Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.23.15 (renin)
 35,795 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diabetic vascular complications constitute leading causes of blindness, renal failure, and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality world-wide. We studied haemodynamic and structural abnormalities associated with the development of microvascular complications and evaluated the effect of intervention with antihypertensive agents on these risk factors and complications in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM). Retinal thickness, urinary albumin excretion rate, and transcapillary escape rate of albumin were strongly associated in T2DM patients with maculopathy, suggesting that macular oedema is a marker of generalised vascular hyperpermeability in T2DM. Plasma from T2DM patients with maculopathy stimulated the expression of E-selectin in cultured endothelial cells. Reduced nocturnal blood pressure decline ("non-dipping") and elevated pulse pressure (PP) were associated with micro- and macrovascular complications and predicted progression of nephropathy in T2DM subjects. Non-dipping and elevated PP were associated with increased plasma levels of markers of endothelial activation in T2DM patients, suggesting that endothelial perturbation could represent a pathophysiological link between these haemodynamic risk factors and the development of vascular complications in T2DM. 4 months treatment with losartan 50 mg o.d. did not ameliorate macular oedema in T2DM patients with maculopathy. 12 months dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system with candesartan and lisinopril reduced ambulatory PP levels compared with high-dose lisinopril monotherapy in hypertensive T2DM subjects.
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PMID:Ambulatory blood pressure, endothelial perturbation, and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes. 2121 47

Non-dipping is a common pattern of arterial hypertension and it is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Use of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, as suggested in recent guidelines, could further increase its prevalence among subjects with hypertension. In this review we discuss assessment, relevance and associated factors. Non-dipping could be addressed through chronotherapy, the use of specific classes of anti-hypertensives, such as renin-angiotensin blockers, or modification of associated factors. However, more data are needed in order to comprehensively estimate factors associated with non-dipping and how they could be modified.
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PMID:Non-dipping status in arterial hypertension: an overview. 2301 64