Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.21.6 (thromboplastin)
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Ten cases of hematuria in Grant's gazelle (Gazella granti) (two male and eight female) from five institutions were examined and the clinicopathologic data summarized. Five gazelles died spontaneously and five were euthanized. All gazelles had marked hematuria without pyuria. Mean age at the onset of clinical signs and time of euthanasia or death was 5.0 +/- 1.4 yr and 8.2 +/- 3.7 yr, respectively. The severity of clinical signs with hematuria ranged from episodes of chronic intermittent hematuria to marked dysuria, with urinary bladder rupture secondary to obstructive blood clots in one case. Submandibular edema was the most common associated clinical sign (five of 10 cases). Serum chemistries from eight gazelles obtained during hematuria episodes revealed hypocalcemia (8/8), hypoproteinemia (7/8), hypoalbuminemia (7/8), and hyperphosphatemia (6/8). Fifty percent of the gazelles (4/8) developed anemia over the course of hematuria episodes. Prothrombin times and partial thromboplastin times were presumed increased in two of four animals evaluated. The predominant histologic lesions in seven of 10 gazelles reviewed were vascular necrosis, vasculitis, and perivasculitis in the urinary tract. Lesions in necropsied gazelles were identified in the urinary bladder (7/10 gazelles), kidney (3/10), and ureter (3/10). Additional urinary tract lesions included tubulointerstitial nephritis (5/10 gazelles), hemorrhagic cystitis (4/10), renal tubular necrosis (4/10), and subacute renal infarcts (2/10). Polymerase chain reaction testing on paraffin-embedded urinary tract tissue for alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 and -2, ovine herpesvirus-2, bluetongue virus, and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus was negative for the six cases tested. One gazelle that had been vaccinated for Leptospira interrogans had a titer to serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, but serum from the six other gazelles tested was negative for all L. interrogans serovars. No exposure to any toxic agent was identified. An underlying cause for vascular lesions associated with episodic hematuria in Grant's gazelles remains to be determined.
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PMID:Retrospective evaluation of idiopathic hematuria and associated pathology in Grant's gazelles (Gazella granti): 10 cases. 2006 9

Two pet rabbits were presented with an acute decrease in appetite and activity. Rabbit 1 showed severe hypothermia, bradycardia, arrhythmias, a heart murmur, dyspnea, occlusion of the nares with secretions, icterus, dehydration, and gaseous gastrointestinal dilation. The urine was dark yellow. Rabbit 2 was overweight, apathetic, and dehydrated; this animal presented with a heart murmur, gastric dilation, and intermittent nystagmus with dorsal strabismus in the right eye. Blood gas, electrolyte, hematology, plasma clinical biochemistry analysis, coagulation profile, plasma protein electrophoresis, urinalysis, and radiographic examinations were performed. The main shared findings were moderate thrombocytopenia, markedly decreased aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities and fibrinogen concentrations, prolonged prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times, profoundly increased alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities, and high bile acid and bilirubin concentrations. Rabbit 1 also had respiratory acidosis, marked hypoglycemia, hyperphosphatemia, and a profoundly increased creatine kinase activity. Gastric dilation was observed on both radiographic exams. A low urinary pH of 5-6, marked bilirubinuria and proteinuria, and high urinary GGT levels were present in both patients. Marked icterus developed before death, which occurred within 22 and 30 hours post admission in rabbits 1 and 2, respectively. The necropsy of rabbit 1 showed a markedly accentuated hepatic lobular pattern, pulmonary hemorrhages, pericardial effusion with adhesions, peritoneal petechiae, and icteric and hemorrhagic abdominal fat. Histopathologic findings included hemorrhagic diathesis, severe centroacinar and midzonal hepatocellular necrosis, severe necrosuppurative bronchopneumonia, and moderate cardiomyocyte necrosis. A liver PCR assay was positive for Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) 2 (RHDV2) and negative for classic RHDV. This is the first description of the gross clinicopathologic abnormalities associated with naturally occurring RHDV2 infection in pet rabbits.
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PMID:Clinicopathologic findings of naturally occurring Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 infection in pet rabbits. 3086 86