Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.21.4 (trypsin)
 42,187 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

By using immunoblotting, neutralization, and ELISA, the development of secretory antibody responses to poliovirus type 3 virion proteins (VP1, VP2, VP3) and to intact or trypsin-treated poliovirus type 3 was studied in the nasopharyngeal secretions in groups of infants after immunization with live attenuated poliovirus vaccine (OPV), enhanced potency inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV-EP), or after combined vaccination with IPV-EP followed by OPV. After three doses of vaccine, infants in all vaccine groups developed similar secretory IgA response to VP1 and VP2. The antibody response to VP3 was observed in 76.5% of subjects immunized with OPV alone and approximately 60% of those immunized with IPV-EP followed by OPV. However, only 13% of those immunized with IPV-EP alone exhibited VP3-specific antibody response. Significant differences in poliovirus type 3 specific antibody activity were observed between OPV and IPV-EP immunized subjects when trypsin-treated poliovirus was used as the antigen for neutralization or for ELISA in vitro. The neutralizing antibody activity against cleaved virus was significantly higher than against whole virus in the OPV vaccinated subjects. Both neutralizing and ELISA antibody activity against cleaved virus was significantly lower than against the whole virus in IPV-EP immunized subjects.
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PMID:Nasopharyngeal secretory antibody response to poliovirus type 3 virion proteins exhibit different specificities after immunization with live or inactivated poliovirus vaccines. 247 Aug 31

Oral polio vaccine will encounter the proteolytic enzyme trypsin during administration but inactivated polio vaccine not. To investigate the effect on the humoral immune response, rats were immunized intramuscularly with trypsin treated type 2 and type 3 poliovirus. IgG and IgM responses were determined as well as the neutralizing antibody titer. It is shown that the immunogenicity of type 2 poliovirus, unlike that of type 3, is hardly affected by trypsin treatment. For type 3, trypsin treatment results in an increase in IgM and neutralizing response. The IgG response decreases after trypsin treatment. The results indicate that IPV formulations may be improved by the addition of trypsin treated type 3, as suggested by Roivainen and Hovi (J Virol 1987; 61: 3749-3753) but not by the addition of trypsin treated type 2 poliovirus.
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PMID:Immunogenicity of trypsin treated type 2 and type 3 poliovirus in rats. 754 61

A modified trivalent enhanced potency IPV (E-IPV) containing trypsin-treated PV3/Saukett as the type 3-component (TryIPV) was evaluated in preclinical and Phase I and Phase II clinical trials with the regular E-IPV as a control. In Balb/c mice, TryIPV-induced antibodies targeted outside the trypsin-sensitive antigenic site, as expected. Immunogenicity of TryIPV in man, as judged by a booster response in neutralizing antibodies to type 1, 2 or 3 poliovirus, was as good as that of the regular E-IPV in both adults and children. In children the preimmunization titres of antibodies neutralizing the trypsin-treated PV3/Saukett were significantly lower than those for the untreated virus. Both vaccines induced a striking increase of antibody titres to both virus preparations. No significant harmful effects were observed. We conclude that the pilot vaccine is suitable for further evaluation.
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PMID:Immunogenicity of a pilot inactivated poliovirus vaccine with trypsin-treated type 3-component. 906 44

The enhanced potency inactivated poliovirus vaccine (E-IPV) was modified to contain trypsin-treated type 3 poliovirus (PV3), strain Saukett, as the type 3 component (TryIPV). This pilot vaccine was previously shown to redistribute the vaccine-induced antibody specificities in mice to mimic those seen in man after poliovirus infection. Groups of infants were then immunised with three doses of TryIPV or E-IPV in a randomised, double-blind trial. Six months after the third dose, at the age of 18 months, the children were challenged with one dose of oral monovalent type 3 poliovirus vaccine. Intestinal immunity was evaluated by assessing the length and extent of PV3 excretion through determination of PV3 titres in 9 successive faecal specimens (2-42 days after challenge). No significant difference in the length or extent of virus excretion was seen between the groups. The results indicate that TryIPV, under the conditions used, was no more potent than the regular E-IPV in inducing resistance to intestinal poliovirus infection.
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PMID:Randomised, controlled trial with the trypsin-modified inactivated poliovirus vaccine: assessment of intestinal immunity with live challenge virus. 1019 18

Antibody responses to poliovirus type 3 were studied in fecal samples of 66 children immunized with 3 doses of enhanced-potency inactivated poliovirus vaccine (E-IPV), followed by 1 dose of monovalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV, type 3 Sabin). One fecal sample taken before OPV vaccination and 9 collected thereafter were tested for neutralizing antibodies by a microneutralization assay and for class-specific responses by heavy chain-capture radioimmunoassays. Both neutralizing antibody and IgA responses usually occurred during the second week and coincided with ceasing of virus excretion or a decrease in the excreted virus titer. Half of the vaccinees had received a trypsin-modified E-IPV, but their responses did not differ from those of children immunized with the regular E-IPV. These results are in agreement with the view that an intestinal antibody response, mainly consisting of IgA, may be involved in the ceasing of a primary poliovirus excretion.
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PMID:Poliovirus-specific intestinal antibody responses coincide with decline of poliovirus excretion. 1088 74