Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.21.4 (trypsin)
 42,187 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sato, Ichiei (Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan), and Susumu Mitsuhashi. Experimental salmonellosis. VII. In vitro transfer of cellular immunity by ribosomal fraction of mouse mononuclear phagocytes. J. Bacteriol. 90:1194-1199. 1965.-The mononuclear phagocytes (termed monocytes) of mice hyperimmunized with live vaccine of Salmonella enteritidis inhibited the intracellular growth of virulent strain 116-54 of S. enteritidis. Also, the monocytes withstood the degeneration of cells caused by the phagocytosis of bacteria in the absence of immune serum in the tissue culture medium, termed cellular immunity. When the nonimmune monocytes were incubated with the ribosomal fraction of immune monocytes, obtained from the abdominal cavity of mice hyperimmunized with live vaccine of S. enteritidis, they acquired cellular immunity, but the monocytes did not acquire immunity when ribosomal fractions from normal mouse monocytes or from the monocytes of mice immunized with killed vaccine of S. enteritidis were used. The transfer agent present in the ribosomal fraction of immune monocytes was inactivated by treatment with ribonuclease but not with deoxyribonuclease or with trypsin.
 ...
PMID:Experimental salmonellosis. VII. In vitro transfer of cellular immunity by ribosomal fraction of mouse mononuclear phagocytes. 584 24

Cell walls were isolated by mechanical disruption of mid-log phase cells of Bacillus stearothermophilus NCA 1503-4R grown in Trypticase-yeast extract-fructose medium at 55 C. The cell walls were purified by treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and incubation with deoxyribonuclease and trypsin. The cell wall peptidoglycan contained glucosamine, muramic acid, alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelic acid, and glutamic acid. Low amounts of glycine, galactosamine, serine, aspartic acid, lysine, and valine were also present. The relative mole ratios of glutamic acid-alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelic acid-glycine-alanine were 1.00:1.26:0.08:1.55. The cell walls were free from ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid and contained less than 0.2% chloroform-methanol extractable lipid and 0.09 mumole of phosphorus per mg of cell wall. Teichoic acid was not detected in the cell walls of this organism. Cell walls isolated without treatment with SDS contained 7.5% chloroform-methanol extractable lipid, 0.24 mumole of phosphorus per mg of cell wall, and relatively high concentrations of all amino acids. These results suggest that the extracted lipid is not a cell wall component per se, but a contaminant from the lipoprotein cell membrane.
 ...
PMID:Chemical composition of the cell walls of Bacillus stearothermophilus. 603 16

We have previously reported that a crude aqueous extract of the bitter melon (Momordica charantia) has both cytostatic and cytotoxic activities, and is a competitive inhibitor of guanylate cyclase activity. This crude preparation kills human leukemic lymphocytes in a dose-dependent manner while not affecting the viability of normal human lymphocytes at these same doses. In this report we describe the purification and characterization of one of these cytostatic factors which also exhibits anti-viral activity. The partially purified factor was both cytostatic to BHK-21 cells and inhibitory to VSV plaque formation in a dose-dependent manner. This preparation was inhibitory to both viral and host cell RNA and protein synthesis as early as 30 min after addition to these samples. As determined by gel filtration and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), this purified factor is a single component with a molecular weight corresponding to 40,000 daltons. The factor is sensitive to boiling and to pre-treatments with trypsin, but not ribonuclease (RNAse), or deoxyribonuclease (DNAse). As determined by radioactive precursor uptake and incorporation studies, the purified factor inhibits both RNA and protein synthesis in intact tissue culture cells and inhibits protein synthesis in a cell-free wheat germ system. DNA synthesis was slightly stimulated. The purified factor is cytostatic for both BHK-21 and for the IM9 leukemic cell lines for at least 120 h. The cytostatic component had no effect on cellular cyclic GMP metabolism.
 ...
PMID:Purification and characterization of a cytostatic factor with anti-viral activity from the bitter melon. 614 53

A nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen [PCNA]) and blast transformation is recognized by autoantibodies in the sera of some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Using this autoantibody as a reagent, PCNA was purified 120-fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE chromatography, and Sephadex G200 gel filtration. The antigenicity of PCNA was sensitive to trypsin but resistant to ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease, suggesting that the antigenic determinant resided in protein and not nucleic acids. PCNA was inactivated at 56 degrees C for 30 min. Isoelectrophoretic focusing showed that the pI was 4.8. Analysis of immunoprecipitates on polyacrylamide gels showed the presence of IgG heavy and light chains and a single polypeptide band of 33,000 mol wt. This polypeptide band was the reactive antigen in immunoblotting (Western transfer) assays.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of proliferating cell nuclear antigen recognized by autoantibodies in lupus sera. 614 19

EMT-6 tumors were treated in vivo with 300 kVp X-rays, cyclophosphamide, or bleomycin. Tumor cell suspensions were prepared by digesting tumors with trypsin or a collagenase-deoxyribonuclease-pronase cocktail, and cells were plated in vitro for determination of fractional cell survival. Cell survival after X-rays was identical for the two disaggregation methods. Trypsin-derived cells were far more sensitive to bleomycin but less sensitive to cyclophosphamide than those prepared with the mixed enzyme cocktail. Interaction of drug produced and enzyme caused damage was the probable cause for these discrepancies. The nature of the interaction may be drug specific and therefore unpredictable. The results were unlikely to be due to different nonrepresentative tumor cell samples being produced by the two digestion methods, because the X-ray cell survival curves were so similar for the two products.
 ...
PMID:Effect of tumor dissaggregation on results of in vitro cell survival assay after in vivo treatment of the EMT-6 tumor: x-rays, cyclophosphamide, and bleomycin. 615 35

Sixteen strains of Capnocytophaga were isolated from the pocket of a localized juvenile periodontitis patient. These strains were divided into four groups on the basis of morphological and physiological traits. Strains from group I and group III were identified as C. ochracea and group II as C. sputigena. An antigen common to genus Capnocytophaga was purified utilizing immunoabsorbent chromatography from lysates obtained by sodium dodecyl sulfate treatment of C. ochracea strain S1. An antigen specific to C. ochracea was prepared by sequential gel filtration and preparative isoelectric focusing. The genus common and species specific antigens isolated were immunologically unique and pure when tested by immunoelectrophoresis and immunodiffusion against rabbit antisera prepared to Capnocytophaga and other gram-negative rods. The genus common antigen was susceptible to trypsin and pronase digestion, was soluble in chloroform-methanol, but was unaltered by ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease treatments and periodate oxidation. Antigenicity of the species specific antigen was destroyed by periodate oxidation. The genus common antigen appeared to be lipid-associated protein, while the species specific antigen consisted mainly of carbohydrate. These specific immunological reagents would be valuable in diagnosing and monitoring diseases.
 ...
PMID:Isolation and partial characterization of a genus common antigen and species specific antigen of Capnocytophaga. 618 10

In this report we describe the purification and characterization of a cytostatic factor from the bitter melon (Momordica charantia). As determined by gel filtration and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), this purified factor is a single component with an apparent molecular weight of 11,000. The factor is not sensitive to boiling or to pretreatments with trypsin, ribonuclease (RNAse), or deoxyribonuclease (DNAse). As determined by radioactive precursor uptake studies, the purified factor preferentially inhibits RNA synthesis in intact tissue culture cells. Some inhibition of protein synthesis and DNA synthesis also occurs. The factor is preferentially cytostatic for IM9 human leukemic lymphocytes when compared to normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes.
 ...
PMID:Purification and characterization of a cytostatic factor from the bitter melon Momordica charantia. 618 39

We have previously reported that a crude aqueous extract of the bitter melon (Momordica charantia) has both cytostatic and cytotoxic activities, and is a competitive inhibitor of guanylate cyclase activity. This crude preparation kills human leukemic lymphocytes in a dose-dependent manner while not affecting the viability of normal human lymphocytes at these same doses. In this report we describe the purification and characterization of one of these cytostatic factors which also exhibits anti-viral activity. The partially purified factor was both cytostatic to BHK-21 cells and inhibitory to VSV plaque formation in a dose-dependent manner. This preparation was inhibitory to both viral and host cell RNA and protein synthesis as early as 30 min after addition to these samples. As determined by gel filtration and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), this purified factor is a single component with a molecular weight corresponding to 40,000 daltons. The factor is sensitive to boiling and to pre-treatments with trypsin, but not ribonuclease (RNAse), or deoxyribonuclease (DNAse). As determined by radioactive precursor uptake and incorporation studies, the purified factor inhibits both RNA and protein synthesis in intact tissue culture cells and inhibits protein synthesis in a cell-free wheat germ system. DNA synthesis was slightly stimulated. The purified factor is cytostatic for both BHK-21 and for the IM9 leukemic cell lines for at least 120 h. The cytostatic component had no effect on cellular cyclic GMP metabolism.
 ...
PMID:Purification and characterization of a cytostatic factor with anti-viral activity from the bitter melon. 619 72

The sera of patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) have high titers of antibodies directed against nuclear U1-ribonucleoprotein (U1-RNP). This antigen is easily extracted from nuclear preparations with physiologic saline and from tissue sections with 0.1 HCl, leaving the nucleic acids and nuclear matrix behind. When U1-RNP is extracted from HEp-2 cells with 0.1 N HCl, the sera of 32/32 patients with MCTD react with another antigen that is exposed by the extraction procedure. This antigen is not destroyed by trypsin and deoxyribonuclease 1 treatment but is sensitive to both purified ribonuclease A and purified micrococcal nuclease. Absorption studies showed that the antibody reacting with this antigen cannot be absorbed by sheep red blood cells coated with extracts of rabbit thymus that contain U1-RNP. Radioimmunoassay showed that the reaction of the unadsorbed antibody was with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein or ribonucleic acid (hnRNP/RNA) and not with transfer RNA or ribosomal RNA. The hnRNP/RNA antigen is demonstrated as discrete particles in the internucleolar chromatin of interphase cells, but in metaphase cells the antigen is diffusely dispersed. The distribution, solubility, and biochemical characteristics suggest that the antigenic moiety is part of the nuclear matrix. Therefore, MCTD sera contain antibodies that react with at least two species of nuclear RNP: small nuclear RNP (snRNP), as described by others, and a high m.w. hnRNP/RNA bound to the nuclear matrix.
 ...
PMID:Antibodies from patients with mixed connective tissue disease react with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein or ribonucleic acid (hnRNP/RNA) of the nuclear matrix. 619 84

Alysiella bovis adheres to surfaces by means of short, ruthenium red-staining, rod-like fimbriae. The fimbriae remain associated with the cell envelope of A. bovis, even when sonicated or exposed sequentially to toluene, Triton X-100, lysozyme, ribonuclease, and deoxyribonuclease. Adhesion of outer membrane-derived cell wall ghosts of A. bovis to glass was inhibited by IO4-, sodium dodecyl sulfate, urea, pronase, and trypsin. Protease treatment digested the fimbriae from the distal end, and exposure to sodium dodecyl sulfate depolymerized the fimbriae. Exposure of ghosts to 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate preferentially solubilized a 16,500-dalton protein which was subsequently purified by gel filtration and demonstrated to be a glycoprotein (ca. 17% carbohydrate). Antibodies raised against the 16,500-dalton glycoprotein agglutinated whole cells and inhibited adhesion of ghosts to glass.
 ...
PMID:Mechanism of adhesion of Alysiella bovis to glass surfaces. 620 60


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>