Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.16.2 (PCP)
 3,761 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The morbidity and mortality of workers occupationally exposed to wood treating chemicals used in Hawaii for the years 1960 to 1981 were evaluated. The specific chemical exposures investigated were CCA (chromated copper-arsenate), TBTO (tributyl tin oxide) and PCP (pentachlorophenol). Results of detailed medical histories, laboratory and physiological tests, and physical examinations of 88 wood treaters were compared with those of 58 matched controls. The occupationally exposed cases had a significantly higher mean level of urinary PCP as compared to the controls (mean of 174 ppb vs. 35 ppb, micrograms/kg). There were no significant differences between the groups for the other urinary pesticide residues. The medical histories and physical examinations revealed no significant variations between the wood treaters and the comparison group. Review of all organ systems and laboratory data showed no clinically significant differences between exposed and nonexposed cohorts, although elevated hepatic enzymes in both groups merit further study. The results indicated no adverse health effects or increased incidence of mortality resulting from exposure to wood preservative chemicals in wood treaters who had worked in the industry for 0.33 to 26.3 years with a median of 6.5 years. Only 6 deaths were reported, 5 of cardiovascular disease, one of cause undetermined and none of cancer. Total number of deaths were less than the 8 anticipated for this age group.
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PMID:Effects of pentachlorophenol and other chemical preservatives on the health of wood-treating workers in Hawaii. 238 15

The complex 2,6-bis[(di-t-butylphosphino)methyl]phenyl allyl palladium (PCP(tBu)Pd-allyl, 3) reacts with CO(2) in a very fast insertion reaction to give the corresponding butenoate complex. The reaction is thought to occur via a cyclic six-membered transition state (7), where the gamma-carbon of the allyl group is linked up with the CO(2)-carbon. A group of related PCP complexes were investigated as catalysts for the carboxylation of tributyl(allyl)stannane. A catalytic cycle is proposed for this reaction where the rate determining step is the transmetallation between tin and palladium. The carboxylation reaction is faster using less sterically crowded catalysts whereas the electron richness of the palladium complexes seems less important for reactivity. Thus, there was no apparent difference in reactivity between 2,6-bis[(di-phenylphosphino)methyl]phenyl palladium triflouroacetate (13) and resorcinolbis(diphenyl)phosphinite palladium triflouroacetate (10). Both of these complexes give high turnovers for the carboxylation of tributyl(allyl)stannane (80% in 16 h using a ca. 5% catalyst loading and 4 atm CO(2) pressure). On the other hand complex 3 was inactive in the catalytic carboxylation reaction.
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PMID:Insertion of CO2 into a palladium allyl bond and a Pd(II) catalysed carboxylation of allyl stannanes. 1721 35

The PCP-Rh(I) complex 1a based on the [1,3-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(diisopropylphosphine) ligand reacts with [diazo(phenyl)methyl]trimethylstannane (2) at room temperature to give novel pincer-type phenyl(dimethylstannyl)methylene]hydrazinato complex 3a. The reaction sequence involves a unique combination of Sn-C bond cleavage, C-C bond formation, C-H activation and intramolecular deprotonation of a rhodium hydride intermediate, which results in methylene transfer from an SnMe group to the pincer system and PCP-chelate expansion. A methylene-transfer reaction was also demonstrated with tetramethyltin as the methylene source in the presence of KOC(CH(3))(3) at room temperature. The resulting unstable "chelate-expanded" Rh(I) complex [(C(10)H(5)(CH(2)PiPr(2))(2))(CH(2))Rh(L)] (L=N(2), THF; 4a) was isolated as its carbonyl derivative 5a. Heating 4a in benzene yielded an equimolar amount of toluene and 1a, which demonstrates the ability of the Rh(I) pincer complex to extract a methylene group from an unactivated alkyl tin substrate and transfer it, via C-C followed by C-H activation, to an arene. Use of fluorobenzene resulted in formation of fluorotoluene. Catalytic methylene-group transfer mediated by 1a was not possible, because of formation of o-xylylene complex 8 under the reaction conditions. Steric parameters play a decisive role in the reactivity with tin compounds; while iPrP derivative 1 a underwent facile reactions, tBuP complex 1b was inert.
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PMID:Methylene transfer from SnMe groups mediated by a rhodium(I) pincer complex: Sn-C, C-C, and C-H bond activation. 1761 Feb 24

The surface microlayer often contains pesticides at levels which may be more than one hundred thousand times those sampled in the remainder of the water column. Standard bioassay systems cannot asses these pesticides since no system yet devised has made use of organisms inhabiting the surface microlayer. Using floating propagules of Pseudoaegerita matsushimae, an aeroaquatic hyphomycetous fungus, a bioassay system was devised in which the percentage germinations of such propagules after exposure to various levels of pesticides were plotted to produce a dosegermination scale onto which subsequent data could be fitted. The following pesticides and pesticide mixtures were used: PCP; DDT; Methoxychlor; Bis(tributyl)tin Oxide; Malathion; Captan; 1 part PCP/1 part DDT; 2 parts PCP/1 part DDT; 3 parts PCP/1 part DDT; 2 parts DDT/1 part PCP; 3 parts DDT/1 part PCP; 1 part PCP/1 part Methoxychlor; 2 parts PCP/1 part Methoxychlor; 3 parts PCP/1 part Methoxychlor; 2 parts Methoxychlor/1 part PCP; 3 parts Methoxychlor/1 part PCP. The bioassay system revealed increased sensitivity to pesticides and pesticide mixtures which affected respiratory metabolism. Some pesticide mixtures were more effective in inhibiting germination than their individual components while others appeared much less toxic to the propagules than their unassisted components.
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PMID:A new system to bioassay pesticides present in the surface microlayer using floating propagules of an aero-aquatic hyphomycetous fungus Pseu doaegerita matsushimae. 2422 50

In this article it is investigated how the hole extraction layer (HEL) influence the charge recombination and performance in half tin and half lead (FASn0.5 Pb0.5 I3 ) based solar cells (HPSCs). FASn0.5 Pb0.5 I3 film grown on PEDOT:PSS displays a large number of pin-holes and open grain boundaries, resulting in a high defect density and shunts in the perovskite film causing significant bulk and interfacial charge recombination in the HPSCs. By contrast, FASn0.5 Pb0.5 I3 films grown on PCP-Na, an anionic conjugated polymer, show compact and pin-hole free morphology over a large area, which effectively eliminates the shunts and trap states. Moreover, PCP-Na is characterized by a higher work function, which determines a favorable energy alignment at the anode interface, enhancing the charge extraction. Consequently, both the interfacial and bulk charge recombination in devices using PCP-Na HEL are considerably reduced giving rise to an overall improvement of all the device parameters. The HPSCs fabricated with this HEL display power conversion efficiency up to 16.27%, which is 40% higher than the efficiency of the control devices using PEDOT:PSS HEL (11.60%). Furthermore, PCP-Na as HEL offers superior performance in larger area devices compared to PEDOT:PSS.
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PMID:Enhancing the Performance of the Half Tin and Half Lead Perovskite Solar Cells by Suppression of the Bulk and Interfacial Charge Recombination. 2999 Oct 93