Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.16.2 (PCP)
 3,761 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A previously healthy 30-year-old black woman with no history of substance abuse was hospitalized after she attempted to drown her 4-year-old son. She had become progressively confused and delusional after a flu-like illness 2 weeks before. Serum and lumbar CSF samples assayed for phencyclidine (PCP) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with d5 PCP as an internal standard were positive. The patient recovered rapidly after treatment with haloperidol and acidification of her urine. Suspicion of PCP abuse should remain high among patients with psychosis, even for those with no history of substance abuse.
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PMID:Phencyclidine in CSF and serum: a case of attempted filicide by a mother without a history of substance abuse. 373 77

The pattern of alcohol and drug abuse among 78 consecutive newly admitted patients to a middle Tennessee state hospital psychiatric ward was examined. There was a high prevalence of alcohol, marijuana, hypnotic sedative, and stimulant abuse among this patient population within 1 month prior to their hospitalization. However, only 1 patient gave a history of PCP abuse and none of the 76 plasma samples analyzed by the GCN and GC2-N methods was positive for PCP or its common analogues. This study does not support a high prevalence of PCP abuse among this group of psychiatric patients.
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PMID:Drug abuse among state hospital psychiatric inpatients with particular reference to PCP. 401 23

Four patients are described who had a history of PCP abuse, prolonged psychosis, and poor neuroleptic response. Three of these patients were given ECT; all showed a dramatic response after the third or fourth treatment. The authors recommend that ECT be tried in psychotic patients who have used PCP if they fail to respond to antipsychotic medications after 1 week of inpatient treatment.
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PMID:The efficacy of ECT in phencyclidine-induced psychosis. 614 71

The behavioral and pharmacological interactions between delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC) and phencyclidine (PCP) were studied following coadministration of the drugs in smoke to mice. While delta 9-THC (25, 50 or 100 mg/cigarette) had little effect on spontaneous motor activity, all doses attenuated the hyperactivity elicited by PCP X HCl (25 and 50 mg/cigarette). delta 9-THC produced a dose-related hypothermia. PCP X HCl (50 mg/cigarette) had no effect on body temperature but enhanced hypothermia when combined with 25 mg of delta 9-THC. delta 9-THC (100 mg/cigarette) had no effect on the biodisposition of 3H-PCP and its pyrolytic product, 3H-phenylcyclohexene (3H-PC), when examined immediately after 3H-PCP X HCl (50 mg/ cigarette) exposure. At 30 min, brain, liver, lung and plasma contained higher concentrations of 3H-PC and fat and plasma contained lower concentrations of 3H-PCP in the mice exposed to both drugs compared to 3H-PCP X HCl alone. It appears, therefore, that delta 9-THC has the potential for altering the behavioral, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic sequelae of PCP abuse.
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PMID:Interactions between phencyclidine and delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in mice following smoke exposure. 629 42

Phencyclidine ("PCP" or "angel dust") and some of its derivatives are psychotomimetic drugs that have been used in general anesthesia for some time. This drug blocks potassium ion channels in brain tissue, and there is a specific PCP binding to lymphocytes. In a study of the effects of this drug on immunocyte function, it was found that humoral and cellular immune responses in vitro were depressed when immunocytes were treated with PCP before biological assay. This finding has implications for PCP abuse and also for the use of its derivative in general anesthesia, where it may contribute to postoperative infection.
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PMID:Phencyclidine-induced immunodepression. 632 64

Phencyclidine (PCP) is a drug that is frequently misused by smoking. Recent popularity of PCP abuse by this method probably stems from the fact that smoking allows users to titrate themselves as well as reduce the incidence of adverse reactions. PCP is pyrolyzed at high temperatures to form predominantly 1-phenyl-1-cyclohexene (PC). Piperidine and related products are formed in smaller quantities. Smoke from cigarettes impregnated with PCP contains approximately equimolar concentrations of PCP and PC. It has been shown that PCP and PC are present in the circulation of individuals after they smoke PCP-laden cigarettes. In addition, PCP and PC can be found in plasma as well as in all major organs of mice exposed to smoke from PCP-containing cigarettes. The brain concentrations of PC in mice are comparable to those of PCP immediately after exposure but the PC levels decline somewhat more rapidly. Actually the time course of behavioral activity correlates better with PCP levels than with PC levels. In addition, PC and its major metabolites, as well as piperidine, are considerably less active behaviorally than PCP, which suggests that pyrolysis represents an inactivation process for PCP. However, a total lack of contribution of pyrolysis products to PCP's actions has not been ruled out.
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PMID:Disposition of phencyclidine and its pyrolytic products in mice exposed to smoke. 685 74

An immunogen was prepared from a succinamide derivative preparation of phencyclidine (PCP) and coupled to bovine gamma globulin by means of water-soluble carbodiimide. Phencyclidine, 10 of its analogs, and a 3,4-3H-PCP all bound competitively to antibodies induced in rabbits. An assay was developed using the ammonium sulfate precipitation separation method. The minimum detection limit to PCP was 2 ng/mL and that for various analogs ranged from 50 pg/mL to approximately 100 ng/mL. No cross reactivity was observed with at least 25 commonly used drugs. A double blind qualitative clinical evaluation of the assay was conducted with gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) and GLC-mass spectrometry methods. No false positive or false negative results were observed. For qualitative screening a "cut-off" level equivalent to 5 ng/mL was used for both serum and urine to distinguish between positive and negative specimens. Urine and serum samples from emergency room patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms and methadone clinic patients and autopsy material showed a significant incidence of PCP abuse, particularly among adolescents and young adults.
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PMID:Radioimmunoassay screening test for detection of phencyclidine (PCP, "angel dust") abuse among teenagers. 719 88

Two cases concerning newborn infants whose mothers used phencyclidine (PCP) during pregnancy are described. The neonatal symptoms of maternal PCP abuse were jitteriness, hypertonicity, vomiting, and one case of diarrhea. In both infants, PCP was detected in the urine during the first few days of life. Both infants were successfully treated with phenobarbital but they continued to remain jittery and slightly hypertonic following discontinuation of the therapy. In one case the infant was noted to be microcephalic. In the neonate, the symptoms of maternal PCP abuse are similar to the symptoms of narcotic withdrawal. The diagnosis of PCP effects in the neonate can be confirmed by urinalysis for the drug. The teratogenicity of PCP remains a possibility. The metabolism and treatment of PCP effects in the newborn need further clarification.
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PMID:Neonatal manifestations of maternal phencyclidine (PCP) abuse. 732 87

Phencyclidine hydrochloride (PCP) is a psychoactive drug that in small doses produces agitation, excitement, and disorientation, but in larger doses results in stupor, convulsions, coma, and death. Two accident victims under the effects of phencyclidine were in coma. A history of phencyclidine abuse was not initially available in either instance. Head injury was suspected in both patients, although their neurological symptoms suggested a state of sensory blockade. Phencyclidine abuse should be considered in all patients with atypical coma despite a clear history of trauma.
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PMID:Phencyclidine abuse mimicking head injury. 737

To analyze the mechanisms of PCP abuse, we investigated the changes in PCP-induced motivational properties and neuronal functions in animals. First, we determined that PCP-induced withdrawal syndrome may, in part, be produced by 5-HTergic neuronal systems. Second, using rats treated with subacute PCP, we established that subacute PCP may produce behavioral changes (stereotyped behaviors and hyperlocomotion), mediated by both dopaminergic, 5-HTergic neuronal, and NO systems. Third, using the place conditioning paradigm, we confirmed that (1) both dopamine-D1 and 5-HT2A receptors, but not sigma receptors, may be involved in PCP-induced place aversion, and (2) subacute PCP produces place preference. Finally, we demonstrated that subacute PCP may produce neurochemical changes (the number of 5-HT2A receptors, dopamine turnover, NO synthesis, and immediate early gene expression). These results suggested that several neuronal changes may be related to behavioral changes induced by subacute PCP. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that the alternations of several neuronal systems may establish PCP abuse via the changes of the immediate early gene expression and NO activity induced by subacute PCP treatment. Further studies using receptor selective ligands and sensitive probes that could associate with the pharmacological actions of PCP may elucidate the mechanisms of PCP abuse.
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PMID:Functional changes in neuronal systems induced by phencyclidine administration. 895 21


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