Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.21.6 (thromboplastin)
 13,278 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A letter was written in response to an article by Dr. Jean Coope et al. Regarding the use of natural estrogens in postmenopausal women and their effect on blood clotting. Their results differ considerably from those of a recently published investigation. In the latter investigation 45 postmenopausal women were selected at random and were treated with conjugated estrogen (Premarin) for 1 year. Blood estimations of fibrinogen, platelets, single-stage prothrombin time, kaolin partial thromboplastin time, Factors 5 and 10, and euglobulin lysis time were carried out prior to treatment, after 3 and 9 months of treatment and 1 month after treatment had been suspended. The only marked alteration noted was a depressant effect on the platelet count. The raised level of Factor 10 and accelerated prothrombin time reported by Dr. Coope were not seen.
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PMID:Letter: Effect of replacement therapy with natural oestrogens on blood clotting. 17 78

A follow-up study of blood clotting and platelet aggregation was performed on 21 women who had received long-term hormone replacement treatment with conjugated equine oestrogens. The prothrombin time and factor VII and X values were significantly accelerated after three months, but there was no further increase with continual administration for 18 months. After 12 to 18 months' treatment, however, thrombin-induced platelet aggregation (Chandler's tube) was also significantly accelerated, which suggested a widening spectrum of effect. No overall acceleration of "intrinsic" clotting (partial thromboplastin time and thromboelastography) was found during the study, but the relatively small numbers may have been responsible. Further efforts are therefore required to find formulations and doses of oestrogens which, while relieving menopausal symptoms, cause less acceleration of blood clotting and platelet aggregation.
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PMID:Conjugated equine oestrogens and blood clotting: a follow-up report. 19 5

Detailed coagulation studies were performed in a group of 19 patients with primary hepatocellular cancer (PHC) and the results were compared statistically with the findings in 19 control subjects. Various funcitonal and immunochemical methods were employed in determining the possible presence of functional or structural coagulant protein abnormalities. The patient group was characterized by prolonged prothrombin times, partial thromboplastin times, and Reptilase times, increased levels of fibrinogen, factor VIII, and factor VIII-related antigen, moderately devreased levels of factor V, factor IX, factor X, antithrombin III, and plasminogen, and reduced levels of factor II and factor VII. Functional, immunochemical, and biochemical analysis failed to detect the presence of acquired protein abnormalities. These findings indicate that hemostatic changes in primary hepatocellular cancer are nonspecific in character. Severe alterations in the plasma levels of one or more of these hemostatic factors may occur.
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PMID:Hemostatic factors in primary hepatocellular cancer. 19 99

The functional capabilities of a thermometric clot-timer have been demonstrated in a comparative study of human and mouse plasma coagulation. The influence of some variables on coagulation times of mouse and human plasmas were examined in activated partial thromboplastin time, one-stage prothrombin time, and Russell's viper venom time assays. Mouse plasma coagulation times were generally shorter and more reproducible than those of human plasma. Optimal assay conditions are also described.
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PMID:Comparative thermometric coagulation studies of plasmas from normal outbred Swiss Webster mice and persons. 22 38

The inhibitory effects of a newly synthesized protease inhibitor, Gabexate mesilate (FOY), on experimental disseminated intravascular coagulation were studied as compared with those of aprotinin or heparin. Thrombin, tissue thromboplastin, and endotoxin were used as DIC trigger substances. As parameters on DIC, platelet counts, white blood cell counts, neutrophilic leukocyte counts, fibrinogen, fibrin degradation products, platelet retention, platelet aggregation, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time were served. The drug efficacy in each parameter were expressed by the score system and analyzed statistically. The results were summarized as follows; (1) In thrombin-induced DIC, FOY was apparently superior to the other drugs (p less than 0.05). (2) In thromboplastin-induced DIC, heparin was slightly more effective than FOY or aprotinin. (3) In endotoxin infusion, there were no significant differences among them. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that FOY was more effective than heparin or aprotinin on experimental DIC.
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PMID:Inhibitory effects of gabexate mesilate (FOY) on experimental DIC. 22 8

Cyanate reacts with unchanged amino groups of various proteins in a specific irreversible carbamylation reaction. The effect of this molecule on the clotting process and the effects of carbamylation on the clotting proteins and platelet functions were investigated in vitro. An immediate effect on the clotting proteins, not related to pH, was seen in the screening tests prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time at the highest concentration (100 mM), to a lesser degree at the lower concentration (10 mM). These changes reflected decreases of 19 and 36% respectively in Factor V and X activity, an inhibition of 63-75% of Factors VII, IX, X and XI activity, and 80% inhibition of thrombin activity. The inhibitory changes of carbamylation increased with time. No changes were seen in the activity of Factors I and VIII. Platelet function studies revealed no inhibition of Factor III release; aggregation was abnormal only at high concentrations with epinephrine and collagen induction and partially reversible by resuspension in normal plasma.
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PMID:The effect of cyanate on the clotting proteins and platelet function. 23 14

Serial coagulation studies were performed in 26 pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during initial induction therapy with vincristine, prednisone, and L-asparaginase. Prolongation of screening coagulation tests was frequent: prothrombin time (in 16 of 26 patients), partial thromboplastin time (23/26) and thrombin time (21/26). In all 26 patients fibrinogen levels fell below .20 g/100 ml and 16 had levels below .10 g/100 ml. Sixteen patients had plasma coagulation factor assays performed. In these 16 patients, Factor XI was less than 40% in 14 and Factor XI was less than 70% in 9, with only a few scattered low levels of other factors. There were no clinical bleeding episodes. Coagulation abnormalities returned to normal at the completion of L-asparaginase therapy while the patients remained on vincristine and prednisone.
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PMID:The effect of L-asparaginase of plasma coagulation factors in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 26 3

Three children with haemophilia and antibodies to factor VIII were treated with a non-activated prothrombin concentrate (Prothrombinex) for 12 bleeding episodes. There was clear clinical response and joint aspirations were performed after infusions of phothrombinex in a dose of 30--50 factor IX units/kg body weight and there was no clinical evidence of thrombosis or febrile reactions. There was a significant shortening of the activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT) at one and four hours after the initial infusion with a return to pre-infusion levels 9--24 hours after infusion. The shortening in the PTT was less marked in subsequent infusions. There were no changes in the level of factor VIII procoagulant activity, factor VIII related antigen or factor VIII antibodies after the infusion. In two patients platelet function studies were unaltered by the infusion and in one patient procoagulant levels of factor II, IX and X were no greater than expected from the infusion. We conclude that infusions of non-activated prothrombin concentrates are clinically effective in the treatment of children with haemophilia and factor VIII antibodies but the mechanism of action is unknown.
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PMID:The use of non-activated prothrombin concentrate in the management of haemophilia A with factor VIII antibodies. 26 89

In four children with haemophilia A and antibodies to factor VIII, 18 bleeding episodes were randomized for treatment with factor VIII concentrate (30 units/kg) and 18 for treatment with a prothrombin-complex concentrate (prothrombinex) given in a dose of 30 units of factor IX/kg. Treatment with prothrombinex was associated with a better clinical response, a significantly greater shortening of the kaolin partial thromboplastin time and significantly lower incidence of post-infusion increase of levels of factor VIII antibodies. Although treatment with factor VIII concentrate was clinically successful in 15 episodes, treatment failures occurred in three instances leading to parental request for withdrawal from study in two families.
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PMID:A randomized study of factor VIII or prothrombin complex concentrate infusions in children with haemophilia and antibodies to factor VIII. 28 89

An episode of disseminated intravascular coagulation following therapeutic gelfoam embolization to control bleeding from esophageal varices in a patient with liver disease is presented. We have since followed 13 patients prospectively (six control and seven gelfoam/autologous clot) to determine the effect of this procedure on clotting. We were unable to show significant differences between the two groups as measured by the prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen and platelet count. However, fibrin (ogen) degradation products were significantly elevated (p less than .01) in the gelfoam/autologous clot group. We suspect this occurred secondary to clot lysis at the site of embolization. No subsequent bleeding diathesis attributable to this abnormality occurred in any of the patients.
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PMID:Gelfoam and autologous clot embolization: effect on coagulation. 30 83


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