Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.22.62 (caspase-9)
 7,507 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is well known that some caspases in apoptosis is involved in determinant of terminal differentiation and maturation of various cells. Our previous study ultrastructurally clarified the differentiation into M cells from immature microvillous epithelial cells and the redifferentiation from M cells to microvillous epithelial cells in the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) of rat Peyer's patch. In this study, the difference of epithelial apoptosis between the FAE of Peyer's patch and intestinal villi was immunohistochemically investigated in rat jejunoileum. As a result, cleaved caspase-3 was limited to several epithelial cells at the tip of FAE, whereas almost all of the epithelial cells were cleaved caspase-3 positive in intestinal villi. Cleaved caspase-9 was detected only in a few exfoliating or exfoliated epithelial cells of both FAE and intestinal villi. Nuclear DNA-fragmentation was detected only in several epithelial cells of the tip of FAE, while it was expressed from the middle regions in the intestinal villi. The DNase I expression of the epithelial cytoplasm was much weaker in FAE than in intestinal villi. Bcl-x expression was restricted in the apical cytoplasms of epithelial cells in the FAE, whereas it was restricted in whole cytoplasms in villous epithelial cells. These findings suggest that the progression of the apoptotic process in the epithelial cells of FAE is later than in the intestinal villi, so that the possibility of epithelial differentiation might be remained in the FAE, unlike in the intestinal villi.
 ...
PMID:Immunohistochemical study on the delayed progression of epithelial apoptosis in follicle-associated epithelium of rat Peyer's patch. 1805 26

To investigate the possibility that tumor cells undergoing linearly patterned programmed cell necrosis (LPPCN) establish a spatial foundation for vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and to reveal that hypoxia influences LPPCN formation as well as Endo G and DNase 1 expression, 78 C57 mice were divided evenly into two groups and engrafted with B16 melanoma. Starting 9 days after inoculation, subgroups of mice were killed every 2 days. LPPCN and the tumor blood supply vessel types were counted and Endo G and DNase 1 mRNA expression were measured. Additionally, 124 cases of human melanoma samples were collected to assess the clinical significance of LPPCN and VM. The data revealed that regions of LPPCN were positive for caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax, and negative for TUNEL staining. Electron microscopy images indicated that these cells took on the morphologic changes of necrosis. There was more DNase I mRNA expression in the hypoxic group than in the control group (P<0.05) in vitro, and the expression of Endo G mRNA in the hypoxic groups was significantly higher than that in the control groups both in vitro and in vivo (P<0.05). VM and LPPCN cell numbers in the ischemic group were higher than those in the control group in the early stage of tumor growth. Finally, the survival time for patients whose samples showed LPPCN and VM was significantly shorter than that of patients with one or neither of those factors. We speculated that under hypoxic conditions, some melanoma cells might undergo LPPCN, thus providing a spatial foundation for VM channel formation.
 ...
PMID:Hypoxia influences linearly patterned programmed cell necrosis and tumor blood supply patterns formation in melanoma. 1929 5