Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.21.1 (chymotrypsin)
 10,938 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two-dimensional (2-D) gel analysis was used to examine differences in the levels of 19 plasma proteins: before and after an acute inflammatory reaction (parenteral typhoid vaccination) in normal subjects, between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and normals and in RA patients treated with tenidap (120 mg) and piroxicam (20 mg). Typhoid vaccination increased levels of SAA, haptoglobin alpha1, haptoglobin alpha2, haptoglobin beta and alpha1-anti-chymotrypsin but decreased transthyretin and apolipoprotein E. In RA patients, serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin alpha2, haptoglobin beta, alpha1-antichymotrypsin and C3 proactivator levels were elevated while apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein A-IV, transthyretin, Gc-globulin, alpha2-HS glycoprotein, alpha2-macroglobulin and alpha1-B glycoprotein levels were decreased, compared to normals. Compared to piroxicam, tenidap lowered levels of alpha1-antiprotease and SAA but raised the levels of transthyretin, Gc-globulin, alpha2-HS-glycoprotein and alpha2-macroglobulin in RA patients. C-reactive protein (CRP) could not be quantified on 2-D gels but, when measured by rate nephelometry, levels were reduced after treatment with tenidap compared to piroxicam. The general pattern of the acute phase protein response to an acute inflammatory response to typhoid vaccination is similar to that in the chronic inflammatory condition, RA. The impact of tenidap on both positive and negative acute-phase proteins in RA patients could clearly be distinguished from that of piroxicam.
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PMID:Analysis of changes in acute-phase plasma proteins in an acute inflammatory response and in rheumatoid arthritis using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. 954 3

Two distinct cytotoxic factors isolated from a Salmonella Gallinarum strain recovered from a bird died during an outbreak of fowl typhoid were purified to homogeneity through ciprofloxacin extraction, salt precipitation, dialysis, gelfiltration, ionexchange chromatography and chromatofocusing. These were designated as Salmonella Gallinarum cytotoxin I (GCT-I) and II (GCT-II). GCT-I was a glycoprotein having mol.wt and pI of Ca 70 kDa and 8.8, respectively. It was lethal to birds (LD50, 150 micrograms) inducing fowl typhoid like lesions. GCT-II, a protein with Ca 55 kDa mol.wt., was not lethal but caused haemorrhagic diarrhoea on intraperitoneal inoculation in birds. Both the cytotoxins induced cytopathic effects (CPE) in Vero and Madin Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells, enterotoxicity in rabbit ileal loop, dermatotoxicity in the rabbit skin and specific neutralizing antibodies in rabbits. These were active only between a narrow pH range of 6 to 8.5 and thermostable at 90 degrees C (1 min) but lost their activities on boiling. Trypsin and chymotrypsin enhanced their cytotoxicity, while pepsin, papain, protease, lipase and urea (5 M) had no appreciable effect on their cytotoxicity. Sodium carbonate (0.05 M) and formaldehyde (0.05%) had no effect on antigenicity of both the cytotoxic factors but rendered them nontoxic. Identification and characterization of cytotoxic moieties of S. Gallinarum not only reveals the important virulence factor but also indicates about the use of toxic factors as a candidate for toxoid vaccine and immunodiagnostics.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of Salmonella Gallinarum cytotoxic factors. 1139 62

Variation in the inhibition of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and plasmin by serum was studied in 65 normal individuals and in 117 patients with a variety of diseases. It was shown that elevated inhibition for trypsin and chymotrypsin is associated with disease processes that bring about cellular destruction. Changes in the inhibition of trypsin and chymotrypsin were closely correlated with changes in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and fibrinogen concentration that occur in association with disease. Intravenous typhoid vaccine was found to produce parallel changes in the inhibition of trypsin and chymotrypsin and in the fibrinogen concentration in human beings. It was concluded that the diagnostic significance of increased trypsin or chymotrypsin inhibition is the same as that of increased fibrinogen concentration; it is a common, non-specific response to a variety of pathological conditions and has no value as a specific diagnostic test. Increased plasmin inhibition occurred too infrequently to permit detailed study.
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PMID:Studies on the inhibition of proteolytic enzymes by serum. III. Physiological aspects of variations in proteolytic inhibition. The concurrence of changes in fibrinogen concentration with changes in trypsin inhibition. 1494 23