Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.21.6 (thromboplastin)
 13,278 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between October 1988 and May 1989, four cancer patients treated by broad-spectrum antibiotics developed a hemorrhagic diathesis induced by vitamin k (VK) deficiency. Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), factor II (FII) and protein induced by vitamin k absence of antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) were measured after administration of antibiotics and VK in all 4 patients. All these patients had been receiving intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) and antibiotics for various infections. But all or them developed hemorrhagic diathesis within five days after the initiation of broad-spectrum cephem antibiotics (LMOX or CMNX). The abnormalities were 1) marked decrease of F II (6-18%), 2) prolongation of APTT (58.4-200 seconds), 3) prolongation of PT (7-21%), 4) marked increase of PIVKA-II (17-80 less than AU/ml). After being treated by intravenous administration of VK, hemorrhagic diathesis and abnormalities of coagulation tests except for PIVKA-II were corrected quickly in three evaluated patients. The measurement of PIVKA-II seemed to be useful to diagnose the hemorrhagic diathesis caused by VK deficiency in the patients during administration of antibiotics.
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PMID:[Acquired coagulopathy caused by administration of parenteral broad-spectrum antibiotics]. 190 Nov 16

Cephalosporin antibiotics with N-methyl-thio-tetrazole (NMTT) side chains have been known to be associated with the development of hypoprothrombinemia. However, it has not been fully established whether these symptoms are induced by an inhibition of vitamin K production by intestinal microorganisms or by an inhibitory action of these antibiotics on endogenous vitamin K metabolism. Therefore, an attempt has been made to clarify the above-mentioned ambiguity by using germfree mice in which primary vitamin K deficiency can be established within a short experimental period. Germfree (GF) and conventional (CV) ICR male mice, 8-13 weeks old were used in this experiment. Vitamin K deficient (Def) and menaquinone-4 supplemented diet (MK-4) were fed to the mice in both rearing conditions. In the antibiotic-treated group, sodium latamoxef (LMOX, 300 mg/kg B.W./day) was intraperitoneally administered once a day, and in the control group the same volume of saline (Saline) was administered. Severe vitamin K deficient symptoms were observed in the GF-K-Def-LMOX group, and both prothrombin time (PT) and activated-partial thromboplastin time (APTT) values were prolonged on the 8th day of the experimental period compared with the GF-K-Def-Saline group. Furthermore the mortality rate of GF-K-Def-LMOX group was comparatively higher than that of the Saline group. This study has provided evidence that vitamin K deficiency is amplified by an administration of LMOX even in the absence of intestinal flora.
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PMID:Antibiotic-induced vitamin K deficiency and the role of the presence of intestinal flora. 227 82

Latamoxef sodium, a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic, has been shown to provide good prophylaxis against postoperative infection. It has, however, been implicated as causing disturbances of hemostasis particularly when used in treatment. We have studied 40 patients who required antibiotic prophylaxis prior to surgical treatment randomizing and stratifying them according to age and type of operation, to receive either latamoxef or piperacillin. Five hematologic parameters were studied, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, plasma factor II concentration, plasma factor VII concentration and platelet count. Minor differences were noted with latamoxef producing mild persistant elevation of prothrombin time (0.7 second) associated with depression of factor II and factor VII. In our study, we found that, when used as three dose, single agent prophylaxis, there was no difference between latamoxef and piperacillin in producing clinical disturbances of hemostasis. However, attention is drawn to the importance of recognizing that hemostatic disturbances can occur after the use of broad spectrum antibiotics as prophylaxis for surgical treatment Mechanisms of hemostatic disorders are reviewed and alternative hypotheses are suggested.
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PMID:The hematologic effects of latamoxef sodium when used as a prophylaxis during surgical treatment. 329 54