Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.4.21.6 (thromboplastin)
13,278 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diclofenac (Voltarol) has no effect on carbohydrate metabolism, insulin levels or tolbutamide metabolism, nor does it enhance the effect of tolbutamide, biguanide or glibenclamide. Although it produces minimal increases in prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times in healthy volunteers, it does not significantly affect the individual clotting factors, nor does it, in patients, enhance the effect of acenocoumarol or phenprocoumon. Like many other other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, it increases platelet aggregation time. There is a pharmacokinetic interaction between aspirin and diclofenac. Two independent studies have shown that aspirin markedly reduces the bioavailability of diclofenac, as measured by "area under the curve". Furthermore, patients exhibiting aspirin sensitivity as bronchospasm are likely to react to diclofenac in the same manner. Finally, diclofenac, as tested using excretion of 51Cr labelled red cells, induces minimal gastrointestinal blood loss, significantly less so than aspirin or naproxen.
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PMID:Diclofenac sodium (Voltarol): drug interactions and special studies. 39 76

Somatostatin (SRIF) given intravenously, either as a single bolus or as a 2 hr infusion caused a significant prolongation of partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and depressed platelet counts and platelet aggregation in the rat. Following daily injections of protamin-zinc SRIF for 2 weeks the platelet count returned to normal, PTT remained prolonged and platelet aggregation was enhanced. The doses of SRIF used in this work were adequate to suppress the secretion of insulin and glucagon by the isolated pancreatic islets of treated animals.
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PMID:Somatostatin-induced changes in the hemostasis of rats. 46 25

In continuation of previous in vitro experiments the influence of glucose infusions on the following haemostatic functions was investigated: bleeding time, platelet count, platelet aggregation, release reaction, fibrinogen concentration, partial thromboplastin time. Five volunteers with normal metabolism a glucose infusion (100 g) was given for two hrs. Before, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hrs after the beginning of the infusion blood sugar, insulin level and haemostatic parameters were determined. Apart from an increase in the glucose and insulin level, a prolonged bleeding time, increased platelet count, inhibition of platelet aggregation and release reaction occurred. Simultaneously, fibrinogen concentration increased and partial thromboplastin time shortened. The possible causes of these changes in haemostasis during glucose supply are discussed.
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PMID:[Studies on the influence of glucose infusion on parameters of hemostasis]. 99 69

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and metabolic effects of a low-dose triphasic oral contraceptive containing gestodene, a new 19-nortestosterone derivative, among 42 healthy women aged 19-43 years during 6 months of treatment. Absence of any absolute or relative contraindications to hormonal contraception was the criterion for the subjects. Findings revealed that the pill exerted good cycle control and the incidence of irregular bleeding was very low. As for the coagulatory system, there was an increase in prothrombin activity and in fibrinopeptide A plasma levels, while there was a decrease in activated partial thromboplastin time. Antithrombin III activity, fibrinogen concentration and platelets count did not change during pill intake. No significant modifications in plasma total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol or in the subfraction high density lipoprotein 2-cholesterol (HDL2-CH) were observed. Serum triglyceride (HDL-CH and HDL3-CH) levels were significantly higher at the end of treatment. The pill did not alter fasting insulin and glucose levels or their response to an oral glucose tolerance test. Therefore, the preliminary findings suggest that the new triphasic formulation containing gestodene seems to be a safe and reliable preparation, as demonstrated by its regular cycle control, good contraceptive efficacy, and low incidence of subjective and objective side effects.
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PMID:Clinical and metabolic effects of a triphasic pill containing gestodene. 148 72

In 52 both sex obese children (mean age was 9.7 +/- 2.5), blood pressure and biochemistry parameters in blood were studied after controlled hypocaloric diet. The data, collected in two out patient visits in intervals of one year and half and four years, were: blood pressure; total, HDL and LDL cholesterol; apoproteins A1 and B; NEFA; triglycerides; phospholipids; haematocrit; haemoglobin; glycosylated haemoglobins A1 and A1C; glucose; insulin; seric proteins: fibrinogen; platelets; Quick time and activated partial thromboplastin time. The group of obese children with a successful response to the hypocaloric diet treatment (significant loss of weight) showed a decrease in the plasmatic levels of Apoproteins A1 and B, triglycerides, NEFA and insulin together with an increase in the level of HDL cholesterol. These changes weren't so significant in the group of obese children who didn't lose weight. When we took into account plasmatic cholesterol, the obese patients with normal plasmatic level of cholesterol showed a significant descend in the risk factors. However, in the obese children with high cholesterol despite the dietetic treatment, the pathologic plasmatic profile didn't show any change. Finally, while the group with maintained high level of insulin showed a significant increase of apoproteins A1 and B, and total and HDL cholesterol, the group where the insulin levels became normal after treatment showed a good development of the biochemistry parameters studied. The fibrinogen level and blood precision which remained high in both visits were studied taking into account age and growth pattern.
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PMID:[Diet-induced changes as risk factors in obese children: arterial pressure, glycoregulation and lipid profile]. 178 49

One hundred and fourty-eight insulin-dependent diabetic patients were available for this study; 56 males and 92 females. For the investigation of coagulation activation we determined activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and fibrinogen besides fibrin monomers and thrombin-antithrombin III complexes (TAT-III). We assessed large percentages of increased fibrinogen levels but non-significant increases of the mean values in comparison with the reference group. The values for thrombin time were significantly prolonged, although relatively small percentages were exceeding the reference range. For the activated partial thromboplastin time, the values exceeded the upper reference limit, and the mean values were significantly higher than those of the reference group. Also for the fibrin monomers we obtained often enhanced values, and moreover, the values were significantly higher as compared with the reference subjects. The amount of TAT-III concentrations above the reference range was much smaller than for the fibrin monomers and the TAT-III levels were not significantly enhanced. The results presented here are indicative of coagulation activation in diabetics, as indicated by the fibrin monomers and more or less by the TAT-III levels. Moreover, there could be demonstrated a positive correlation between fibrin monomer levels and HbA1 concentrations.
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PMID:Coagulation activation in diabetes mellitus. 228 7

The procoagulant activity (PCA) of disrupted monocytes was examined in 32 diabetic patients (26 with insulin-dependent and 6 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes) versus 30 control subjects. Diabetes monocytes exhibited a weak PCA before any incubation, associated in 10 cases with a significant amount of factor VII activity. Incubation led to a significant rise in PCA in diabetes cells, when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or not, and in control cells only after stimulation. In incubated diabetes cells, PCA was prothrombinase-like when factor VII was associated with the freshly isolated cells, and tissue factor-like (as in the controls) when no factor VII was associated with the cells. The characteristics of PCA were not correlated with clinical features or with the type of diabetes. Our study suggests that diabetes monocytes exhibit a higher level of PCA than control ones, possibly corresponding to an in vivo stimulation, or at least a higher responsiveness to stimuli occurring in vitro.
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PMID:Distinctive features of procoagulant response of monocytes from diabetic patients. 273 77

Patients with diabetes mellitus have higher levels of coagulation factor VIII than the non-diabetic population. This may be a result of poor metabolic control and could contribute to the development of microvascular complications. During ketoacidosis there are acute changes in plasma concentrations of coagulation factors, some of which may be mediated by the rise in vasopressin that occurs. We have investigated the effects of hyperglycaemia without ketosis on some aspects of haemostasis by manipulating blood glucose concentrations using a Biostator. After a 1h run-in period with the blood glucose at 5 mmol/l, the blood glucose was maintained at 5, 15 and 25 mmol/l and maintained for one hour at each level in six male patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. Insulin was infused at 0.25 mu/kg/min. Venous blood samples were taken at the beginning and end of each hour after the run-in period for assays of factor VIII coagulant activity (FVIII:C), von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag), ristocetin co-factor (FVIIIR:Co), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and vasopressin (aVP). There was a slight, though statistically insignificant fall in median factor VIII:C concentration at each incremental level of increase in blood glucose. Values (at the beginning and end of each hour) were: 1.0 and 1.1 iu/ml at 5 mmol/l; 0.95 and 0.79 iu/ml at 15 mmol/l; and 0.74 and 0.84 iu/ml at 25 mmol. vWF:Ag and FVIIIR:Co were unchanged. Plasma aVP fell slightly from 1.1 to 0.5 pg/ml. The results indicate that high levels of FVIII seen in diabetes are not due to short-term increases in blood glucose and that acute hyperglycaemia does not promote pro-coagulant changes in blood.
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PMID:Effect of controlled hyperglycaemia on factor VIII concentrations in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. 313 35

We studied the effects of exercise and physical training on coagulation parameters and fibrinolytic activity in 16 sedentary non-insulin-dependent diabetics and nine control subjects matched for prior physical activity. Parameters were measured at rest and after 30 minutes of bicycle exercise at 70% to 75% of maximal oxygen uptake before and after 6 weeks of thrice-weekly physical training. In the untrained state, fibrinolytic activity was impaired in diabetics compared with controls (1.26 +/- 0.19 v 2.20 +/- 0.34 U; P less than .03), and resting levels of plasma fibrinogen (329 +/- 21 v 266 +/- 17 mg/dL; P less than .01) and the prothrombin time (PT) maximal velocity (Vmax) (4.9 +/- 0.5 v 2.9 +/- 0.5; P less than .05) were increased. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) Vmax was also increased but this did not reach statistical significance (3.6 +/- 0.2 v 2.3 +/- 0.5; P less than 0.10). Activation of fibrinolysis occurred following exercise in both groups but the peak activity and increment were less in diabetics. Physical training for 6 weeks had no effect on plasma fibrinogen levels but significantly improved the resting and postexercise APTT Vmax and resting fibrinolytic activity in diabetics. The exercise-induced increment in fibrinolytic activity following training remained depressed compared with normal controls. The changes in APTT Vmax correlated with changes in the indices of blood glucose control. The relevance of these findings to possible antiatherogenic effects of exercise and the mechanism by which exercise produces these effects remain to be established.
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PMID:Impaired fibrinolytic response to exercise in type II diabetes: effects of exercise and physical training. 317 11

In three groups of test persons [10 persons each with healthy metabolism under fasting (A) and intake of food (B); 10 insulin-dependent diabetics (C)] the determinations of the thromboplastin time, the partial thromboplastin time, the bleeding time, the spontaneous fibrinolytic activity, the number of thrombocytes and the aggregation of platelets were carried out on the day (A) and round the clock (B abd C), respectively. The values of the fasting persons with healthy metabolism distributed themselves on the day constantly in the area of width of errors. Under food intake persons with healthy metabolism showed circadian variations of the several tests. In diabetics the parameters of haemostasis revealed in the course of day a clear increase of the unstable behaviour compared with the control group B. There were no relations to the actual blood sugar value. In a tendency to more coagulation-active values in the late afternoon interindividually a general biorhythmical behaviour pattern could not be recognized. The proved increased circadian labilisation of the haemostasis potential in diabetics deserves more attention with regard to the connection between thrombophilia and atherogenesis.
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PMID:[Circadian behavior of hemostaseologic parameters in diabetic patients and metabolically healthy individuals]. 406 Jul 95


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