Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.21.7 (plasmin)
 9,023 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pentoxifylline (oxpentifylline) is a methylxanthine derivative with potent hemorrheologic properties. In the United States it is marketed for the treatment of intermittent claudication. Human and animal studies have shown that pentoxifylline therapy results in a variety of physiological changes at the cellular level, which may be important in treating a diverse group of human afflictions. Immune modulation includes increased leukocyte deformability and chemotaxis, decreased endothelial leukocyte adhesion, decreased neutrophil degranulation and release of superoxides, decreased production of monocyte-derived tumor necrosis factor, decreased leukocyte responsiveness to interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor, inhibition of T and B lymphocyte activation, and decreased natural killer cell activity. Hypercoagulable states improve through decreased platelet aggregation and adhesion, increased plasminogen activator, increased plasmin, increased antithrombin III, decreased fibrinogen, decreased alpha 2-antiplasmin, decreased alpha 1-antitrypsin, and decreased alpha 2-macroglobulin. Wound healing and connective tissue disorders may respond to an increase in fibroblast collagenases and decreased collagen, fibronectin, and glycosaminoglycan production. Fibroblast responsiveness to tumor necrosis factor is also diminished. Potential medical uses of pentoxifylline are reviewed.
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PMID:Pentoxifylline. 860 73

Cultured human melanoma cells were found to secrete TGF-beta mostly in latent biologically inactive form but in addition five of six melanoma cell lines studied produced in conditioned culture medium active TGF-beta in the range from 370 to 610 pg per 10(6) cells per 24 h. A distinct characteristic of these melanoma cell lines is that they form active surface-bound plasmin by the activation of plasminogen with surface-bound tissue-type plasminogen activator. The present study was performed to assess the role of plasmin in the process of latent TGF-beta activation in the melanoma cell lines. No direct correlation was found between cell-associated plasmin activity and the amount of active TGF-beta present in the conditioned medium of individual cell lines. The melanoma cell lines exhibited diverse responses to exogenous active TGF-beta 1; three cell lines were growth-stimulated, two were growth-inhibited, and one had a very low sensitivity to the growth factor. The active TGF-beta produced by the melanoma cells was found to inhibit the natural killer cell function of peripheral blood lymphocytes, suggesting that it may have an immunosuppressive effect and a role in the development of melanomas.
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PMID:Active transforming growth factor-beta in human melanoma cell lines: no evidence for plasmin-related activation of latent TGF-beta. 883 80