Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.16.2 (PCP)
 3,761 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Open clinical trials have suggested that desipramine may be an effective agent for treatment of phencyclidine (PCP) or amphetamine dependence. Four pairs (eight subjects) with PCP and two pairs (four subjects) with amphetamine dependence were studied. One subject in each pair was given desipramine or placebo under double-blind conditions. Although desipramine clearly was no more effective than placebo in treatment of PCP dependence, subjects with amphetamine dependence who received desipramine remained in treatment longer and submitted more urine samples absent of amphetamine than did subjects who received placebo.
NIDA Res Monogr 1986
PMID:Double-blind comparison of desipramine and placebo for treatment of phencyclidine or amphetamine dependence. 309 84

To assess the value of the current NIDA cutoff concentrations for screening assays that detect urinary cocaine metabolites and phencyclidine (PCP), we collected data on concentrations of these drugs in newborns and patients admitted to the Los Angeles County + University of Southern California Medical Center from July 1, 1991, to December 31, 1991. Less than 2% of the patients were positive for PCP. However, 16.5% of the newborns and 25.1% of the remaining age groups tested positive for cocaine metabolites. Among specimens that tested negative with the screening assays, approximately 3% (182 specimens, with 15 from newborns) clearly contained detectable amounts (between 50 and less than 300 ng/mL) of benzoylecgonine by GC/MS, while less than 0.6% had detectable amounts (10-25 ng/mL) of PCP. The mothers of 7 of the 15 newborns also had detectable benzoylecgonine at various concentrations. This indicates that a lower screening cutoff concentration may be desirable for cocaine metabolites in hospitalized patients. Among those patients positive for cocaine metabolites or PCP, most were males between 20 and 39 years old. The urine drug concentrations in this population were 4-300 times greater than the cutoff concentrations for the screening assays.
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PMID:Frequency of cocaine and phencyclidine detection at a large urban public teaching hospital. 810 65

Findings reported are for a subset of African American subjects, residing in the urban area of Washington, D. C., who participated in a Program Project designed to study nutrition, other factors, and the outcome of pregnancy. Fasting blood samples, drawn during each trimester of pregnancy and at delivery, were screened for concentrations of cocaine, phencyclidine (PCP) and marijuana. Since substance abusers are expected to consume inadequate diets, these samples were also analyzed for serum folate, vitamin B12, ferritin and ascorbic acid. Data for these biochemical variables were compared for subjects whose serum values for drugs were either above or below the drug screening threshold concentrations established by ADAMHA/NIDA. Pearson's correlations were used to determine relationships between pregnancy outcome variables and maternal serum drug concentrations. Blood samples drawn at delivery showed higher maternal: cord ratios (mean +/- SEM) for marijuana (3.3 +/- 2.2) and PCP (2.9 +/- 1.0) than for cocaine (1.0 +/- 0.2). The subjects whose serum values were above the ADAMHA/NIDA ranges for marijuana, PCP and cocaine had concentrations of folate and ferritin that were significantly less than those of subjects with lower serum drug levels (P < or = 0.05). High maternal serum concentrations of illicit drugs were accompanied by a significant increase in leukocyte count (P < or = 0.05). The level of maternal cocaine during the third trimester was inversely correlated with birthweight (r = -0.29; n = 52; P = 0.038) and head circumference (r = -0.28; n = 52; P = 0.047).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Relationships of serum illicit drug concentrations during pregnancy to maternal nutritional status. 820 48

The studies described demonstrate that rat brain mRNA directs the synthesis of at least four types of functional EAA receptors in the Xenopus oocyte system, whereas in this system NCB-20 cell mRNA directs the synthesis of only the NMDA type of EAA receptor. The NMDA channel expressed in the oocyte, using either rat brain mRNA or NCB-20 cell mRNA, exhibits the pharmacologic properties of the neuronal receptor, including the functional association with the PCP receptor located within the NMDA-gated channel. The demonstration that mRNA isolated from NCB-20 cells lacking functional NMDA-activated channels, but bearing PCP binding sites, can encode functional NMDA-activated channels in the oocyte indicates some defect or regulating step in posttranslational processing or insertion of the receptors into the plasma membrane in the cell of origin. This is the only cell line known to (1) have PCP receptors that appear to be associated with NMDA receptors and (2) provide a homogeneous, self-replicating population of cells that can be manipulated genetically and by changing the extracellular environment. Consequently, the NCB-20 cell line will be useful for the study of the NMDA receptor and its expression.
NIDA Res Monogr 1993
PMID:Molecular biology of PCP and NMDA receptors. 823 12

We have demonstrated the absence of PCP receptors and the presence of sigma receptors in PBLs and rat pituitary, adrenal, testis, and ovary that have kinetic and pharmacologic characteristics comparable with the sigma receptor found in the CNS. The physiologic significance of the sigma receptors in the various lymphoid and endocrine tissues remains to be determined, but their presence in such high densities suggests that endogenous sigma ligands may play an important role in regulating and integrating endocrine and immune responses. Thus, in addition to their central actions, sigma agonists including PCP and SKF 10,047 may exert their immunosuppressive and endocrine effects directly through actions in the pituitary and target organs. On the other hand, the effects of selective PCP agonists on endocrine function appear to be mediated primarily through actions in brain. Furthermore, the immunologic and endocrine effects of neuroleptics such as haloperidol, which have previously been attributed primarily to actions at D2 dopamine receptors, may also be mediated via sigma receptors in brain, lymphoid, and endocrine organs. Finally, the immune and neuroendocrine systems may represent useful "windows to the brain" to assess the role of sigma and PCP receptors in the CNS.
NIDA Res Monogr 1993
PMID:Sigma and phencyclidine receptors in the brain-endocrine-immune axis. 823 18


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