Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.16.2 (PCP)
 3,761 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists on amnesia induced by carbon monoxide (CO) were investigated, since they have neuroprotective effects on delayed degeneration induced by ischemia. In the mice exposed to CO, acute and delayed amnesia were induced. (+)-MK-801 and (-)-MK-801 improved the delayed amnesia, but the effects of phencyclidine (PCP) were weak. (+)-MK-801 and PCP potentiated the acute amnesia. From these results, it is suggested that there is a stereoselectivity in the effects of MK-801 on CO-induced amnesia and that CO-induced delayed amnesia animals could be used as an ischemic amnesia model.
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PMID:MK-801 ameliorates delayed amnesia, but potentiates acute amnesia induced by CO. 215 27

MK-801, a reported N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist with affinity for the phencyclidine (PCP) receptor, injected intravenously in mice before a training trial in a passive avoidance procedure, produced a similar amnesic effect to that produced by the standard amnesic agent scopolamine. Compared to vehicle-treated mice, each drug produced significant amnesia, yet the potency of MK-801 was 40 times that of scopolamine. This result with the MK-801 is consistent with previous reports that drugs which act at PCP recognition sites within the brain produce memory impairing effects in rodents.
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PMID:Amnesic effect of the novel anticonvulsant MK-801. 305 Oct 45

The amnesic action of phencyclidine (PCP) was investigated in mice using a passive avoidance- and escape-learning method. PCP (10-30 mg/kg) administered immediately after the training test dose-dependently shortened and prolonged the step-down latency and escape latency, respectively in the retention test. There was a significant inverse relationship between the step-down and escape latencies, indicating that PCP had induced amnesia. The amnesic actions of PCP were retrograde, being observed when mice were given PCP within 10 min but not more than 30 min after the training test. The amnesic effects of PCP on both variables were antagonized significantly by physostigmine and naloxone, whereas cyproheptadine and haloperidol had no effect. None of these drugs by themselves affected passive avoidance- or escape-learning performance. These results suggest that the retrograde amnesic actions of PCP were produced via either the cholinergic or the opioidergic systems or both, but not through the serotonergic and the dopaminergic systems.
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PMID:Phencyclidine-induced retrograde amnesia in mice. 308 59

The effects of NIK-247 [9-amino-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta(b)-quinoline monohydrate hydrochloride] were studied on a model involving various types of drug- and electroconvulsive shock (ECS)-induced amnesia. The step-down type passive avoidance task in mice was used for comparison of the effects with those of tacrine, a 4-aminopyridine derivative which has an antiamnesic action. NIK-247 administered pre- and post-training or pre-retention test (24 h after training) prevented the disruption of memory induced by cycloheximide administered immediately after training. In addition, NIK-247 protected from the amnesia induced by treatment with ECS, phencyclidine and picrotoxin immediately after training. Tacrine failed to protect from ECS- and PCP-induced amnesia at the doses effective on cycloheximide-induced amnesia. The results indicate that NIK-247 improves cognitive functions at different phases of the learning and memory processes such as acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval in drug- and ECS-induced amnesia. NIK-247 may produce its antiamnesic effects via the cholinergic and GABAergic neuronal systems.
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PMID:Effects of the novel compound NIK-247 on impairment of passive avoidance response in mice. 323 81

Phencyclidine (PCP) is a popular illicit drug often misrepresented as some other hallucinogenic substance and distributed in widely varying dosage forms and strengths. Users of hallucinogenic drugs may present with unintentional PCP overdoses. Toxicological laboratory analyses are essential to establish the diagnosis. In nine admitted overdose patients, the consciousness level ranged from alert to comatose on presentation, and all showed a prolonged recovery phase with agitation and toxic psychosis. Severe behavior disorder, paranoid ideation, and amnesia for the entire period of in-hospital stay are characteristic. In very high dose patients, shallow respiratory excursions and periods of apnoea and cyanosis coincided with generalized extensor spasm and spasm of neck muscles. Excessive bronchial secretions, gross ataxia, opisthotonic posturing, and grimacing occur. PCP toxic psychosis should be considered in drug-abusing patients presenting with schizophrenic-like symptoms, psychosis, or other bizarre behavior, whether or not they admit to taking PCP.
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PMID:Phencyclidine ingestion: drug abuse and psychosis. 728 52

We investigated the effect of the sigma selective PCP derivative PRE-084 on the impairment of learning induced in mice by the noncompetitive NMDA antagonist MK-801. Learning capacities were evaluated using the spontaneous alternation in a Y-maze test for spatial working memory, the step-down passive avoidance and the elevated plus-maze test for long-term memory. At doses about 1 mg/kg IP, PRE-084 significantly attenuated MK-801 (0.2 mg/kg IP) induced impairment of learning. The dose-response curve was bell-shaped which is typical for cognition enhancers. The effect of PRE-084 was antagonized by BMY-14802 (10 mg/kg IP) and suppressed by a chronic treatment with haloperidol (4 mg/kg/day SC for 7 days). Furthermore, PRE-084 did not affect scopolamine (1 mg/kg SC) induced amnesia but significantly attenuated mecamylamine (10 mg/kg IP) induced amnesia. These results show that sigma sites mediate a modulation of the NMDA receptor complex-dependent learning processes and may similarly affect the cholinergic nicotinic memory processes. Moreover, the PCP derivative PRE-084, acting selectively at sigma sites, reverses the amnesia induced by a drug acting at the PCP site.
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PMID:PRE-084, a sigma selective PCP derivative, attenuates MK-801-induced impairment of learning in mice. 788 99

It has been proposed that activation of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 2/3 (mGluR2/3) may induce both antipsychotic and anxiolytic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate further the effect of the mGluR2/3 agonist, LY354740 [(+)-2-aminobicyclo(3.1.0)hexane-2,6-dicarboxylate monohydrate] in animal models relevant to both psychotic and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. The elevated plus maze was used to select the doses for further experiments, LY354740 induced anxiolytic-like effects at doses of 3 and 10 mg/kg but not 1 mg/kg. At a dose of 10 mg/kg. LY354740 attenuated phencyclidine (PCP)-induced locomotor activity. Administered alone, it had no effect on horizontal activity, but at doses of 3 and 10 mg/kg, slightly decreased vertical activity (rearings). LY354740 (1-10 mg/kg intraperitoneally) affected neither prepulse inhibition in normal rats nor reversed the disruption of prepulse inhibition produced by PCP (2 mg/kg subcutaneously). Moreover, LY354740 (3-10 mg/kg) did not modify PCP-induced working memory deficits assessed in a spontaneous alternation task and had no effect on PCP-evoked amnesia in the passive avoidance test. LY354740 alone (3 and 10 mg/kg) induced working memory deficits, but had no effect on acquisition of passive avoidance. In conclusion, LY354740 was effective in models for anxiety and positive symptoms of schizophrenia but not in models for sensorimotor gating and cognitive impairment.
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PMID:Effects of a metabotropic glutamate receptor group II agonist LY354740 in animal models of positive schizophrenia symptoms and cognition. 1917 51