Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.21.5 (thrombin)
 33,306 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a glycoprotein, linking coagulation and fibrinolysis. Recently, attention has been drawn to the beneficial effects of statins on haemostasis in kidney patients prone to dyslipidaemia and with a high risk of cardiovascular death. The purpose of this study was to assess whether fluvastatin affects TAFI concentration in renal transplant recipients. We evaluated thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) complexes, prothrombin fragments 1+2, thrombomodulin, plasmin-antiplasmin (PAP) complexes, TAFI, P-selectin, and lipoprotein (a), 1, 2, and 3 months before and after fluvastatin treatment and in normolipaemic kidney transplant recipients and healthy volunteers. Cholesterol and LDL fell significantly as soon as 1 month after treatment had begun and remained lowered during the therapy. TAFI and prothrombin fragments 1+2 decreased significantly after 3 months of fluvastatin administration, whereas P-selectin decreased significantly after 2 months and remained significantly lower after 3 months of this therapy. We can conclude that fluvastatin is an effective hypolipaemic agent that favourably affects haemostasis.
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PMID:Fluvastin therapy affects TAFI concentration in kidney transplant recipients. 1254 42

We investigated the effect of a high walnut and cashew diet on haemostatic variables in people with the metabolic syndrome. Factor analysis was used to determine how the haemostatic variables cluster with other components of the metabolic syndrome and multiple regression to determine possible predictors. This randomized, control, parallel, controlled-feeding trial included 68 subjects who complied with the Third National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol criteria. After a 3-week run-in following the control diet, subjects were divided into three groups receiving either walnuts or cashews (20 energy%) or a control diet for 8 weeks. The nut intervention had no significant effect on von Willebrand factor antigen, fibrinogen, factor VII coagulant activity, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 activity, tissue plasminogen activator activity or thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor. Statistically, fibrinogen clustered with the body-mass-correlates and acute phase response factors, and factor VII coagulant activity clustered with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Tissue plasminogen activator activity, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 activity and von Willebrand factor antigen clustered into a separate endothelial function factor. HDL-C and markers of obesity were the strongest predictors of the haemostatic variables. We conclude that high walnut and cashew diets did not influence haemostatic factors in this group of metabolic syndrome subjects. The HDL-C increase and weight loss may be the main focus of dietary intervention for the metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, diet composition may have only limited effects if weight loss is not achieved.
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PMID:Clustering of haemostatic variables and the effect of high cashew and walnut diets on these variables in metabolic syndrome patients. 1609 34

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major contributing factors in atherosclerosis and the development of cardiovascular disease. Platelets from hypercholesterolemic rabbit have an increased cholesterol content and a hypersensitivity to endogenous aggregating agonists. Although rabbit has been widely used in studies of hypercholesterolemia, the precise role of platelet cholesterol in rabbit platelet activation has not been studied. In the present study, to determine the direct role of cholesterol on rabbit platelet activation, we examined the effect of in vitro modulation of cholesterol content on platelet activation. Cholesterol-depleted rabbit platelets by the treatment with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin showed decreased platelet aggregation by physiological agonists such as thrombin, adenosine diphosphate, and collagen. The inhibition of thrombin-induced aggregation in cholesterol-depleted platelets was restored by cholesterol repletion in platelets. The cholesterol depletion also inhibited Ca(2+) mobilization, which plays a pivotal role in the platelet activation induced by physiological agonists. We showed that the Ca(2+) influx pathway is strongly suppressed by cholesterol depletion more than Ca(2+) release from intracellular Ca(2+) stores in platelets stimulated with thrombin. Furthermore, platelet aggregation induced by PMA, a potent protein kinase C activator, was also depressed by cholesterol depletion. On the other hand, cholesterol enrichment in platelets augmented thrombin-induced aggregation and Ca(2+) mobilization. These findings suggest that cholesterol plays a critical role in regulating rabbit platelet activation, and provides fundamental information regarding hypercholesterolemia-mediated effects on cells in the rabbit model.
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PMID:Modulation of rabbit platelet aggregation and calcium mobilization by platelet cholesterol content. 1995 11

Lipoprotein particles are composed of various lipid classes including cholesterol and sphingolipids, and are low in serum of patients with liver cirrhosis. Hepatic decompensation is associated with a further decline of lipoproteins. Aim of the present work was to evaluate whether ceramide and sphingomyelin species are similarly changed in patients with liver cirrhosis and whether these variations are related to systemic cholesterol levels. In a cohort of 45 patients suffering from liver cirrhosis, cholesteryl ester species and subsequently total cholesterol were identified to be negatively associated with model of end stage liver disease (MELD) score. Indeed, the negative correlations of ceramide (Cer) and sphingomyelin (SM) species with MELD score, bilirubin and anti-thrombin 3 were non-significant after adjustment for cholesterol. Cer/SM ratios of species with identical acyl chains were not related to Child-Pugh or MELD score indicating that both lipids are comparably changed. Further, cholesterol levels and concentrations of all sphingolipids measured were similar in systemic, hepatic vein and portal vein blood. Cholesterol and distinct sphingolipids were similar before and 3 months after insertion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt while hexosylceramide 24:1 was significantly induced. It is concluded that analysis of distinct systemic sphingolipid species is not superior to measurement of cholesterol as non-invasive marker of hepatic injury in patients with liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Associations of systemic sphingolipids with measures of hepatic function in liver cirrhosis are related to cholesterol. 2864 17


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