Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.4.21.6 (thromboplastin)
13,278 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The balance of coagulation and fibrinolysis was studied in 15 horses during the prodromal stages of acute laminitis induced by carbohydrate overload. Progression of the disease was stopped 12 to 24 hours before the expected onset of lameness in trial 1 (8 horses) and at the onset of lameness in trial 2 (7 horses). The end points in each trial were identified by specific changes in blood pressures (trial 1) and by changes in pulse, rectal temperature, and arterial pressure (trial 2) that were anticipated on the basis of original description of the experimental model. Blood samples for hemostasis evaluation were collected before and after carbohydrate overload in trial 1 and after carbohydrate overload in trial 2. Significant changes were not detected in platelet count, mean platelet volume, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen concentration, plasminogen concentration, alpha-2-antiplasmin, antithrombin III, protein C, thromboxane B2, or fibrin(ogen) degradation product concentration. We concluded that an imbalance in coagulation and fibrinolysis is not pathogenic in the onset of experimentally induced equine acute laminitis. Because several test methods used to evaluate hemostasis in these horses were new, reference values for 34 healthy adult horses were established.
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PMID:Evaluation of coagulation and fibrinolysis during the prodromal stages of carbohydrate-induced acute laminitis in horses. 208 21

We determined the following coagulo-fibrinolytic activities in 24 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 20 healthy adults: prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (A-PTT), factor VIII: coagulant activity), von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF: Ag), antithrombin-III (AT-III), plasminogen (PLG), alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2 PI), alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex (PIC), protein C (PC: activity and antigen concentration), and protein S (PS: total PS and free PS). PLG, AT-III, PC antigen concentration and total PS were significantly decreased in ten female controls as compared with ten male controls. Therefore, we used the ten healthy females as controls and excluded two male SLE patients in the analysis of the correlations of coagulo-fibrinolytic activities with lupus anticoagulant (LA), clinical and laboratory features in 22 female patients with SLE. In the SLE patients, PT was significantly shortened, while A-PTT was prolonged. PLG, PC activity and antigen, and total PS were significantly increased, and free PS levels were decreased in SLE. The shortened PT and decreased free PS suggest hypercoagulable states in SLE patients. A significant prolongation of A-PTT and a decrease of F VIII activity were observed in the six LA-positive SLE patients, and the results were considered as known effects of LA. Furthermore, vWF: Ag, AT-III and PC antigen levels were significantly increased in the LA-positive patients as compared with LA-negative patients. These changes indicate both vascular endothelial cell damages and a compensatory increase in coagulation inhibitors in the LA-positive patients.
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PMID:[Regulation of coagulo-fibrinolytic activity and lupus anticoagulants in systemic lupus erythematosus]. 212 31

The effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) on the mechanism of coagulation in postmenopausal patients were studied and compared with those of tamoxifen by a retrospective analysis. The coagulation test parameters tested included platelet count, bleeding time, clotting time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and the levels of fibrinogen, fibrin degradation products, factor II, factor V, plasminogen, alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2-PI) and alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex (alpha 2-PI-P). A shortened APTT was noted and the levels of factors II, V, alpha 2-PI and alpha 2-PI-P were also out of the normal range during treatment in the MPA-treated group. However, these abnormal parameters recovered to within the normal range from 6 months or more after the commencement of treatment without any termination of drug administration. The patients were all asymptomatic. In contrast, a slight prolongation of bleeding time which persisted for more than 6 months was observed in the patients treated with tamoxifen. These data suggest that MPA causes a hypercoagulable state and that any change must be carefully monitored during treatment with either MPA or tamoxifen.
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PMID:The induction of a hypercoagulable state by medroxyprogesterone acetate in breast cancer patients. 215 Jun 78

To determine whether children treated with chronic peritoneal dialysis have a hypercoagulable state, various coagulation and fibrinolytic factor concentrations or activities were measured in 17 children undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis. The patients had significantly increased activities of factors VII and VIII, and increased concentrations of von Willebrand factor (vWF), fibrinogen, factor XIIIA and factor XIIIS compared to reference values (P less than 0.001 in each case). The activated partial thromboplastin time was prolonged (P less than 0.001) and the thrombin clotting time was decreased (P less than 0.05) in these children. The prothrombin time and activities of factors XII, XI, IX, X, V and II were not significantly different from control values. Protein C concentrations were similar to normal, but antithrombin III concentrations were increased (P less than 0.05). Within the fibrinolytic pathway, decreased concentrations of plasminogen were found (P less than 0.001) and the concentrations of alpha-2-antiplasmin were increased (P less than 0.001). The plasma albumin concentration was below 33 g/l in 13 of the 17 children. The duration of treatment with peritoneal dialysis was directly correlated with vWF concentrations (P less than 0.001) and inversely correlated with factor VII concentrations (P less than 0.01). Of these patients 2 have since had clinical thrombotic episodes. The coagulation abnormalities found may have a role in the occurrence of thrombosis complicating renal transplantation.
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PMID:Coagulation abnormalities in chronic peritoneal dialysis. 239 81

The pathophysiology of bleeding manifestations in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) was elucidated by serially evaluating coagulation and fibrinolytic profiles and complement alterations in patients with HFRS. In the early stage of the disease, platelet counts, platelet survival time, and platelet aggregation in vitro decreased. Prolongation of bleeding time, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time was noted, with decreases in coagulation factors II, V, VIII, IX, and X. Levels of fibrinogen were decreased, and those of fibrinogen-fibrin degradation products in serum and urine were increased. Concentrations of plasminogen, alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor, and antithrombin III in plasma were depressed. Procoagulant activity was present in plasma. Circulating immune complexes were found, whereas serum levels of C3 were decreased. In the early stage of HFRS, thrombocytopenia, defects in platelet function, and disseminated intravascular coagulation may play central roles in the pathogenesis of bleeding manifestations. Vasculopathy and immunologic aberrations also may play a role.
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PMID:Coagulopathy in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (Korean hemorrhagic fever). 256 77

We studied the effects of FR-860 on coagulative and fibrinolytic activities in human plasma compared to conventional unfractionated heparin (UF-heparin). Both FR-860 and UF-heparin dose-dependently prolonged the recalcification time, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, factor Xa (F.Xa) clotting time and thrombin time. These effects of FR-860 were weaker than that of UF-heparin. FR-860 showed equipotent efficacy on the anti-F.Xa activity, and weak antithrombin activity compared to UF-heparin. FR-860 had no effects on the activity of ATIII and fibrinolytic activity. UF-heparin shortened the urokinase-activated euglobulin lysis time and showed antiplasmin activity, but did not influence the activities of ATIII, plasminogen and alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor. UF-heparin decreased the fibrinogen level at higher doses. These efficacies of FR-860 were weaker than that of UF-heparin. These results suggest that FR-860 is more efficient and lower in bleeding risk than UF-heparin in clinical use.
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PMID:[Effects of low molecular weight heparin (FR-860) on coagulative and fibrinolytic activities]. 261 5

To investigate causes of the age-dependent increase of thromboembolic events, plasma coagulation parameters were determined in healthy elderly blood donors in comparison with young, and elderly diseased blood donors. Partial thromboplastin and thrombin clotting times were slightly shortened, whereas prothrombin and reptilase clotting times were unaltered. Plasma concentration of clotting factors like F I, VII, VIII: C, X, HMW-kininogen and prekallikrein were increased, whereas the coagulation inhibitor antithrombin III was decreased. Concerning fibrinolysis, plasminogen and alpha-2-antiplasmin were not affected by age, but plasminogen activators in the euglobulin fraction were lower. This shift in the pattern of coagulation factors favors enhanced fibrin formation and delayed fibrinolysis in the elderly. Higher intermediary products demonstrate that activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis happen more often in elderly healthy people. Together with blood stasis and vessel wall damage, this shift of the hemostatic balance contributes to a higher incidence of thromboembolic disorders in the aged.
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PMID:Blood coagulation factors in the elderly. 264 86

As part of a European multicentre prospective study involving the measurement of a number of haemostatic factors, a quality assessment (QA) scheme was organized. This paper describes the preparation, design and results of the first QA exercise, involving 16 European laboratories and 10 haemostatic assays. The design allowed the investigation, for each assay, of the variability between duplicates and the variability between days within each centre, and of the agreement between centres. A graphical presentation of each centre's performance in comparison to that of others was adopted, which preserved the confidentiality of each centre's results. The factor VIII clotting activity assay (VIII:C) and the rocket immuno-electrophoresis assays of von Willebrand factor related antigen (vWF R:Ag), antithrombin III, protein C and histidine-rich glycoprotein showed the highest between-duplicate and between-day coefficients of variation (CVs), whereas the clotting assays of activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrinogen had the lowest CVs. CVs for the enzymatic assays using synthetic substrates of antithrombin III, plasminogen and alpha-2-antiplasmin were between these extremes. The between-centre CVs were high for both the VIII:C and vWF R:Ag assays. The QA exercise showed that, in multicentre studies involving the measurement of haemostatic factors, it is feasible to undertake analysis locally at each centre.
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PMID:The measurement of haemostatic factors in 16 European laboratories: quality assessment for the Multicentre ECAT Angina Pectoris Study. Report from the European Concerted Action on Thrombosis and Disabilities (ECAT). 266 75

Eighty patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR) were randomly allocated to three groups. Group I (n = 29) received general anaesthesia, Group II (n = 29) epidural anaesthesia and Group III (n = 22) the same epidural as Group II and the same general anaesthesia as Group I but with a lower isoflurane concentration. Prothrombin time (PT), activated thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FG), plasminogen (PG), antithrombin III (AT III), protein C (Proc C), alpha-2-antiplasmin (alpha 2AP), Factor VIII coagulating activity (F VIII:C), von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag), von Willebrand ristocetin cofactor (vWF:Rcof), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) as antigen and activity were measured before induction (A), at the end of surgery (B), on the first postoperative morning (C) and 7 days postoperatively (D). The most relevant finding was that AT III was equally depressed immediately after surgery in all groups, but returned to normal significantly faster in the epidural group (mean values at C: 96.2% in Group I, 104.1% in Group II, 92.7% in Group III). The faster return to normal of AT III after epidural anaesthesia could be one of the mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effect of this technique on the prevention of thromboembolic complications.
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PMID:Coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters in patients undergoing total hip replacement: influence of the anaesthesia technique. 268 46

It is thought that a hypercoagulable state contributes to the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD), but few sensitive markers have been available for detecting the state. In the present study the plasma level of thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), a specific indicator of thrombin generation in blood, was investigated before and after a submaximal exercise test in 18 patients with CAD and in 12 healthy controls. The mean (+/- SEM) value of plasma TAT before the exercise was 3.30 (0.81) ng/ml in the patient group and 1.49 (0.08) ng/ml in controls, and its level increased to 29.22 (5.74) ng/ml and 12.07 (2.89) ng/ml after the exercise, respectively. Thus, the TAT value in the patient group was higher than that in the controls both before and after the exercise. However, no differences could be found between the groups in the following parameters; prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, antithrombin III, fibrinogen, FDP, plasminogen, alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor, and alpha 2-macroglobulin. Through these results it was concluded that plasma TAT level could be a sensitive marker for latent activation of blood coagulation, and also that the results of these experiments showed that patients with CAD were in a latent hypercoagulable state.
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PMID:Application of thrombin-antithrombin III complex for detecting a latent hypercoagulable state in patients with coronary artery disease. 269 50


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