Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.21.6 (thromboplastin)
 13,278 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were placed on a drinking solution containing either 10 parts per million (ppm) carbaryl or water for 30 days. Plasma was analyzed for the prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, and clotting factor activity for coagulation factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XII and the platelet count. Only two hematological parameters measured were statistically different from the controls; these parameters were the platelet count and factor VII activity, both of which were reduced. Histological examination of the hepatic tissue illustrated that a number of pathological changes were occurring.
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PMID:The effects of acute carbaryl exposure on clotting factor activity in the rat. 642 59

In order to determine the effects of repetitive compression-decompression cycles on hematologic and hemostatic factors in humans, 14 subjects were exposed to 150 ft sea water gauge (fswg) for 30 min with standard U.S. Navy decompression on each of 12 consecutive days. Red blood cell number, volume, and size distribution; hemoglobin concentration; hematocrit; white blood cell number and differential counts; platelet number and volume; prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times; and fibrinogen and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products were measured in venous blood samples collected before the first and after alternate dives. Subjects in the study had no symptoms other than pruritus and occasional fatigue following the exposures. More than 60% had venous gas emboli detectable by precordial doppler monitoring which generally persisted for 3-5 h after surfacing. Results show a small decrease in red cell mass, with an increase in size distribution and no change in mean corpuscular volume. No change in total white cell number was noted, but the basophilic granulocytes and atypical lymphocytes were elevated at the end of the series. A biphasic change was noted in monocyte number, and immature neutrophilic granulocytes were reduced. No change in platelet number or volume, or in the prothrombin/partial thromboplastine time, was apparent. Although fibrinogen concentration significantly decreased during the exposures, fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products remained undetectable. All changes remained in a clinically acceptable range.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Hematologic and hemostatic changes with repetitive air diving. 646 54

Bleeding time in rats was markedly prolonged after the administration of the water extract of Hsien-Ho-T'sao. This antihemostatic effect was more marked in the group of i.p. injection of the drug than in the group of p.o. administration for 2 or 7 consecutive days. Blood coagulation studies showed that plasma prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and stypven time were prolonged, while thrombin time and fibrinogen level were not changed. The thromboelastographic recording showed that reaction time was prolonged and maximal elasticity of clot was decreased. In addition, ADP- and collagen- induced aggregations of platelet-rich plasma were suppressed. In conclusion, the prolongation of the bleeding time might be due to both anticoagulant and antiplatelet action of the drug.
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PMID:Antihemostatic effect of Hsien-Ho-T'sao (Agrimonia pilosa). 649 95

Female Sprague-Dawley rats were placed on a drinking solution of 1 ppm Diazinon or malathion dissolved in water for 6 months. At the conclusion of the experiment liver tissue and plasma were examined. Clotting studies included the prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen, and factors II, V, VII, X, plus the platelet count. Hepatic morphology, basically hepatocyte degeneration, was altered by malathion while diazinon had no notable effect. Likewise, malathion prolonged both the PT and APTT, the only changes in clotting activity.
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PMID:The effects of long-term malathion or diazinon ingestion on the activity of hepatic synthesized clotting factors. 666 56

Experiments were performed to determine whether activation of the coagulation cascade was required for pulmonary vascular permeability to increase during microembolization of the lung. For 30-45 min air microemboli were intravenously infused (0.05-0.10 ml X kg-1 X min-1) into awake sheep with chronic lung-lymph fistulas and anesthetized mongrel dogs. During embolization the pulmonary arterial pressure increased, and O2 partial pressure (PaO2) fell by more than 20 Torr (P less than 0.01). Subsequently lymph flow nearly tripled without a change in the lymph-to-plasma protein concentration ratio. Partial thromboplastin and prothrombin times, biological activity of antithrombin III, and circulating concentration of 125I-labeled dog or sheep fibrinogen did not change during or following air infusion. In two additional sheep an intravenous infusion of thrombin at 0.6 U X kg-1 X min-1 for 15 min resulted in a 20% decrease in 125I-labeled sheep fibrinogen concentration without a change in pulmonary arterial pressure or PaO2. We conclude that air microembolization can increase permeability to water and protein without a detectable activation of the coagulation cascade in the sheep or dog.
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PMID:Assessment of coagulation cascade during air microembolization of the lung. 666 65

A simple microtechnique for carrying out partial thromboplastin time with kaolin tests with 2 microliter or less of test plasma is described. For single stage factor assays, less than 1 microliter of test solution may be used. Reagents and test plasma are loaded in sequence into a 10 microliter, long needle syringe and introduced into a micro test-tube immobilized in a water bath. The end-point is taken as a positive clearing of kaolin turbidity from the mixture while stirring. Correlation with normal techniques has been excellent.
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PMID:A micromethod for clotting tests and coagulation factor assays. 677 62

Female rats were given either ethinyl estradiol or norethindrone in conjunction with water or 5% ethanol. Hematological parameters measured included the prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB), factors II, V, VII, VIII, X, and XII activity; plus the platelet count (PLT) and hematocrit (HCT). The data indicates that norethindrone together with water produces the greatest number of changes in clotting activity.
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PMID:Interaction between ethanol and contraceptive steroids on clotting activity in the rat. 685 68

The relationship between gastric mucosal hemorrhage and coagulation-fibrinolysis of fasting, restraint and water immersion stress (FS) rats was studied in comparison with normal (N) and fasting (F) rats. In this case, the FS group was fasted for 18 h prior to the stress application and then subjected to restraint and water immersion for various intervals. The F group was fasted for 18 h plus the time comparable to the stress load. Gastric mucosal erosions with bleeding were recognized from 1 h after the stress load only in FS group and the hemorrhagic erosion index progressively increased 1 to 16 h. In the FS group, prothrombin time and active partial thromboplastin time gradually prolonged with time course from 8 and 1 h, respectively, and plasma prothrombin level remarkably decreased from 1 h, although no changes in these parameters were observed in the F group. Plasminogen activator activity in gastric mucosa significantly increased in not only FS group but also F group from 0.5 h as compared with N group. However, no significant difference was seen between F and FS groups on this activity. Plasma plasminogen and antiplasmin levels in FS group were lower than those of N group, 3 h later. It is suggested from these results that sustained hemorrhage from the gastric mucosa in this stress ulcer may be associated with high fibrinolytic activity in the gastric mucosa and the delay of blood coagulation.
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PMID:Biochemical studies on experimental stress ulcer. I. Gastric mucosal hemorrhage and coagulation fibrinolysis in rat stress ulcer. 697 25

Numerous hypotheses exist to explain observed blood-materials interactions. It is the purpose of this article to test two popular hypotheses, namely, the minimum interfacial free energy hypothesis and the optimum polar/apolar ratio hypothesis. Methacrylate polymers and copolymers were characterized using the captive bubble underwater contact angle method; bulk water content was determined by gravimetric methods; streaming potential measurements were made; and surface roughness and possible particulate contamination were evaluated by reflected light microscopy. In vitro blood tests include whole blood clotting time measurements on polymer-coated tubes; centrifugal force platelet adhesion on polymer-coated coverslips; and a measure of the partial thromboplastin time, Russell's viper venom time (Stypven time), and the prothrombin time of native whole blood exposed to polymer-coated microscope slides. Results suggest that platelet adhesion correlates in the opposite direction of whole blood clotting time and partial thromboplastin time, emphasizing the need for a multiparameter approach to blood-materials testing. Based on these tests the minimum interfacial free energy hypothesis is not supported. In fact, the data suggest the opposite to be true. It is apparent that platelet adhesion can be a misleading indicator of blood compatibility. Neither hypothesis can explain the apparent conflict between the platelet adhesion data and the coagulation time data.
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PMID:Blood-materials interactions: the minimum interfacial free energy and the optimum polar/apolar ratio hypotheses. 710 56

Fresh-frozen plasma can be thawed rapidly in a microwave oven without loss of function of coagulation factors and with no adverse effects to the patients. In patients receiving fresh-frozen plasma thawed in a microwave oven, the prothrombin time was decreased by an average of 2.9 sec per unit, and the activated partial thromboplastin time was decreased by an average of 9.6 sec per unit, compared with decrease of 2.6 sec and 6.3 sec for patients receiving fresh-frozen plasma thawed in a water bath at 37 degrees C.
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PMID:Comparison of fresh-frozen plasmas thawed in a microwave oven and in a 37 degrees C water bath. 725 43


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