Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.16.2 (PCP)
 3,761 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Violence associated with chronic phencyclidine (PCP) abuse was investigated by administering a structured interview to 16 chronic PCP abusers. A more intensive study was done of another individual who committed murder and self-mutilation under the influence of PCP. The results suggest that there is no consistent association between PCP-related violence and a history of violence not related to drug or alcohol abuse. The author defines four types of violence associated with chronic PCP abuse.
 ...
PMID:Violence associated with phencyclidine abuse. 50 11

The performance of sober (average length of abstinence = 27 months) phencyclidine (PCP) abusers on neuropsychological measures of organicity was compared to that of polydrug users who were not experienced with PCP, and to controls who were not alcohol or drug abusers. Six of 12 PCP users, five of 12 polydrug users, and none of the controls showed neuropsychological impairments. The deficits in PCP users occurred despite negative medical-neurological history, and even though the PCP group abused other drugs previously associated with neuropsychological impairment less than the polydrug group. Deficiencies in abstracting and in perceptual-motor integrative abilities were noted. The results suggest the possibility that PCP abuse might be associated with neuropsychological disturbance which persists for considerable time after PCP use ceases.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1979
PMID:Is phencyclidine (PCP) abuse associated with organic mental impairment?. 53 70

Little data exists relative to ongoing treatment of adolescent phencyclidine (PCP) abusers. This paper presents data gathered on a cohort of 87 residents in an adolescent social rehabilitation program. Approximately 50% of this cohort were either chronic or occasional PCP users. Both groups were found to be regular users of other drugs. Demographic characteristics are described, as are behaviors and symptoms reflective of various emotional and behavioral problems. When length of stay on non-PCP users and occasional and chronic users were compared, it was found that chronic users remain in treatment longest. No PCP-induced psychosis was found. Symptoms of depression, anxiety, aggitation, and other reported psychological effects of PCP were seen. Considerations for treatment are briefly discussed.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1978
PMID:Treatment of adolescent phencyclidine (PCP) abusers. 75 80

A survey of 104 deaths involving phencyclidine (PCP) occurring from 1981 through 1986 in metropolitan St. Louis, Missouri, is presented. Four black males (22-33 yr) died from fatal PCP intoxication. PCP was detected in an additional 100 deaths: 81 homicides, 13 suicides, and 6 accidental deaths. Seventy-five of these deaths were homicides of Black males (mean age 27 years) typically dying from gunshot wounds, 64 cases. In 50% of deaths where PCP was detected, other drugs were co-administered: ethanol (35%) and cocaine (20%) being the most common mixtures. A dramatic continuous increase in PCP abuse from 1984 through 1986 was demonstrated by drug abuse indicator data: treatment admissions, emergency room episodes, police exhibits, and driving under the influence of PCP arrests. Increased abuse of PCP in St. Louis has been associated with increased medical emergencies and violence against persons.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1990
PMID:Phencyclidine and violent deaths in St. Louis, Missouri: a survey of medical examiners' cases from 1977 through 1986. 228 25

Phencyclidine (PCP) remains a widely used illicit drug, especially among adolescents and young adults. The pharmacologic effects of PCP are similar to those of cocaine; therefore, in this retrospective study 37 PCP-intoxicated parturients were matched for ethnicity, tobacco use, age, gravidity, and degree of prenatal care with 37 cocaine-intoxicated parturients. Infants exposed to PCP in utero, like those exposed to cocaine, had a high incidence of intrauterine growth retardation (32 vs 19%, N.S.), precipitate labor (43 vs 27%, N.S.), symptoms of neonatal drug withdrawal/intoxication, and prolonged neonatal hospitalizations. Moreover, they were more likely to have meconium-stained amniotic fluid (30 vs 19%, p = .05) and less likely to be born prematurely as cocaine-exposed infants. The comparison between the long-term developmental outcome of these groups awaits further study.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1990
PMID:Perinatal outcome associated with PCP versus cocaine use. 228 31

Screening of 155 consecutive admissions to a voluntary, 4-6 week substance abuse inpatient rehabilitation program revealed a 13% prevalence of PCP abuse (defined by DSM-III criteria) and a 23% prevalence of nonabusive PCP use. The 20 PCP abusers were significantly younger (31.6 vs 40.2 years) and had more prior arrests (2.0 vs 0.8) than the 36 nonabusive users, but did not differ in other sociodemographic characteristics. The age range of patients was older than previously reported in the literature, with three PCP abusers (15%) and 15 users (42%) 40 years of age or older. A majority of both abusers (80%) and users (97%) also abused other drugs, including alcohol (57%), opiates (29%), marijuana (29%), and stimulants (18%). The mean length of stay for PCP abusers was 27 days, with 11 completing inpatient treatment. Urine samples were collected upon admission from all patients and assayed for PCP by gas chromatography with N-P detection (sensitivity = 0.1 ng/mL). Patients with initial positive PCP results had follow-up urines collected at least weekly until the PCP assay was negative or they left the treatment program. Twenty-seven percent of patients had PCP detected in admission urine samples, one-third of whom initially denied PCP use. Six patients still had PCP detected after 4 weeks of hospitalization, without evidence of PCP reuse. These findings suggest that PCP abuse and use are common among unselected patients seeking substance abuse inpatient treatment and that they are not confined to the adolescent/young adult age group.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1989
PMID:Inpatient treatment of PCP abusers and users. 292 7

Fifty-seven infants exposed to phencyclidine (PCP) in utero were followed for the first year of life. Thirty-six (65%) of the 55 for whom birth records were available manifested symptoms of neonatal narcotic withdrawal syndrome, including 16 (52%) of those whose mothers denied opiate abuse during pregnancy. Temperament problems were noted in 47% of the babies and sleep problems in 14%. The majority of infants grew normally, but a larger than expected number started out small and remained small. Testing using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at age one year revealed a mental development index (mean +/- SD) of 94 +/- 10 and a psychomotor development index of 98 +/- 10. Attachment behavior was abnormal in 17%. Most infants were cared for by their natural mother. Further studies are needed to determine later effects of in utero PCP exposure, as well as effects on the infants being raised by women who have used PCP. Phencyclidine toxicity needs to be considered when evaluating babies with signs of neonatal narcotic withdrawal syndrome.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1989
PMID:What happens to babies exposed to phencyclidine (PCP) in utero? 292 9

Multiple studies have reported about substance abuse in Blacks and Hispanics. However, little is known about substance-abusing psychiatric patients of these ethnic groups. This study reports the prevalence and patterns of substance abuse among 171 consecutive patients (90 Blacks and 81 Hispanics) admitted to the acute psychiatric unit of an inner-city general hospital. The lifetime prevalence was 63%. Within the month prior to admission, 48% had used the following substances: cannabis, 40%; alcohol, 37%; amphetamines, 20%; cocaine, 12%; phencyclidine (PCP), 12%; barbiturates and/or sedative-hypnotics, 10%; opioids, 9%; inhalants, 1%; hallucinogens, 1%. Those who abused alcohol were more likely to abuse barbiturates and/or sedative-hypnotics, and opioids. Logistic regression analysis showed that major depression, ethnicity, and schizophrenia each were significant predictors of particular types of abuse. Patients with major depression were less likely to use PCP, Blacks were more likely than Hispanics to use hallucinogens, and schizophrenics were less likely to use opioids. In all cases in which sex, age, and personality disorder were significant, males, the young adult group, and those with personality disorder were more likely to be abusers. These three variables were all strong predictors of both multiple and extensive substance abuse. Overall, our findings suggest that in the inner-city, a substantial number of young adult psychiatric inpatients are a high risk group for multiple substance abuse. The coexistence of substance abuse and other psychiatric disorders has clinical and treatment implications, and calls attention for changes within the conventional psychiatric milieu.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1988
PMID:Inner-city substance abuse patterns: a study of psychiatric inpatients. 326 29

Methods for determination of PCP in body fluids are presented and a rapid screening method is suggested. The demographics, psychiatric profiles, forensic aspects, and diagnostic problems of PCP abuse are discussed.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1987
PMID:PCP abuse in New Orleans: a six-year study. 331 97

Urine specimens from methadone treatment clinics were screened for various abused drugs between 1974-1979 by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and immunoassay techniques (IAT). A comparison of the relative incidence of drugs abused reveals that IAT are more sensitive and detect far greater number of subjects abusing drugs than TLC. The results also show a significant abuse of heroin and cocaine during the period studied and a variation of the incidence of other drugs used during the same period. While these patients did not receive benzodiazepenes and tricyclic antidepressants by prescription, their abuse alone and in combination with each other was also found to be widespread. Low levels of PCP and/or its analogs were found in 1978 and 1979. The frequent finding of low levels of PCP in combination with other drugs indicates the availability of this hallucinogen and point to its use in combination with other illicit drugs such as cocaine, amphetamine, and heroin. The suggestion is made that more sensitive analytical methods for drugs screening be utilized in methadone monitoring programs, and that other classes of drugs be added than are currently required.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1981
PMID:Drug abuse patterns of patients on methadone treatment in New York City. 730 10


1 2 Next >>