax = 2.7 pmol bound/mg protein); the apparent dissociation constants for these compounds (KD less than 0.3 microM) decreased with increasing temperature. The following observations indicate that the PCP receptor is part of a K+ channel: (1) aminopyridines (AP) and tetraalkylammonium ions blocked [3H]PCP binding; their respective orders of potency, 4-AP = 3,4-diAP much greater than 3-AP, and tetrabutylammonium (TBA) greater than tetraethylammonium much greater than tetramethylammonium, paralleled their abilities to block K+ channels, (2) the order of potency of PCP and its analogs for binding to the PCP receptor, TCP greater than PCE greater than m-amino-PCP greater than PCP greater than PCPY greater than m-nitro-PCP, paralleled their rank order for blocking brain K+ channels, and (3) the stereospecific displacement of [3H]PCP binding by the isomers of the "sigma" ligands, (+)N-allyl-normetazocine (NANM) greater than (-)NANM, and (-)cyclazocine greater than (+)cyclazocine, and of the dioxolanes, dexoxadrol much greater than levoxadrol, paralleled their abilities to block brain K+ channels. Reciprocal plot and Schild plot analyses indicated that TBA, (+)NANM and dexoxadrol were competitive inhibitors at the PCP receptor, whereas 4-AP had an allosteric interaction.
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PMID:The rat brain phencyclidine (PCP) receptor. A putative K+ channel. 244 95

Thirty-four patients with advanced gastric cancers had received continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) for prevention or treatment of peritoneal dissemination (PD). These patients received intra-abdominal perfusion 30-40 minutes by about 10-liter saline heated to 50-52 degrees C dissolving 200-300 mg cisplatin (CDDP) and 20-30 mg mitomycin C (MMC). The perfusate was infused in the peritoneal cavity through the peritoneal cavity expander (PCE Nihon Kayaku Co. Ltd.) newly developed for sufficient irrigation in our clinic. Eleven patients with macroscopic serosal invasion without PD (P0) or with mild PD (P1) underwent prophylactic CHPP for prevention of peritoneal recurrence. (Pn means degree of PD according to The General Rules for the Gastric Cancer Study.) Twenty-three patients with moderate PD (P2) or severe PD (P3) underwent therapeutic CHPP. The prognosis of patients having undergone prophylactic or therapeutic CHPP (CHPP (+) group) was compared with those not having done CHPP (CHPP (-) group) in the historical control study. In the prophylactic study two-year-survival rates of CHPP (+) group was 90% significantly higher than 63% in CHPP (-) group. There was no significant difference between two-year-survival rates of CHPP (+) (11%) and CHPP (-) (0%) in the therapeutic CHPP. But ascites was observed to disappear in five of twelve (41.7%). Surprisingly second look operation disclosed macroscopic and microscopic disappearance of PD in three of nine (33.3%). The side-effects in those patients had consisted of leakage, bone marrow suppression, perforation of small bowel and so on. But there was no mortality after introduction of PCE. About laboratory data, rises in WBC, BUN, creatinine and LDH and drops in total lymphocytes counts and platelets were all normalized within four weeks. The maximal concentrations of total and free, which emerged at five minutes after CHPP, were 2.19 and 1.29 micrograms/ml. These results suggested that CHPP with CDDP and MMC was well tolerated and effective for prevention of peritoneal recurrence and treatment of peritoneal dissemination in the gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion with cisplatin and mitomycin C for peritoneal dissemination in gastric cancer]. 250 4

Coordinate secretion of two prohormone/proneuropeptide processing enzymes [pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme (PCE) and an aminopeptidase B-like enzyme (APBE)] and alpha-melanotropin (alpha-MSH) from bovine intermediate lobe pituitary cells was studied. Stimulation of secretion with 8-bromo-cyclic AMP produced significant increases in levels of immunoreactive alpha-MSH, PCE, and APBE. Treatment of cells with the dopaminergic agonist 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine resulted in significant decreases in secretion of alpha-MSH, PCE, and APBE. In neither case were there significant changes in levels of cytosolic lactic dehydrogenase or lysosomal beta-glucuronidase in the medium. The secreted PCE activity was shown to process frog and mouse pro-opiomelanocortin primarily to 23,000-Mr corticotropin (ACTH), 13,000-Mr ACTH, beta-lipotropin, a beta-endorphin-like peptide, and beta-endorphin, products comparable to those synthesized by the mouse and frog intermediate lobe in situ. The secreted enzymatic activity had a pH optimum between 4.0 and 5.0, was strongly inhibited by pepstatin A, and had an inhibitor profile similar to the purified bovine intermediate lobe PCE. The secreted APBE activity cleaved Argo-[Met]-enkephalin to [Met]-enkephalin and had a pH optimum and inhibitor profile similar to that previously reported for an activity from purified secretory vesicle fractions of bovine intermediate and neural lobes. The coordinate regulated secretion of alpha-MSH and enzyme activities (PCE and APBE) strongly indicates their colocalization in the same secretory vesicle compartment within the cell. The characteristics of the two enzymes secreted in the medium paralleled those seen in the tissue and further support their role in pro-opiomelanocortin processing in vivo.
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PMID:Regulated secretion of pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme and an aminopeptidase B-like enzyme from dispersed bovine intermediate lobe pituitary cells. 254 Feb 80

Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) was expressed in CV-1 (green monkey kidney) cells using a vaccinia virus transient expression system [(1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 8122]. The system involved infection of cells with a recombinant vaccinia virus carrying the T7 RNA polymerase gene and transfection with a plasmid containing the mouse POMC sequence flanked by the T7 RNA polymerase promoter at its 5'-end and the T7 RNA polymerase terminator at its 3'-end. Assay of the medium from transfected cells showed that 1-2 micrograms of immunoreactive ACTH was produced/10(6) cells. Analysis of the same medium by SDS-PAGE/Western blots revealed a band of 30-36 kDa, which was immunostained with both ACTH and beta-endorphin antisera. Labeling the transfected cells with [3H]Arg, followed by immunoprecipitation and SDS-PAGE showed the synthesis of a major peak of POMC, 33 kDa. Purified [3H]POMC expressed by CV-1 cells was cleaved in vitro by bovine intermediate lobe secretory vesicle pro-opiomelanocortin-converting enzyme to ACTH intermediates (19-25 kDa), beta-lipotropin and beta-endorphin. Thus, this work has demonstrated a technique for expressing microgram quantities of prohormones in mammalian cells, suitable for use as substrates for prohormone-converting enzymes in vitro.
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PMID:Production of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) by a vaccinia virus transient expression system and in vitro processing of the expressed prohormone by POMC-converting enzyme. 254 89

Between 1974 and 1986, 576 patients (284 limited and 292 extensive stages) were treated at this institution. To keep multiagent chemotherapy (CT) at a uniform intensity, patients who received (a) combined modality approach of both multiagent chemotherapy and thoracic radiotherapy (RT) and (b) greater than or equal to 3 cycles of multiagent chemotherapy (greater than or equal to 3 drugs), were chosen for this analysis. Out of 284 patients with limited Stage small-cell lung carcinoma, there were 154 such patients who met these strict criteria, and the treatment methods for the remaining 130 patients were as follows: (a) chemotherapy alone with radiotherapy reserved for local failure (47 pts); (b) radiotherapy alone (20 pts); (c) surgery +/- adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy (37 pts); (d) modified chemotherapy plus radiotherapy (26 pts). During the 12-year period, the therapeutic factors have evolved. Radiation-dose was increased from 30-40 Gy (time dose fractionation 49-66) in 1974-1977 to 44-52 Gy (time dose fractionation 73-86) in 1978-1986. The target volume for radiotherapy included the primary lesion with a 2-cm margin of normal lung and the mediastinum. Chemotherapy program also evolved from COP, CAV (1974-1977) to MACC, VCE-VCA, PCE-ACE (1978-1986). Fifty of 154 patients (32%) developed loco-regional recurrence (infield failure) and 98% (49/50) of these patients exhibited this by 2.5 years. Survival data of 154 patients were as follows: (a) Median survival time (MST) was 12 M; (b) actuarial survival rates at 2 and 5 years were 21% and 8%, respectively. Fifty percent of these patients died within 12 months (MST 12 M) and were not exposed to the full length of the risk period for loco-regional failure. To take into account the duration of exposure to the risk period, actuarial method was employed to measure the probability of loco-regional failure. Loco-regional failure rates at 2.5 years were 37%, 39%, 49%, 79%, and 84% for 50 Gy, 45 Gy, 40 Gy, 35 Gy, and 30 Gy, respectively. The difference between the recurrence rates of 37% and 79% by 50 Gy and 35 Gy was statistically significant, p less than 0.05. Although the recurrence rates of 37% and 49% by 50 Gy and 40 Gy were not statistically different, there was a strong trend of a better control rate of loco-regional carcinoma by higher radiation doses. The time to recurrence seems also shorter with lower radiation-dose than that of higher radiation doses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Importance of radiation dose in achieving improved loco-regional tumor control in limited stage small-cell lung carcinoma: an update. 254 6

A biological process for remediation of groundwater contaminated with tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) can only be applied if the transformation products are environmentally acceptable. Studies with enrichment cultures of PCE- and TCE-degrading microorganisms provide evidence that, under methanogenic conditions, mixed cultures are able to completely dechlorinate PCE and TCE to ethylene, a product which is environmentally acceptable. Radiotracer studies with [14C]PCE indicated that [14C]ethylene was the terminal product; significant conversion to 14CO2 or 14CH4 was not observed. The rate-limiting step in the pathway appeared to be conversion of vinyl chloride to ethylene. To sustain reductive dechlorination of PCE and TCE, it was necessary to supply an electron donor; methanol was the most effective, although hydrogen, formate, acetate, and glucose also served. Studies with the inhibitor 2-bromoethanesulfonate suggested that methanogens played a key role in the observed biotransformations of PCE and TCE.
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PMID:Biological reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene to ethylene under methanogenic conditions. 255 19

The ability of bovine intermediate lobe secretory vesicle membrane-associated enzyme(s) and purified, soluble paired basic residue-specific, pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme (Loh, Y.P., Parish, D. C., and Tuteja, R. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 7194-7205) to cleave bovine NH2-terminal pro-opiomelanocortin1-77 (N-POMC 1-77) was investigated. Purified pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme and an enzyme activity associated with the secretory vesicle membrane were shown to cleave bovine N-POMC1-77 to two major products: N-POMC1-49 and Lys-gamma 3-melanotropin (MSH), and one minor product, gamma 3-MSH. These products were identified by their retention times on high performance liquid chromatography, immunological characteristics, and for Lys-gamma 3-MSH, amino acid composition. The products generated indicate cleavage preferentially between Arg 49-Lys 50 of bN-POMC1-77 (where b indicates bovine), which is identical to the processing pattern found in the bovine intermediate lobe in situ. The membrane converting activity was shown to be stimulated by 5 mM Ca2+ and has a pH optimum of 4-5 and an inhibitor profile characteristic of an aspartic protease. This suggests that the membrane-associated enzyme involved is very similar or identical to the purified, soluble pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme, which has previously been reported to be an acidic, aspartic protease responsible for the initial steps of POMC processing. The results of this study lead to the proposal that the lack of processing of the Arg49-Lys50 site in POMC in the anterior lobe versus the intermediate lobe of the pituitary in vivo may be due to other regulatory mechanisms rather than invoking the existence in the intermediate lobe of another enzyme specific for this site, different from pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme.
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PMID:Generation of Lys-gamma 3-melanotropin from pro-opiomelanocortin 1-77 by a bovine intermediate lobe secretory vesicle membrane-associated aspartic protease and purified pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme. 255 92

Both quinoline and 8-hydroxyquinoline (HOQ) were tested for their genotoxicity in CD1 male mice by using a bone marrow micronucleus assay. Mice were intraperitoneally treated in single injections with three dose levels (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) of each chemical with corn oil as solvent vehicle. Bone marrow was sampled at 24, 48, and 72 h postinjection. Quinoline resulted in a significant dose-related increase in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MPCE) at the 24 h sampling time for all doses tested. The high dose (100 mg/kg) and the medium dose (50 mg/kg) also induced statistically significant increases (P less than .05) in the number of MPCEs at 48 h interval. The ratios of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes at the 24 h sampling time were lower for the treated than the control animals. Although HOQ resulted in some increases in the number of MPCEs over the control, this compound induced a statistically significant increase in the number of micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes (MNCEs) at all three doses following 24 h treatment. Both low and medium doses also induced a higher incidence of MNCEs at the 48 and 72 h sampling times. No data were available for the high dose at these times. The cytotoxic effect of this compound was expressed as low PCE/NCE ratios with all doses at 24 h after injection and as a high mortality rate in animals treated with the high dose (100 mg/kg).
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PMID:Effects of quinoline and 8-hydroxyquinoline on mouse bone marrow erythrocytes as measured by the micronucleus assay. 256 20

The purpose of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of chronic fluoride exposure on mammalian cells in vivo by use of the mouse bone-marrow micronucleus test and the sperm morphology methodology. Mice of genotype B6C3F1 were obtained at weaning and maintained on a low-fluoride diet (less than 0.2 ppm F) ad libitum throughout the experiment. The animals were randomly assigned to seven groups and given fluoride (as sodium fluoride) in concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 75 ppm in the drinking water. Negative (distilled water) and positive (cyclophosphamide) controls were included. After a 21-week treatment period, the animals were killed by cervical dislocation, and blood was obtained by cardiac puncture. Slides of femur marrow cells were prepared and blindly examined for the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MN-PCE). Slides of sperm from the cauda epididymides of the male mice were also prepared and similarly examined for morphological abnormalities. Weight of the testes was recorded, and the plasma, humeri, testes, and carcasses were saved for fluoride analyses. Analyses of bone and plasma fluoride confirmed the effective absorption of fluoride following ingestion. The frequency of MN-PCE, the count of abnormal sperm, and the weight of the testes for mice chronically exposed to fluoride, in doses ranging from approximately 0.3 to 23 mg/kg/day, were not significantly different from those of the negative control animals. The results of this study support the view that fluoride has no genotoxic effects.
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PMID:Genotoxic evaluation of chronic fluoride exposure: micronucleus and sperm morphology studies. 258 20


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