Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.23.15 (renin)
 35,795 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One reliable, controlled and convenient method of delivering parenteral estrogen replacement therapy is by means of a transdermal patch known as the Estraderm Transdermal System, which contains a 17-beta estradiol formulation. The primary side effect appears to be a localized skin irritation in about 15 percent of the women using this route. Most women find this irritation annoying but not enough to necessitate stopping therapy. Studies indicate that the patch provides amelioration of climacteric symptoms that is comparable to the oral estrogens. Preliminary research shows that parenteral estrogen is as effective as oral estrogen in decreasing the risk of osteoporosis. No adverse changes in lipid-lipoprotein levels have been found. A recent Swedish study found an increased relative risk of breast cancer with estradiol and with combined estrogen-progestin use for postmenopausal therapy. Thus, more research on the long-term hormonal replacement effects of the patch is indicated. One advantage of the transdermal delivery system is a first bypass of the liver, thus decreasing the possible risk of renin substrate elevation and the potential increase in blood pressure associated with oral estrogen therapy.
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PMID:Estrogen replacement therapy and the estraderm transdermal system. 234 64

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was considered as main prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in postmenopausal women. Mechanisms of vasoprotective effect of this treatment are complex. However, recent data give rise to some uncertainties about HRT benefits and risks. Little is known about the effects of oral and transdermal HRT regimens on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) and blood pressure (BP). This 3-month study comprised 28 menopausal women (age range 45-55 years) divided into two groups: Group 1: 12 normotensive women with natural occurrence of menopause receiving oral treatment with Climen (Schering) containing estradiol valerate and cyproterone acetate; Group 2: 16 normotensive women with surgically induced menopause receiving transdermal application of Climara (Schering) containing 17beta-estradiol. There were no significant differences in office BP before and after treatment with Climara or Climen. However, ambulatory monitoring showed a significant fall in systolic BP (day-time, night-time and total 24-h) when estradiol alone was used. A similar trend towards lower values of systolic BP that was significant only for the night-time BP was observed after treatment with Climen. There were no significant changes in diastolic BP after both treatment regimens. Heart rate (day-time and 24-h) was significantly lower after transdermal estradiol treatment. There was no significant change in active renin after both treatment regimens. The present study showed that both treatment regimens resulted in lower ambulatory BP in normotensive postmenopausal women with more notable reduction in night-time BP. Increase in nocturnal dipping may account in part for the beneficial cardiovascular effects of HRT including decreased end-organ damage.
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PMID:Effect of different hormone replacement therapy regimens on circadian blood pressure profile and active renin in postmenopausal women. 1262 33