Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.21.69 (APC)
 16,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Regulation of normal haemostasis and blood flow involves complex interactions between plasma proteins and blood cells, including platelets, leukocytes and the endothelial lining of blood vessels. Thrombin acts as a pivot in the maintenance of the haemostatic balance; the vascular endothelial cell in particular limits the generation of thrombin by localisation of anticoagulant processes on its luminal membrane. The endothelial cell synthesises key molecules in this process and also binds exogenously derived molecules, as well as releasing proteins of the fibrinolysis cascade. The thromboresistance of the luminal surface is further regulated by lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase metabolites of unsaturated fatty acids synthesised by the endothelial cell. In response to trauma, inflammatory reactions, normal wound healing and in association with a variety of disease states, the anticoagulant and fibrinolytic mechanisms are downregulated and the procoagulant and thrombotic mechanisms predominate with resultant generation of thrombin, fibrin clot formation and subsequent platelet adhesion and aggregation. Pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic cytokines downregulate the fibrinolytic and activated protein C pathways as well as inducing synthesis of specific procoagulant and prothrombotic mediators by platelets and leukocytes as well as endothelium.
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PMID:Normal haemostasis and its regulation. 269 45

Curry leaves (Murraya koenigii L. Spreng, Rutaceae) is an herbal species used in traditional medicine in eastern Asia. In this study, the antioxidant protein was purified by homogenization of curry leaves powder in Tris buffer, 65% ammonium sulphate precipitation and gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 column which resulted in three peaks (PI, PII and PIII). PII protein inhibited lipid peroxidation in human RBC ghost at 100 microg by 80%, whereas PI and PIII at 600 microg showed moderate antioxidant activity (40-50%). Homogeneity of PII was confirmed by rechromatographing on Sephadex G-75 and reverse phase HPLC. The antioxidant protein (PII) from curry leaves (APC) showed apparent molecular weight of 35 kDa by SDS-PAGE and MALDI/MS analysis. The protein nature of APC was established by the presence of amino acids and loss of antioxidant activity on heat and protease treatment. The APC at 0.8 microM inhibited lipoxygenase activity by 71%, effectively prevented diene, triene and tetraene lipids formation at 3 microM, and scavenged about 85% hydroxyl and DPPH radicals at 150-fold lesser concentration compared to BHA and alpha-tocopherol (400 microM). In addition, APC reduced cytochrome c and ferric ion, chelated ferrous ion, and inhibited ferrous sulfate: ascorbate-induced fragmentation and sugar oxidation to 80-90%. Thus, the present study demonstrates the in vitro characterization of antioxidant protein from the curry leaves (M. koenigii L.).
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PMID:Purification and characterization of approximately 35 kDa antioxidant protein from curry leaves (Murraya koenigii L.). 1808 61