Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.4.21.1 (chymotrypsin)
10,938 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The synthetic peptide N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid is specifically cleaved by chymotrypsin to Bz-Ty and PABA. The liberated PABA is absorbed and excreted in the urine. Accordingly, PABA recovery reflects intraluminal chymotrypsin activity and is an index of exocrine pancreatic function. This test was evaluated in 24 patients with cystic fibrosis to determine its role in the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Cumulative percent PABA recovery in six hours was significantly lower in CF patients compared with the control group. No overlap was noted between the two groups. There was good correlation between PABA recovery, fecal chymotrypsin activity, and coefficient of fat absorption. These findings indicate that PABA recovery is significantly reduced in patients with CF and steatorrhea and may prove a practical and reliable test of pancreatic insufficiency.
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PMID:Diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in cystic fibrosis by the synthetic peptide N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid. 30 53

The oral dose of 2g 4-(N-acetyl-L-tyrosyl) aminobenzoic acid was used to establish the secretion of pancreatic chymotrypsin after stimulation with Lundh's test-meal in 45 persons. By action of chymotrypsin 4-aminobenzoic acid is split in the small intestine. The extent of its excretion in the urine serves as an indicator of exocrine pancreatic secretion. The 4-aminobenzoic acid in the urine is estimated after acid hydrolysis by the diazotation reaction. The average value (x +/- SE) of 4-aminobenzoic acid excreted in an 8-hr urine sample amounts to 69.4 +/- 3.0% with the lower limit of the normal values (x - 2 SD) 49.6%. The corresponding values in patients with pancreatic maldigestion were significantly decreased (25.1 +/- 3.6%). Reduction of the collection period of urine to 6 hrs is sufficient for the demonstration of more advanced forms of pancreatic insufficiency. In cases of disturbances of absorption in the small intestine an extension of the urine collection period to 8 hrs is recommended. We consider this oral test to be a suitable screening method which can be conveniently used in out-patient practice.
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PMID:Functional examination of the pancreatic secretion with 4-(n-acetyl-l-tyrosyl)aminobenzoic acid. 30 23

A new test using N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (N-BT-PABA) for an evaluation of exocrine pancreatic function was compared with a pancreozymin-secretin test in 38 subjects. Urinary recovery of PABA, which is absorbed from the intestine and conjugated in the liver after an oral administration of N-BT-PABA, depends mainly on chymotrypsin activity. The recovery rate of PABA in urine decreases in chronic pancreatitis, in which chymotrypsin activity in the duodenal juice is disturbed. The recovery rate of PABA in calcifying chronic pancreatitis was 40.2 +/- 15% and significantly less than 81.2 +/- 7.4% in normal subjects (P less than 0.01). The amount of PABA in urine during eight hours was correlated with parameters of volume output- bicarbonate concentration and amylase output stimulated by injections of pancreozymin and secretin (P-S test). The new test using N-BT-PABA is useful for the evaluation of exocrine pancreatic function in general practice.
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PMID:Oral administration of chymotrypsin labile peptide for a new test of exocrine pancreatic function (PET) in comparison and pancreozymin-secretin test. 30 13

32 patients with proven chronic pancreatitis and 56 controls without evidence of pancreatic disease were studied by the PABA test, the fecal chymotrypsin method and the fecal fat method. The sensitivity of the fecal chymotrypsin method for detection of pancreatic disease was significantly higher (p less than 0.005). The sensitivity of the PABA test and the fecal fat method were comparable. The specificity of the PABA test and the fecal chymotrypsin method was of the same order.
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PMID:[PABA test versus chymotrypsin and fat determinations in the stool in pancreatic functional diagnosis]. 31 46

An indirect exocrine pancreatic function test (PFT) which measures the ability of a test to hydrolyze a chymotrypsin-labile peptide (N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-PABA), was carried out in rats and swine with simulated partial exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. When spray-dried egg white (SDEW), which contains an inhibitor of chymotrypsin, was administered as a test meal with the PFT, the degree of pancreatic insufficiency was more pronounced. The results suggest that SDEW or raw egg while may be useful as a test meal to be given in conjunction with the PFT in humans in order to accentuate moderate degrees of pancreatic insufficiency and improve the sensitivity of this indirect test of pancreatic function.
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PMID:Improved sensitivity of the BTPABA pancreatic function test in animals with meals of raw egg white. 31 25

The synthetic peptide N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-amino-benzoic acid is selectively metabolized by chymotrypsin. Its derivates are excreted in urine and are taken as a measure of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. The results of PABA-peptide test, of chymotrypsin activity and of the fat content of faeces were compared with each others in 25 patients suspicious to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. The results correlate well. Because of the practicability the PABA-peptide test is suggested as an additional routine-method in diagnosis of pancreatic functions although it does not substitute any established method.
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PMID:[The PABA-peptide test: a method in diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (author's transl)]. 31 38

After Whipple operations, follow-up examinations were conducted under hospital conditions in order to investigate the function of the remainder of the pancreas and the extent to which general health was adversely affected. General parameters such as vocational rehabilitation, history of pain, and weight were analyzed, as well as chemistry related to the severity of pancreatic malassimilation, e.g., stool weight, stool fat contents, fat utilization, chymotrypsin in stool, and PABA test. An exocrine pancreatic insufficiency was found in 80% of patients, but this was easily manageable using medications, sometimes in combination with a MCT fat diet. Subclinical diabetes mellitus was shown in 80% of patients using glucose tolerance tests. However, clinical manifestations of diabetes did not occur.
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PMID:[Function of the residual pancreas following partial duodeno-pancreatectomy]. 45 44

The inhibition of chymotrypsin activity by pig, dog, human and rat blood plasma was studied. N-Benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-amino-benzoate (PABA-peptide) was used as the substrate. Crystalline bovine chymotrypsin as well as activated lyophilized human, pig, rat and chicken pancreatic secretions were used as enzyme sources. Certain species differences were noted. Swine plasma had no effect on bovine or human chymotrypsin while it inhibited that of the chicken by 67%. Dog plasma was a potent inhibitor of chymotrypsin activity from all sources tested. An acute pancreatitis model using the rat was also developed in which pancreatic juice flow was blocked without interference with biliary flow. After 24 h, these animals had increased plasma amylase activity, decreased plasma protease inhibitor and decreased hematocrit. By 72 h, amylase, trypsin inhibitor and hematocrit had nearly recovered while chymotrypsin inhibitor had actually increased above control levels. In rats subjected to hepatectomy or to hepatectomy plus pancreatic blockage, plasma protease inhibitor was even more severely depressed and remained so.
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PMID:Species specificity and other aspects of chymotrypsin inhibition by plasma. 61 41

One gram N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl PABA was orally administered to 24 controls, 15 patients with chronic exocrine pancreatic disease, 13 patients after an attack of acute pancreatitis, two patients with gluten-sensitive enteropathy, and 10 patients with biliary tract disease, peptic ulcer, or other pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. In the presence of chymotrypsin, PABA is split from the peptide and excreted in the urine. The amount of PABA excreted serves as a parameter of exocrine pancreatic function. In 51 patients, exocrine pancreatic secretion was also assessed by the Lundh test. In the control group a mean of 59-6 +/- 12-2% (mean +/- 2 SD) of the peptide-PABA was excreted over a period of six hours. PABA excretion in exocrine pancreatic deficiency was significantly less (P less than 0.001) than in controls. With one exception no overlap of data was noted. In the group with exocrine pancreatic deficiency, a significant relationship was shown between the PFT and the Lundh test. Reproducibility in duplicate test was excellent. The present data justify further investigations of this procedure as a possible new oral test of exocrine pancreatic function.
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PMID:Oral administration of a chymotrypsin-labile peptide--a new test of exocrine pancreatic function in man (PFT). 126 77

A N-benzoil-L-tyrosil-PABA test on 6h urine collection, a plasma PABA assay 2 h after administration and a fecal chymotrypsin assay were performed on 66 patients (36 controls and 30 type 2 diabetic patients on insulin therapy). All patients were hospitalized and without gastrointestinal and renal disease. The mean values of plasmatic PABA and fecal chymotrypsin were significantly lower in the diabetic group than in the controls (p less than 0.025 and p less than 0.01, respectively), although they remained within normal range. But this was not the case for PABA urinary excretion values. This may indicate a slower but more protracted PABA absorption during the third or fourth hour with the result that urinary excretion over 6h is not greatly affected. There was good correlation between fecal chymotrypsin values and both PABA urinary excretion values and serum PABA values, a trend observed both in diabetics (p less than 0.005 and p less than 0.001, respectively) and in controls (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.005, respectively). This could indicate that even at lower mean levels, the diabetic patients show the same behavior pattern and therefore maintain the same indexes of correlation as the control population. Our results suggest that these indirect, but simple, economical and well-tolerated tests could be considered a valid alternative for investigating pancreatic function especially in those patients that cannot be tested by a Secretin-Cerulein test.
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PMID:Comparison of BT-PABA test and fecal chymotrypsin measurements in normal subjects and diabetic patients. 219 46


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