Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.23.15 (renin)
 35,795 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Urocortins are human homologues of urotensin I, a fish corticotropin-releasing-factor- (CRF-) like peptide secreted from the urophysis. There are three urocortins: urocortin 1, urocortin 2, and urocortin 3 in mammals. We have shown that urocortin 1 and urocortin 3 are endogenously synthesized in the myocardial cells of human heart and may act on CRF type 2 receptor (CRFR2) expressed in the heart. Expression levels of urocortin 1 in the heart and plasma urocortin 1 levels are elevated in patients with heart failure. Recent studies have shown that urocortins have various biological actions in the cardiovascular system, such as a vasodilator action, a positive inotropic action, a cardioprotective action against ischemia/reperfusion injury, and suppressive actions against the renin angiotensin system and the sympathetic nervous system. Urocortins and CRFR2 may therefore be a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases, such as congestive heart failure, hypertension, and myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Distribution of urocortins and corticotropin-releasing factor receptors in the cardiovascular system. 2267 52

Acute carbon dioxide (CO2) poisoning causes no specific features that are revealed upon autopsy, and the pathophysiological mechanism of this syndrome is unclear. To address this issue, in the present study, we exposed rats to CO2 concentrations ranging from 10% to 60% and determined the effects on mRNA expression. According to the results of Gene Ontology (GO) and cluster analyses of microarrays data, we selected the following genes for further analysis: alkylglycerone phosphate synthase (Agps), hypocretin (Hcrt), tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), heat shock protein beta 2 (Hspb2), and opioid receptor delta 1 (Oprd1) expressed in the frontal cortex and renin (Ren), pancreatic polypeptide (Ppy), corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 2 (Crhr2), carbonic anhydrase 1 (Car1), and hypocretin receptor 1 (Hcrtr1) expressed in the hypothalamus. We found significant differences between the expression levels of Agps and Hspb2 mRNAs in the frontal cortex and that of Ppy, Crhr2 mRNAs in the hypothalamus in the presence of high concentrations of CO2. Further investigation of these genes may clarify the pathophysiology of acute CO2 poisoning and facilitate the development of novel forensic tests that can diagnose the cause of death.
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PMID:Expression of mRNA in the frontal cortex and hypothalamus in a rat model of acute carbon dioxide poisoning. 2625 16