Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.21.7 (plasmin)
 9,023 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hydrolysis of collagen molecules in the presence of collagenolytic proteases A and C from the king crab has been studied by electrophoresis. Both proteases are shown to hydrolyze effectively type I and III collagens, patterns of the products differing for the proteases A and C. The thermal denaturation of the type I collagen increased the effectiveness of the enzymatic hydrolysis. The crab collagenolytic proteases catalyze the hydrolysis of such proteins as bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin, horse cytochrome c, mouse immunoglobulin G, casein and human fibrinogen, only elastin being resistant. The mechanisms of the fibrinogen cleavage differ not only for the proteases A and C but also for plasmin, whereas the efficiencies in all the cases are similar.
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PMID:[Hydrolysis of proteins by collagenolytic proteinases from the king crab]. 815 81

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI-2) is a 32-kDa extracellular matrix-associated kunitz-type serine proteinase inhibitor. It is secreted by all vascular cells and plays a role in tumor invasion and metastasis, presumably by plasmin-mediated matrix remodeling. Previous studies have shown high expression of TFPI-2 by benign tumors and low or absent expression in highly malignant tumors. Malignant meningiomas constitute 10-15% of all meningiomas and our previous studies revealed loss of expression of TFPI-2 in malignant gliomas. To investigate the role of TFPI-2 in the invasiveness of malignant meningiomas, we stably transfected the human meningioma cell line, IOMM-Lee, with a vector capable of expressing a transcript complementary to the full length of TFPI-2 mRNA in a sense orientation. Restoration of TFPI-2 led to decreased invasiveness of transfected cells compared to parental and vector controls in Matrigel and spheroid assays and inhibition of angiogenesis in in vitro co-cultures with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and in vivo dorsal skin assay studies. As assessed by Western blotting, we also observed increased expression of BAX, cytochrome c and caspase 3 as well as decreased expression of XIAP (X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis). Finally, TFPI-2 overexpression inhibited intracranial tumor formation in nude mice. Our data substantiate our previous observation that TFPI-2 plays an important role in tumor progression and has potential in anti-cancer therapy.
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PMID:Restoration of tissue factor pathway inhibitor inhibits invasion and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo in a malignant meningioma cell line. 1677 81

The precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (proBDNF) is enzymatically cleaved, by either intracellular (furin/PC1) or extracellular proteases (tPA/plasmin/MMP), to generate mature BDNF (mBDNF) and its pro-peptide (BDNF pro-peptide). Little is known about the function of BDNF pro-peptide. We have developed an antibody that specifically detects cleaved BDNF pro-peptide, but not proBDNF or mBDNF. Neuronal depolarization elicited a marked increase in extracellular BDNF pro-peptide, suggesting activity-dependent regulation of its extracellular levels. Exposure of BDNF pro-peptide to mature hippocampal neurons in culture dramatically reduced dendritic spine density. This effect was mediated by caspase-3, as revealed by studies with pharmacological inhibitors and genetic knockdown. BDNF pro-peptide also increased the number of 'elongated' mitochondria and cytosolic cytochrome c, suggesting the involvement of mitochondrial-caspase-3 pathway. These results, along with BDNF pro-peptide effects recently reported on growth cones and long-term depression (LTD), suggest that BDNF pro-peptide is a negative regulator of neuronal structure and function.
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PMID:BDNF pro-peptide regulates dendritic spines via caspase-3. 2731 Aug 73