Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.23.15 (renin)
 35,795 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mechanism of thiazide induced sodium and potassium transport across the cell membranes of humans has not been extensively studied. To assess the effects of thiazide diuretics on erythrocyte sodium transport and potassium distribution we measured intracellular sodium and potassium, sodium-potassium ATPase activity (with and without ouabain) and total body potassium in normokalemic and mildly hypokalemic hypertensive patients. We also measured serum and urine sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, plasma renin activity and serum aldosterone levels. The study patients, on long-term thiazide, had measurements obtained during, one month after cessation and one month after resumption of thiazide. In this study of normokalemic and mildly hypokalemic hypertensives there were no significant measurement changes, in contrast to previous studies of severely hypokalemic hypertensives. These results suggested that thiazide did not routinely affect erythrocyte active membrane transport and potassium distribution in the absence of severe hypokalemia.
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PMID:Effects of thiazide on erythrocyte sodium and potassium concentrations and Na+K+ATPase in hypertensive patients. 283 5

Previous studies have suggested the presence of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) influencing blood pressure on rat chromosomes 2 and 13. In this study, we mapped the QTLs in F2 rats derived from a cross of the spontaneously hypertensive rat and the Wistar-Kyoto rat and analyzed the effect of the QTLs on blood pressures measured longitudinally between 12 and 25 weeks of age. We analyzed 16 polymorphic markers spanning 147.3 cM on chromosome 2 and 13 markers spanning 91.6 cM on chromosome 13. Both chromosomes contained QTLs with highly significant effects on blood pressure (peak logarithm of the odds [LOD] scores, 5.64 and 5.75, respectively). On chromosome 2, the peak was localized to a position at anonymous marker D2Wox7, 2.9 cM away from the gene for the sodium-potassium ATPase alpha 1-subunit. On chromosome 13, the major peak coincided with the marker D13Mit2, 21.7 cM away from the renin gene, but there was a suggestion of multiple peaks. The effect of the QTL on chromosome 2 was seen throughout from 12 to 25 weeks of age, whereas interestingly, the effect for the QTL on chromosome 13 was maximal at 20 weeks of age but disappeared at 25 weeks of age, presumably because of the effect of either epistatic factors or environmental influences. The findings provide important information on QTLs influencing blood pressure on rat chromosomes 2 and 13 that will be useful in localizing and identifying the causative genes and emphasize the importance of age being taken into account when the effects of individual QTLs on a trait that shows significant age-related changes are being analyzed.
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PMID:Analysis of quantitative trait loci for blood pressure on rat chromosomes 2 and 13. Age-related differences in effect. 895 8

Cardiac glycosides, the cardiotonic steroids such as digitalis have been in use as heart ailment remedy since ages. They manipulate the renin-angiotensin axis to improve cardiac output. However; their safety and efficacy have come under scrutiny in recent times, as poisoning and accidental mortalities have been observed. In order to better understand and exploit them as cardiac ionotropes, studies are being pursued using different cardiac glycosides such as digitoxin, digoxin, ouabain, oleandrin etc. Several cardiac glycosides as peruvoside have shown promise in cancer control, especially ovary cancer and leukemia. Functional variability of these glycosides has revealed that not all cardiac glycosides are alike. Apart from their specific affinity to sodium-potassium ATPase, their therapeutic dosage and behavior in poly-morbidity conditions needs to be considered. This review presents a concise account of the key findings in recent years with adequate elaboration of the mechanisms. This compilation is expected to contribute towards management of cardiac, cancer, even viral ailments.
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PMID:Plant-derived cardiac glycosides: Role in heart ailments and cancer management. 2778 Jan 31