Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.16.2 (PCP)
 3,761 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of buprenorphine on behavior reinforced by smoked cocaine base and orally delivered phencyclidine (PCP), ethanol and saccharin were compared. There were six groups of four to five rhesus monkeys. Group 1 contained four monkeys that had been trained to smoke cocaine base under progressive ratio (PR) or fixed ratio (FR) schedules. Up to eight smoke deliveries (2 mg/kg) were available during daily 3-hr sessions. Each delivery was separated by a 15-min timeout. The remaining groups received concurrent access to different combinations of orally delivered liquids as follows: group 2, PCP (0.25 mg/ml) and water; group 3, saccharin (0.03% w/v) and water; group 4, PCP and saccharin; group 5, ethanol (8% w/v) and water; and group 6, ethanol and PCP. Saline or buprenorphine (0.003, 0.012, 0.05, 0.2 and 0.8 mg/kg) injections were given i.m. 30 min before each session for 5 consecutive days. Buprenorphine produced a dose-dependent reduction in behavior maintained by PCP, ethanol or saccharin in all of the six groups. In group 1, the suppressant effects of buprenorphine on cocaine base smoking were greater in the two monkeys that responded under FR 5 schedules than in the two that responded under PR schedules. When PCP and saccharin were concurrently available (group 4), buprenorphine had a greater suppressant effect on PCP than when water was concurrently present (group 2). Buprenorphine produced nearly a complete suppression in saccharin-maintained responding at doses of 0.012 mg/kg and higher in groups 3 and 4. Buprenorphine reduced ethanol deliveries to about 50% at doses of 0.012 mg/kg and higher in group 5. When PCP and ethanol were concurrently available (group 6), buprenorphine had an effect on PCP and ethanol that was similar to that found when the drugs were available concurrently with water. These results suggest that buprenorphine suppresses behavior maintained by several drug and nondrug substances, and it further suppresses PCP-maintained behavior that is already reduced by a nondrug alternative reinforcer.
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PMID:Buprenorphine's effects on self-administration of smoked cocaine base and orally delivered phencyclidine, ethanol and saccharin in rhesus monkeys. 156 Mar 73

I report how some adulterants affect results for drugs of abuse in urine as measured by Roche RIA, Syva emit d.a.u., and Abbott TDx fpia (fluorescence polarization immunoassay) for the following drugs: amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, cocaine, opiates, and phencyclidine (PCP). Sodium chloride interfered negatively with all of these drugs when assayed by emit and caused a slight decrease in measured benzodiazepine concentration by fpia. Drug concentrations were also decreased by added H2O2 (emit: benzodiazepine), Joy detergent (emit: cannabinoid, benzodiazepines, PCP), NaHCO3 (emit: opiate; fpia: PCP), or NaClO [corrected] (emit, RIA, fpia: amphetamines, opiates, PCP; emit, fpia: cannabinoid; emit: benzodiazepines). False-positive results were caused by H2O2 (fpia: benzodiazepines) and Joy (RIA, fpia: benzodiazepine, cannabinoid; fpia: barbiturate, amphetamine). Sodium bicarbonate causes a suspiciously high pH in the urine, NaClO [corrected] an apparently low pH (using pH paper).
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PMID:Interference of common household chemicals in immunoassay methods for drugs of abuse. 253 73

1. Adult female Culex pipiens and Culiseta inornata have purinergic receptors that respond to extracellular ADP and related compounds. Stimulation of these receptors caused ingestion of artificial diets. Addition of bicarbonate to the saline solvent enhanced the phagostimulatory effect. Saline-bicarbonate was as effective a solvent as blood plasma for Cx. pipiens, and was used in the dose-effect determinations. Ranking of the potencies was: ADP greater than AMP-PNP greater than ATP = AMP greater than AMP-PCP much greater than 2'dAMP greater than 2'dADP greater than 2'dATP. At 1 mM concentration, ITP, GTP, CTP, UTP, c-AMP, 2'AMP, 3'AMP, DPG, or GSH + glucose caused fewer than 50% of the insects to gorge, as did 2'3'dd-ATP, A tetra P, and AMP-CPP at 100 microM. 2. The potency ranking for Cu. inornata was: ADP greater than AMP-PNP greater than ATP greater than AMP-PCP much greater than AMP much greater than AMP-S. The concentrations required to produce the ED50 response (inducing 50% of the test insects to gorge) were much higher than those required for Cx. pipiens; however, saline, not saline-bicarbonate, was used as the solvent. With the exception of the very low potency of AMP for Cu. inornata, the ADP potency index values for the other chemicals tested on both species are similar.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Purinergic reception by culicine mosquitoes. 290 19

The effect of phencyclidine (PCP) on latent learning was investigated using a one-trial water-finding task in mice. Mice without water deprivation were given PCP or saline before a training trial, which consisted of exposure to a novel open-field environment with an alcove containing a water tube. Twenty to twenty-four hours after water deprivation, animals were placed in the same apparatus and the time required to find the water tube measured (test trial). Saline-treated trained mice showed a significantly shorter time to find the water tube during the test trial (finding latency) than naive mice that had not been trained. When PCP (1mg/kg i.p.) was administered before the training trial, the finding latency was significantly prolonged in comparison with that in the saline-treated mice, indicating that PCP induced impairment of latent learning. 1-(3,4-Dimethoxy-phenethyl)-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine dihydrochloride (SA4503: 0.3 mg/kg s.c.) and (+)-pentazocine (1 mg/kg s.c.), selective sigma(1) receptor agonists, or D-cycloserine (10 and 30mg/kg, s.c.), a glycine binding site agonist, significantly counteracted the PCP-induced impairment of latent learning, whereas (+)-SKF-10,047 (0.1-3 mg/kg s.c.), a putative sigma(1) receptor agonist, did not. The ameliorating effects of SA4503 and (+)-pentazocine were antagonized by N,N-dipropyl-2-(4-methoxy-3-(2-phenylethoxy) phenyl) ethylamine (NE-100: 1 mg/kg i.p.), a selective sigma(1) receptor antagonist. SA4503 also ameliorated the impairment of latent learning induced by dizocilpine, a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, the effect being antagonized by NE-100. These results suggest that PCP induces an impairment of latent learning, this effect being mediated via glutamatergic systems, and that activation of sigma(1) receptors ameliorates impairment of latent learning induced by PCP.
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PMID:Phencyclidine impairs latent learning in mice: interaction between glutamatergic systems and sigma(1) receptors. 1118 40

The cognitive effects of subchronic phencyclidine administration in rats are still unsettled in the literature. Possible causes of discrepancies are different drug treatment regimens and task parameters. The current experiment tested whether variations in procedures of the delayed T-maze alternation task result in performance differences following identical PCP treatments. Sixteen rats were trained on a continuous version of the T-maze task where they alternated between successive free-choice runs. Another sixteen were trained on a discrete trials version where each trial started with a forced run followed by a free choice test. After training, half of the rats submitted to each task version were treated daily for 14 days with i.p. injections of PCP (10 mg/kg) and the remaining half received a saline solution. At 48 h after the last injection, the subjects were tested for 10 days in their respective task version. Results showed that rats treated with PCP were impaired relative to controls in the continuous alternation task whereas performance of PCP and Saline groups did not differ in the discrete trials version. Cognitive control from prefrontal cortex and/or striatal response-related processes could have been damaged by PCP exposure. The systematic study of differences in tasks parameters may help reconcile discordant findings on PCP's functional outcomes.
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PMID:Delayed alternation performance following subchronic phencyclidine administration in rats depends on task parameters. 1747 24