Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.22.32 (bromelain)
 1,025 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

CBA/N mice carry an X-linked recessive defect expressed in cells of the B cell lineage. The major deficiency in these mice is an almost complete inability to respond to certain thymus-independent antigens, such as pneumococcal polysaccharide type III (S III). We have examined the responses of mice carrying the CBA/N X-chromosome to the malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii and the piroplasm Babesia microti. We have found that the duration and severity of these infections is increased in mice carrying the CBA/N X-chromosome and that this is associated with a markedly defective IgM antibody response to the parasitized red cell and a failure to produce autoantibodies to bromelain-treated mouse RBCs. An autoimmune response directed at modified determinants on the red cell membrane may be one of the factors involved in the control of these infections.
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PMID:Immunity to Plasmodium yoelii and Babesia microti: modulation by the CBA/N X-chromosome. 31 44

The repertoire of autoantibody-producing B cells was evaluated in a collection of spleen- and thymus-derived hybridomas from 6- and 28-day-old BALB/c mice, which were untreated or prenatally tolerized with trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS). MoAb were tested for their reactivity with TNP-BSA and the autoantigens thyroglobulin (TG), myoglobin (MG), actin (AC), cytochrome C (CY), collagen (CO), transferrin (TF), single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), and bromelain-treated mouse red blood cells (BrMRBC). More than 10% of spleen cell (SC)-derived MoAb from 6- and 28-day-old control mice did bind to AC, ssDNA, dsDNA, MY, and TG, the frequency of MoAb reacting with MY, TG, and BrMRBC increasing with age. Thymus cell (TC)-derived hybridomas contained autoreactive clones too, but only few of them produced multireactive MoAb. MoAb from prenatally TNBS-treated mice were more frequently autoreactive than MoAb from control mice, especially if derived from TC hybridomas. The most remarkable difference in the reactivity pattern as compared with MoAb from untreated mice consisted of a significant increase in the frequency of TG-, My-, ssDNA- and above all dsDNA-reactive MoAb, all TC-derived multireactive MoAb binding to dsDNA. The differences in autoreactivity between MoAb from prenatally untreated and TNBS-treated mice as well as age- and organ-related variations support the interpretation that part of the repertoire of naturally activated B cells is not random but is influenced by and responding to the available panel of self antigens.
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PMID:Autoreactive antibodies in thymus and spleen of neonatal and young adult BALB/c mice: influence of prenatal tolerization. 184 57

A mouse monoclonal antibody against bromelain-treated mouse erythrocytes (BrMRBC) was conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate. Various cells from the blood and lymphoid tissues of mice were stained before and after protease treatment with the fluorescent antibody. Without protease treatment, only the platelets were specifically, though dully, fluorescent. Protease treatment made all the erythrocytes, the majority of platelets, thymus and bone marrow cells and a small part of the spleen cells brightly fluorescent. The reactivity of the antibody with cells depended on the temperature, being stronger at 0 than at 37 degrees C. The present findings demonstrate that various mouse cells besides erythrocytes bear the epitopes for anti-BrMRBC antibodies in exposed or hidden form.
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PMID:Reactivity of mouse antibodies against bromelain-treated mouse erythrocytes with various mouse cells before and after protease treatment. 245 58

Echinococcus granulosus protoscolex (PSC) infection of BALB/c mice led, after 4 days, to raised numbers of cells forming plaques with trinitrophenyl-treated sheep red cells and bromelain-treated mouse red cells. The findings were similar in athymic and euthymic CBA mice. Activation of B cells was accompanied by secretion of immunoglobulin, as indicated by the reverse plaque technique. In addition, co-culture of PSC with the 7OZ/3 pre-B-cell led to the induction of differentiation, resulting in the expression of surface immunoglobulin (Ig). It is concluded that E. granulosus is a polyclonal activator of B cells inducing both transformation and differentiation, and that the effect is thymus-independent.
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PMID:Activation of normal murine B cells by Echinococcus granulosus. 266 14