Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.21.37 (neutrophil elastase)
 4,078 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) and alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha-1-PI), both inhibitors of granulocyte elastase, were studied in nasal secretions from healthy persons and from patients with allergic rhinitis and common cold. SLPI and granulocyte elastase were found in all samples, while alpha-1-PI was lacking in several. In all three groups SLPI was found in an active form and in excess of granulocyte elastase, which thus was completely inhibited. The results indicate that SLPI is the main inhibitor in nasal secretions and that alpha-1-PI plays a minor role.
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PMID:Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in normal, allergic and virus induced nasal secretions. 278 Dec 19

We studied the effect of nasal administration of capsaicin in eight patients with allergic rhinitis and eight healthy subjects. We also studied the effect of colchicine, a drug known to inhibit microtubular axonal transport of peptides, on nasal response to capsaicin in these subjects. Colchicine or placebo was administered orally in a double-blind, randomized, crossover manner with a 35 day wash-out interval. Nasal challenge was performed on the last day of each period of treatment, using increasing doses of capsaicin (10(-9) to 3 x 10(-5) mmol). Capsaicin induced a dose-dependent decrease in nasal airflow conductance (active posterior rhinomanometry) (p < 0.002) that was greater in patients with allergic rhinitis (0.40 +/- 0.02 to 0.20 +/- 0.03) than in healthy subjects (0.44 +/- 0.01 to 0.35 +/- 0.02) (p = 0.0001). Capsaicin provoked a greater number of sneezes in patients with allergic rhinitis than in healthy subjects (p < 0.001), but the amount of nasal secretions was similar in these two groups of subjects. In nasal lavage fluid, capsaicin induced an increase in total, epithelial, and neutrophil cell counts in patients with allergic rhinitis (each comparison, p < 0.05), but not in healthy subjects. Capsaicin induced a slight, although not significant, increase in the concentration of elastase in nasal lavage fluid in patients with allergic rhinitis (p = 0.07), but not in healthy subjects. Albumin concentration decreased in nasal lavage fluid in both groups of subjects (p < 0.05). The tendency of capsaicin to increase neutrophil elastase in nasal lavage fluid of patients with allergic rhinitis was not observed after treatment with colchicine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Nasal response to capsaicin in patients with allergic rhinitis and in healthy volunteers: effect of colchicine. 769 45

It is commonly known that activation of plasma kallikrein-kinin system is of great importance in the pathogenesis of atopic diseases. Plasma kallikrein most likely activates other arginine-esterases in human plasma. Diagnostic and prognostic values of the total arginine-esterase activity and the activity of leukocyte elastase (LE) in plasma of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), atopic bronchial asthma (ABA) and atopic dermatitis (AD) were examined in this study. Our results demonstrate that the level of arginine-esterase activity was slightly elevated only in plasma of patients with ABA (424 +/- 24; N-360 +/- 20 mU/ml), but not with AR and AD. Elastase-like activity in human plasma proved to be a far more informative indicator of the atopic states than arginine-esterase activity. In plasma of patients with AR, ABA and AD the activity of LE exceeded the normal level in 1.7, 1.8, and 2.4 times, respectively. Treatment of these atopic states with Ditec (Boehringer Ingelheim) led to some improvements of the patient' states. The main component of this drug (disodium chromoglycate) inhibited the activity of leukocyte elastase in experiments in vitro.
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PMID:Activity of leukocyte elastase in patients' plasma is a significant indicator of atopic diseases. 885 93

It is well known that EG2-positive cells, CD68-positive cells and other inflammatory cells significantly increase after antigen provocation in the nasal mucosa of an allergic patient. However, there are few reports of the immunohistological study if the infiltrating cells in nasal lavage fluid are not seen. In this study, the infiltrating cells in nasal mucosa as well as in nasal lavage fluid were immunohistologically examined by means of monoclonal antibodies 30 minutes after the antigen provocation. Seven patients with perennial allergic rhinitis were challenged by an antigen disk placed on one side of the inferior turbinates and each nasal cavity was irrigated separately 30 minutes after the antigen provocation. About seven days later, these patients were operated on and the nasal mucosa was removed 30 minutes after the antigen provocation. No marked change in CD4- and CD8 positive cells in the nasal mucosa and lavage fluid was found after provocation. On cytospin glass slides, there was a slight increase in the number of CD68 (P = 0.1), EG2 (P = 0.09), and neutrophil elastase positive (P = 0.2) cells. A significant increase in EG2-positive cells was also seen in the superficial layer of the lamina propria (P < 0.05) but not in the deep layer. CD22 positive cells were not seen on the cytospin glass slide, whereas many positive cells were observed in the deep layer of the lamina propria. These results indicate that EG2-positive cells participate strongly in the early phase of the allergic response after provocation in spite of the absence of significant changes in CD4- and CD8 positive cells. Immunohistological evaluation of nasal lavage is thought to be beneficial concerning the movement of each kind of cells. Each kind of cell is thought to fulfill the main physiological role in the epithelial layer or the lamina propria in early allergic inflammation.
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PMID:[Immunohistological study of infiltrating cells in nasal mucosa and nasal lavage fluid of perennial allergic rhinitis]. 903 72