Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.21.6 (thromboplastin)
 13,278 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The records of 714 neutropenic cancer patients who were treated with high doses of a combination of beta-lactam antibiotics were analyzed. In 268 patients, coagulation parameters were measured at least once before, during, and after therapy. Alterations on the prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and thrombin time were found in those regimens containing a semisynthetic penicillin, cefamandole, and moxalactam. Mild and severe hemorrhage was observed in some patients receiving these regimens. After prophylactic administration of vitamin K to all patients treated with moxalactam, no further hemorrhage was noted. Alteration of the prothrombin time, with preservation of other parameters, was found in patients receiving antibiotic regimens containing semisynthetic penicillin and cefoxitin. No evidence of hemorrhage was found in this group of patients. In neutropenic cancer patients, the occurrence of another impairment in the clotting process, in addition to thrombocytopenia, greatly increases the risk of serious hemorrhage. Coagulation parameters must be routinely monitored when these patients receive antibiotics known to cause coagulation abnormalities.
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PMID:Coagulation abnormalities induced by beta-lactam antibiotics in cancer patients. 663 Oct 64

Thromboplastic and fibrinolytic activities of 8 lines of cultured human gastric cancer cells were estimated both in cell lysate and serum-free supernatant fraction. Furthermore, cell lysates with differing levels of thromboplastic activity were injected intravenously into congenitally athymic nude mice and the role of this activity in thrombus formation was examined. Thromboplastic and fibrinolytic activities of the cell lysate and the serum free-supernatant fraction varied from one line to another. There was no apparent correlation between these activities and the degree of histological differentiation of the original tumor. The thromboplastic activity was factor VII-dependent and factor IX-independent, indicating that it was attributable to tissue thromboplastin, although some factor VII-independent thromboplastic activity was also included in the cell lysate of two lines. Intravenous injection of the cell lysate with high thromboplastic activity produced more thrombi in the lung than that with low thromboplastic activity. This suggests that thromboplastic activity of cancer cells might play a significant role in the development of the hypercoagulable state in patients with gastric cancer.
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PMID:Thromboplastic and fibrinolytic activities of cultured human gastric cancer cell lines. 686 45

Coagulation profiles were performed in 30 consecutive alcoholic cirrhotic patients without known infection, malignancy, recent surgery, transfusion, or alcoholic intake. Hemorrhagic phenomena were present in 70% and included gastrointestinal bleeding, oozing from venipuncture sites, bruising, and epistaxis. All 30 patients had multiple liver function and coagulation abnormalities, the most frequent of which were increases in F VIII components and decreases in F XI and F VII. Also decreased in half or more of the 30 patients were Fletcher F, F II, F X, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), reptilase time (RT), anti-thrombin III, and plasminogen. When comparing cirrhotic bleeders with nonbleeders, four parameters were significantly different in those with a bleeding tendency: F VII, anti-thrombin III, plasminogen, and albumin. The prolonged APTT was associated in four cases with a blocking inhibitor of unknown etiology. The prolonged TT and RT, in the absence of fibrin split products, fibrin monomers, DIC, or shortened euglobulin lysis time in any patient were suggestive of an abnormal fibrinogen, a dysfibrinogen. In three other patients, there was an inhibitor of the TT. Further investigation of the suspected dysfibrinogen in 21 patients by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the molecular weights of the Aalpha, Bbeta, and gamma polypeptide chains of fibrinogen were not different from normal. Two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis of the suspected dysfibrinogen was similar to normal in 18 of 21 patients, with loss of the initial shoulder in three.
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PMID:Bleeding and coagulation abnormalities in alcoholic cirrhotic liver disease. 704 81

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect on coagulation of alpha-acid-glycoprotein, one of the acute-phase reactants, the blood level of which is elevated in malignant disease and various acute conditions. Alpha-acid-glycoprotein was obtained from serum and plasma of normal volunteers. The amount obtainable from serum was greater than that obtained from plasma (43 mg/dl v. 22 mg/dl), and differences were noted in the molecular weight of the two preparations; alpha-acid-glycoprotein from serum had a molecular weight of 55 000, while that from plasma appeared to have a molecular weight of 81 000. The two preparations were identical in their reactivity towards anti-alpha-acid-glycoprotein. Alpha-acid-glycoprotein markedly shortened the partial thromboplastin time (PTT), but no effect on prothrombin index was noted. At those concentration which shortened the PTT, the preparation was able partially to reverse the anticoagulant activity of heparin. The possibility that this protein plays a role in the aetiology of coagulation disorders in cancer is discussed.
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PMID:The effect of seromucoid on coagulation. 728 Aug 87

Thrombelastography, although proven as a useful research tool has not been evaluated for its clinical utility against common coagulation laboratory tests. In this study we compare the thrombelastographic measurements with six common tests (the hematocrit, platelet count, fibrinogen, prothrombin time, activated thromboplastin time and fibrin split products). For such comparisons, two samples of subjects were selected, 141 normal volunteers and 121 patients with cancer. The data was subjected to various statistical techniques such as correlation, ANOVA, canonical and discriminant analysis to measure the extent of the correlations between the two sets of variables and their relative strength to detect blood clotting abnormalities. The results indicate that, although there is a strong relationship between the thrombelastographic variables and these common laboratory tests, the thrombelastographic variables contain additional information on the hemostatic process.
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PMID:Comparison of thrombelastography with common coagulation tests. 733 Aug 29

We performed coagulation profiles including a complete blood count (CBC), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and quantitation of fibrinogen, antithrombin III (AT III), plasminogen, and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) on 73 cancer patients. All had solid tumors with clinically documented metastases. Eleven patients had strong clinical and laboratory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Fifty-five of the remaining 62 patients had no clinical evidence of serious hemorrhage or thrombosis at the time of testing. Thirty-one (50%) non-DIC patients had no abnormal clotting tests. Our data indicate that a majority of cancer patients, with or without hepatic involvement, are able to maintain normal or near normal hemostatic function in vitro until advanced stage of disease. Deviation from normal for PT, aPTT, or TT, depressed AT III activity, or increased FDP signal the presence of complicating pathophysiologic events such as DIC or cirrhosis. Diminution of fibrinogen level or AT III activity and elevation of FDP are more sensitive indicators of DIC than prolongation of PT, aPTT, or TT.
Cancer 1980 Aug 15
PMID:Hemostatic function in cancer patients. 739 48

The possibility that anticoagulation with warfarin might inhibit the development of spontaneous metastases from intestinal carcinomas induced by azoxymethane (AOM) was tested in Sprague-Dawley rats with and without 60% distal small-bowel resection (DSBR). Warfarin (0.5 mg/l) was added to the drinking water from 1 week or 12 weeks postoperatively, and thromboplastin times were measured thereafter. AOM was given by 12 weekly s.c. injections (10 mg/kg/week), starting 1 week after DSBR. Besides increasing the sensitivity of rats to warfarin, DSBR itself caused partial anticoagulation, probably because of vitamin K malabsorption: at 30 weeks faecal fat was 59-93% higher, while serum B12 was 40% lower (> 0.05 P > 0.005). Adaptive growth of the jejunum and caecum after DSBR was manifested by 22-76% increases in segmental weight and surface area (P < 0.001). DSBR produced a 4-fold increase in duodenojejunal tumours at 15-25 weeks (P = 0.025) and a 76% increase in colorectal tumours at 25-35 weeks (P < 0.005). Eight of 20 control rats dying after 15 weeks had lymphatic metastases, compared with 0 of 15 rats with DSBR plus warfarin from week 1 (P = 0.005). The overall prevalence of metastases was reduced by both DSBR and warfarin, when assessed independently. Intestinal carcinogenesis induced by AOM is enhanced by the adaptive response to DSBR, but anticoagulation inhibits spontaneous metastases in this model.
Br J Cancer 1980 Jul
PMID:Effects of anticoagulation and ileal resection on the development and spread of experimental intestinal carcinomas. 742 32

This paper is aimed at investigating how metastatic tumour growth influenced the haemostatic system of the host. Blood platelet count, blood fibrinogen level, the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and the prothrombin time (PT) were determined at various intervals during growth and metastasis of a murine fibrosarcoma (mFS6) or one of its sublines with different metastatic capacity. Progressive thrombocytopenia and increase in fibrinogen level were observed during development of the tumour in all the animal groups studied, irrespective of the metastatic potential of the various sublines. No significant changes were observed in the PT or APTT values. These data support the concept that primary rather than metastatic growth influences the haemostatic system of tumour-bearing animals.
Br J Cancer 1981 Jan
PMID:Tumour sublines with different metastatic capacity induce similar blood coagulation changes in the host. 745 31

It has been suggested that cancer cell procoagulant activity influences metastasis formation by promoting fibrin deposition around tumors. We have investigated the procoagulant activity of various tumor cell sublines with different metastatic capacity derived from metastatic nodules of a murine fibrosarcoma. All the cells tested possessed a marked thromboplastin-like activity; they were, however, heterogeneous as regards the degree of procoagulant activity; the two cell lines with virtually no metastatic capacity showed 6--8 times higher procoagulant activity than the cells from the parent line; in contrast, the procoagulant activity of the two sublines with higher metastatic capacity did not differ significantly from that of the parent line. These findings support the hypothesis that fibrin is part of a defence reaction against cancer cell invasiveness.
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PMID:Procoagulant activity of sarcoma sublines with different metastatic potential. 747 Jun 23

This double-blind, randomised, multicentre trial in 513 patients having elective surgery for intra-abdominal or intrathoracic malignancy compared the efficacy and safety of venous thrombosis (VT) prophylaxis using 750 anti-factor Xa units of Orgaran (a mixture of low molecular weight heparinoids) given subcutaneously (sc) twice-daily with that of twice-daily injections of 5,000 units standard heparin. The main study endpoints were the development of postoperative VT detected by 125I-fibrinogen leg scanning, and the onset of clinically significant venous thromboembolism or bleeding. "Intent to treat" analysis showed a statistically non-significant trend towards less VT during Orgaran prophylaxis (10.4%) than after heparin (14.9%) and there was no difference in bleeding complications between the two study groups. Results remained similar if only patients who completed the intended course of therapy ("compliant patients") were analysed. Other trials have shown that Orgaran prevents VT after hip surgery and stroke. We now show it is also safe and effective in patients having major surgery for cancer.
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PMID:Orgaran (Org 10172) or heparin for preventing venous thrombosis after elective surgery for malignant disease? A double-blind, randomised, multicentre comparison. ANZ-Organon Investigators' Group. 750 9


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