Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.21.1 (chymotrypsin)
 10,938 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Unactivated partial thromboplastin antecedent (PTA) has been purified by sequential chromatography of plasma on quaternary aminoethyl Sephadex, sulphoprophyl Sephadex, Sephadex G-150, and passage over an anti-IgG immunoadsorbant. The preparation gave a single band after alkaline disc gel electrophoresis, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing in acrylamide gels and was found to have a mol wt of 175,000 by gel filtration, 163,000 by SDS gel electrophoresis, and an isoelectric point of 8.8-9.4 (peak 9.0-9.1). Pre-PTA was activated directly by activated Hageman factor or by Hageman factor prealbumin fragments. Its coagulant activity was inhibited by DFP, soybean trypsin inhibitor and trasylol but not by lima bean trypsin inhibitor or ovomucoid trypsin inhibitor indicating that activated PTA possesses the same inhibition profile utilizing these reagents as does plasma kallikrein. A major plasma inhibitor of activated PTA was found to be a 65,000 mol wt alpha-globulin which was isolated free of alpha(1)-chymotrypsin inhibitor, inter alpha-trypsin inhibitor, alpha(2)-macroglobulin, and the other known inhibitors of activated PTA, the activated first component of complement (C1 INH), and antithrombin III. Its physicochemical properties were identical to alpha(1)-antitrypsin, and it was absent in alpha(1)-antitrypsin-deficient plasma thereby identifying this PTA inhibitor as alpha(1)-antitrypsin.
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PMID:Substrates of Hageman factor. I. Isolation and characterization of human factor XI (PTA) and inhibition of the activated enzyme by alpha 1-antitrypsin. 454 83

Parenteral nutrition (PN) is commonly used in the management of inflammatory bowel disease. Previously we reported about the serum protein levels in Crohn's disease before and after treatment with PN; in that study we found an increase of some indicators of nutritional status and a decrease of some acute phase reactants after treatment. We have now completed the trial determining the concentration of 19 serum proteins in 25 patients with Crohn's disease before and after treatment with PN and 8 wk thereafter. The concentration of albumin, retinol-binding protein, prealbumin, and transferrin were found to rise in parallel with the body weight during PN, whereas 8 wk after treatment only albumin and transferrin showed a further significant rise. alpha-1-Glycoprotein, alpha-2-chymotrypsin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, CRP, and haptoglobin decreased during and 8 wk after PN, alpha-1-glycoprotein, alpha-2-chymotrypsin, and alpha-1-antitrypsin showed a positive correlation to the Crohn's Disease Activity Index. The serum IgM-levels were found to be significantly increased during and after PN with a negative correlation to the Crohn's Disease Activity Index. Our data indicate that PN not only improves nutritional status in the active phase of Crohn's disease during therapy but reduces the grade of inflammatory activity during and even after treatment with PN.
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PMID:Influence of parenteral nutrition on serum levels of proteins in patients with Crohn's disease. 641 11

The concentration of 19 serum proteins was determined by radial immunodiffusion in 23 patients with Crohn's disease before and after treatment with parenteral nutrition. The results were related to body weight and Crohn's Disease Activity Index. An increased serum concentration of retinol-binding protein, prealbumin, and transferrin paralleled an increase of body weight. Alpha-1-glycoprotein, alpha-2-chymotrypsin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, C-reactive protein, and haptoglobin decreased during parenteral nutrition and showed a positive correlation to the Crohn's Disease Activity Index. The determination of certain proteins is clinically useful, since their serum concentration reflects the influence of parenteral nutrition on nutritional status and disease activity. Measurement of these proteins provides a useful guide to the management of patients with Crohn's disease treated with parenteral nutrition.
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PMID:[Effect of parenteral nutrition on serum proteins in patients with Crohn disease]. 680 21

Pig serum proteins were analysed by horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with a discontinuous buffer system (pH 9.0). A 12% acrylamide concentration in the separation gel was used. Each of the two paralbumin (Pa) alleles gave rise to two closely migrating fractions. The polymorphic Pa was identified as an alpha1-protease inhibitor as the Pa fractions inhibited the esterolytic activity of both bovine trypsin and chymotrypsin. Therefore, it has been proposed that the locus symbol for this prealbumin be changed to Pi-1. The protease inhibitory spectra and electrophoretic mobility of the Pa (Pi-1) fractions suggested that this protein was probably the same as the pig serum alpha1-protease inhibitor described in some earlier studies and that it corresponds to human serum alpha 1-protease inhibitor (Pi).
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PMID:Polymorphic serum prealbumin (Pa) of pig, identified as and alpha1-protease inhibitor. 697 15

Bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome (BBOS) is an important cause of gastrointestinal (GI) abnormalities. Proinflammatory cytokines (PICs) are excessively produced and accumulate because of kidney failure in dialysis patients who experience chronic infections such as BBOS. We explored the association between GL function, BBOS, and the malnutrition, inflammation, and atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome. We studied GI malabsorption and maldigestion by analyzing fecal starch, sugar, fat, and nitrogen; intestinal protein permeability (alpha1-antitrypsin fecal clearance); and fecal chymotrypsin. We evaluated BBOS by breath hydrogen test (BHT) after a 3-day fat-and-carbohydrate-overload diet. Positive BHT was present in 10 patients, showing a high prevalence of GI macronutrient malabsorption and maldigestion, and compared with the other patients, the highest plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 and lower levels of albumin and prealbumin. Those 10 patients were treated with a combination of several antibiotics, including neomycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and quinolones. Between 2 and 3 months later, the BHT, markers of nutrition, and PIC were re-tested. All treated patients showed an improvement in nutrition status and a lesser inflammatory pattern. The BBOS infectious process is found frequently in dialysis patients in association with GI malabsorption and maldigestion, malnutrition, and systemic inflammation. Hyperproduction of PIC because of BBOS induces MIA through a double pathway: GI disorders and deleterious systemic effects.
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PMID:Bowel bacterial overgrowth as another cause of malnutrition, inflammation, and atherosclerosis syndrome in peritoneal dialysis patients. 2134 95