Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.21.73 (urokinase-type plasminogen activator)
 10,685 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

After thrombolytic therapy with urokinase (UK) plasmaimmunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP-ir) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was increased rapidly, and 2 hours after treatment with UK the plasma CGRP-ir reached peak value which was 5 times higher than that before thrombolytic therapy. Fourteen hours after therapy with UK the plasma CGRP-ir gradually decreased to the initial level before treatment. In rat model with abdominal aorta thrombosis induced by FeCl3-injured vascular endothelium, it was found that change in plasma CGRP-ir of the rats after treatment with UK was similar to that of AMI patients, and that administration of CGRP alone had no recanalization effect on the thrombotic blood vessel. However, treatment with CGRP synergically potentiated the UK-induced vascular recanalization in a dose-dependent manner. And antagonist of CGRP (CGRP8-37) significantly attenuated the recanalization action of UK. The results suggest that release of CGRP by tissues could play an endogenous protective role in thrombolytic therapy with UK, and exogenous administration of CGRP might be useful clinically as an assistant of vascular recanalization.
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PMID:[Calcitonin gene-related peptide and thrombolysis]. 822 67

The purpose of this study was to develope a rat model of cerebral artery thrombosis by adding FeCl3 to the surface of right middle cerebral artery (MCA) for 30 min. After 4 h, 8 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 1 week and 2 week, the extent of neurologic deficits of rats was evaluated and after 24 h and 48 h the size of cerebral infarction was measured. The results indicate that the features of neurologic deficits and infarction were similar to those of the rat focal cerebral ischemia model established by Tamura et al (1981). The nature of thrombus formed in our experiment is combined-thrombus. The antithrombotic effect of aspirin and the thrombolytic effect of urokinase were also examined. Aspirin (50 mg.kg-1) was given by duodenum 30 min before adding FeCl3 to the surface of the right MCA and urokinase (4000 U.kg-1, iv) was given 30 min after thrombosis. After operation, the behavior of rats were observed. The cerebral infarction was evaluated 24 h after thrombosis. The infarcted areas in the aspirin and the urokinase groups were reduced to 20% and 11% those of the control group, respectively. The neurologic deficits were also attenuated. These studies suggest that this rat model may be used for testing not only antithrombotic but also thrombolytic agents.
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PMID:[A rat middle cerebral artery thrombosis model for evaluation of thrombolytic and antithrombotic agents]. 870 41

In order to investigate the influences of taurine on thrombolysis serum endothelin (ET) concentration was determined in patients with acute myocardial infarcation (AMI) without urokinase (UK) treatment (group 1) and after treatment with UK (group 2) or UK combined with taurine (group 3). In a rat model with abdominal aorta thrombosed by FeCl3, the changes of serum ET, malodialdehyde (MDA) and intravascular thrombosis were observed in three groups same as in patients. The results were as follows: (1) Serum ET levels of group 1 patients at early phase of onset (6 hours) were significantly higher than those of the controls (47.3 +/- 6.3 ng/L vs 20.4 +/- 9.7 ng/L, P < 0.001). After two days serum ET decreased to normal level. Serum ET levels were significantly higher from 6 to 10 hours after the onset of AMI in group 2 than in group 1 (70.8 +/- 6.6 ng/L vs 56.9 +/- 8.6 ng/L, P < 0.01, at 8 hours). Serum ET levels were significantly lower from 8 hours to a week after onset of AMI in group 3 than in group 2 (33.3 +/- 8.2 ng/L vs 70.8 +/- 6.6 ng/L, P < 0.01, at 8 hours). (2) In the rat model with thrombosis of abdominal aorta, the changes of serum ET were similar to those of AMI patients. In addition serum MDA levels were significantly decreased (20.85 +/- 3.05 mumol/L vs 25.18 +/- 3.53 mumol/L after combined treatment with UK and taurine, P < 0.05). The ratio of cross area of vascular lumen and thrombus was lower after treatment with combination of UK and taurine than treatment with UK alone (0.4650 +/- 0.0928 vs 0.6176 +/- 0.1179, P < 0.05), the results suggested that taurine can decrease significantly serum ET levels, potentiate UK-induced vascular recanlization and reduce ischemia reperfusion injury. Taurine might be useful clinically as an adjunct of thrombolytic therapy.
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PMID:[Influences of taurine on thrombolysis]. 938 24

A novel fibrinolytic enzyme subtilisin FS33, which exhibits much higher activity for decomposing fibrin than urokinase, was purified from Douchi, a traditional soybean-fermented food in China. In order to increase bio-utilization and thrombus targetability of subtilisin FS33 labeled by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), the surface modified liposomes encapsulating subtilisin FS33 and FITC with a synthetic peptide Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS), being putatively a specific antagonist of fibrinogen receptor on platelet membrane, were prepared and used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy in a rat model thrombotic carotid artery. The arterial thrombosis was induced by applying two pieces of filter paper (1 x 2 cm) saturated with 10% of ferric chloride (FeCl3). The rats were infused via the jugular vein with either liposomes carrying BSA (control group) or RGDS-liposomes carrying subtilisin FS33 at doses of 2000 and 4000 U/kg. The plasma of the group infused with RGDS-liposomes showed higher antithrombotic and fibrinolytic activity than did the control group within 15-120 min after infusing. The higher the dose was gived, the higher the activity was shown. APTT(activiated partial thromboplastin time), PT (prothrombin time) and TT (thrombin time) were extended remarkably (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and FDP (fibrinogen degradation products) also increased greatly (P < 0.01), while ELT (euglobulinlysis time) decreased obviously (P < 0.05). FITC content in heart and brain evidently increased (P < 0.05), and results of D-dimer test were all positive. In addition, the venous thrombi in brain and kidney were dissolved totally or partly as observed by patholgical section. All these indicated that subtilisin FS33 enhanced the antithrombotic and fibrinolytic activities in rat, and RGDS-liposomes improved, in a certain degree, the thrombolytic specificity for targeting to thrombus.
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PMID:[Evaluating thrombolytic efficacy and thrombus targetability of RGDS-liposomes encapsulating subtilisin FS33 in vivo]. 2048 14